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Records |
Links |
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Author |
Legrand M, Preunkert S, Jourdain B, Galle H, Goutail F, Weller R, Savarino J, |
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Title |
Year-round record of surface ozone at coastal (Dumont d'Urville) and inland (Concordia) sites in East Antarctica
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Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
J. Geophys. Res. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. |
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| |
Volume |
114 |
Issue |
D20 |
Pages |
D20306 - |
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| |
Keywords |
Ozone, Antarctica, 0365 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere: composition and chemistry, 0368 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere: constituent transport and chemistry, 0330 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Geochemical cycles, |
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Abstract |
Surface ozone is measured since 2004 at the coastal East Antarctic station of Dumont d'Urville (DDU) and since 2007 at the Concordia station located on the high East Antarctic plateau. Ozone levels at Concordia reach a maximum of 35 ppbv in July and a minimum of 21 ppbv in February. From November to January, sudden increases of the ozone level, up to 15–20 ppbv above average, often take place. They are attributed to local photochemical ozone production as previously seen at the South Pole. The detailed examination of the diurnal ozone record in summer at Concordia suggests a local photochemical ozone production of around 0.2 ppbv h-1 during the morning. The ozone record at DDU exhibits a maximum of 35 ppbv in July and a minimum of 18 ppbv in January. Mixing ratios at DDU are always higher than those at Neumayer (NM), another coastal Antarctic station. A noticeable difference in the ozone records at the two coastal sites lies in the larger ozone depletion events occurring from July to September at NM compared to DDU, likely due to stronger BrO episodes in relation with a larger sea ice coverage offshore that site. A second difference is the large day-to-day fluctuations which are observed from November to January at DDU but not at NM. That is attributed to a stronger impact at DDU than at NM of air masses coming from the Antarctic plateau. The consequences of such a high oxidizing property of the atmosphere over East Antarctica are discussed with regard to the dimethylsulfide (DMS) chemistry.
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Programme |
414;903;904;1011 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
AGU |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume  |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0148-0227 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2180 |
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Author |
Angelier Frédéric, Giraudeau Mathieu, Bost Charles-André, Le Bouard Fabrice, Chastel Olivier, |
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Title |
Are stress hormone levels a good proxy of foraging success? An experiment with king penguins, Aptenodytes patagonicus.
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Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
The Journal of experimental biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Exp. Biol. |
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| |
Volume |
212 |
Issue |
17 |
Pages |
2824 -9 |
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| |
Keywords |
Animals, Body Composition, Corticosterone, Corticosterone: blood, Eating, Feeding Behavior, Female, Male, Spheniscidae, Spheniscidae: anatomy & histology, Spheniscidae: metabolism, Spheniscidae: physiology, |
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Abstract |
In seabirds, variations in stress hormone (corticosterone; henceforth CORT) levels have been shown to reflect changing marine conditions and, especially, changes in food availability. However, it remains unclear how CORT levels can be mechanistically affected by these changes at the individual level. Specifically, the influence of food acquisition and foraging success on CORT secretion is poorly understood. In this study, we tested whether food acquisition can reduce baseline CORT levels (;the food intake hypothesis') by experimentally reducing foraging success of King Penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus). Although CORT levels overall decreased during a foraging trip, CORT levels did not differ between experimental birds and controls. These results demonstrate that mass gain at sea is not involved in changes in baseline CORT levels in this species. The overall decrease in CORT levels during a foraging trip could result from CORT-mediated energy regulation (;the energy utilisation hypothesis'). Along with other evidence, we suggest that the influence of foraging success and food intake on CORT levels is complex and that the ecological meaning of baseline CORT levels can definitely vary between species and ecological contexts. Therefore, further studies are needed to better understand (1) how baseline CORT levels are functionally regulated according to energetic status and energetic demands and (2) to what extent CORT can be used to aid in the conservation of seabird populations.
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Programme |
109;394 |
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Campaign |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0022-0949 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2217 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Loots Christophe, Swadling Kerrie M, Koubbi Philippe, |
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Title |
Annual cycle of distribution of three ice-associated copepods along the coast near Dumont d'Urville, Terre Adélie (Antarctica)
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Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Journal of Marine Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| |
Volume |
78 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
599 -605 |
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| |
Keywords |
Paralabidocera antarctica, Drescheriella glacialis, Stephos longipes, Southern Ocean, Sea ice, Life cycles, |
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Abstract |
In polar regions sea ice is a site of enhanced primary production during winter and provides important habitat for small grazers, such as copepods. We sampled zooplankton from the sea ice and water column throughout 2005, near Dumont d'Urville station (Terre Adélie, Antarctica). Three species of ice-associated copepods were found: two calanoid copepods Paralabidocera antarctica and Stephos longipes and the harpacticoid copepod Drescheriella glacialis. P. antarctica was the most abundant of the three and was closely associated with the sea ice during most of the year. This species had a one year life cycle with a probable over-wintering period in the sea ice as nauplii and a short copepodite phase in spring. Reproduction and spawning occurred in early summer. A comparison with two other populations (near Syowa and Davis stations) along the east coast of Antarctica showed that there was a temporal shift in the life cycles of the three populations, which was linked to variability in sea ice conditions. D. glacialis was the second most abundant copepod and was more common during the winter than during summer, indicating its preference for the sea ice habitat. In autumn, the presence of D. glacialis in the deeper part of the water column suggested that this species colonised the sea ice from the benthos. S. longipes was found only in the water column near Dumont d'Urville and was not very abundant. In Terre Adélie particular environmental conditions, such as the absence of a permanent sea ice zone throughout the year, a longer time of open water, strong katabatic winds and the presence of polynyas, have influenced both the abundance and distribution of the three common ice-associated copepods.
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Programme |
1142 |
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Campaign |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0924-7963 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2266 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
White Craig R, Grémillet David, Green Jonathan A, Martin Graham R, Butler Patrick J, |
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Title |
Metabolic rate throughout the annual cycle reveals the demands of an Arctic existence in Great Cormorants
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Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
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| |
Volume |
92 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
475 -486 |
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| |
Keywords |
arctic, basal metabolic rate, catch per unit effort, cpue, daily energy expenditure, day length, diving depths, field metabolic rate, foraging efficiency, great cormorant, greenland, phalacrocorax carbo, seasonal variation, |
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| |
Abstract |
Aquatic endotherms living in polar regions are faced with a multitude of challenges, including low air and water temperatures and low illumination, especially in winter. Like other endotherms from cold environments, Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) living in Arctic waters were hypothesized to respond to these challenges through a combination of high daily rate of energy expenditure (DEE) and high food requirements, which are met by a high rate of catch per unit effort (CPUE). CPUE has previously been shown in Great Cormorants to be the highest of any diving bird. In the present study, we tested this hypothesis by making the first measurements of DEE and foraging activity of Arctic-dwelling Great Cormorants throughout the annual cycle. We demonstrate that, in fact, Great Cormorants have surprisingly low rates of DEE. This low DEE is attributed primarily to very low levels of foraging activity, particularly during winter, when the cormorants spent only 2% of their day submerged. Such a low level of fo...
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Programme |
388 |
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Campaign |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
Ecological Society of America |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0012-9658 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2372 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
White Craig R, Boertmann David, Grémillet David, Butler Patrick J, Green Jonathan A, Martin Graham R, |
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Title |
The relationship between sea surface temperature and population change of Great Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo breeding near Disko Bay, Greenland
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Ibis |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ibis (Lond. 1859) |
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| |
Volume |
153 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
170 -174 |
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Keywords |
Arctic warming, climate change, diving, Phalacrocorax, thermoregulation, vision, |
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Abstract |
Arctic seas have warmed and sea ice has retreated. This has resulted in range contraction and population declines in some species, but it could potentially be a boon for others. Great Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo have a partially wettable plumage and seem poorly suited to foraging in Arctic waters. We show that rates of population change of Cormorant colonies around Disko Bay, Greenland, are positively correlated with sea surface temperature, suggesting that they may benefit from a warming Arctic. However, although Cormorant populations may increase in response to Arctic warming, the extent of expansion of their winter range may ultimately be limited by other factors, such as sensory constraints on foraging behaviour during long Arctic nights.
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Programme |
388 |
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Campaign |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1474-919X |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2374 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Picard G, Domine F, Krinner G, Arnaud L, Lefebvre E, |
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Title |
Inhibition of the positive snow-albedo feedback by precipitation in interior Antarctica |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Nature Climate Change |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
11 |
Pages |
795-798 |
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Keywords |
limate change Cryospheric science |
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Abstract |
This study uses satellite data to study snow grain size–albedo relationships over the whole Antarctic Plateau. The findings suggest that increased precipitation resulting from climate change will effectively compensate for the decreased albedo that should have resulted from warming, thereby inhibiting the expected ice–albedo feedback. |
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Programme |
1013 |
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Campaign |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1758-6798 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
456 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Chambodut A, LANGLAIS Benoit, Menvielle M, Thébault E, Chulliat A, Hulot G, |
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Title |
Candidate models for the IGRF 11th generation making use of extrapolated observatory data
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Earth Planets and Space |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
62 |
Issue |
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Pages |
745 -751 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Three candidate models are produced in response to the call for IGRF-11 models. A main field model around epoch 2005.0 is based on one year of Oersted and CHAMP measurements, and is proposed for the definitive model for epoch 2005.0. A main field model around epoch 2009.5, based on two months of CHAMP measurements and extrapolated to 2010.0, is proposed as a main field model for epoch 2010.0. A secular variation model valid for 2010.0-2015.0, based on the extrapolation through exponential
smoothing of observatory monthly mean values, is proposed as a predictive secular variation model. Comparison of similar extrapolations made for previous IGRF generations with actual observations are presented and discussed. |
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Programme |
139;905 |
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Campaign |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1343-8832 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2464 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Weller Rolf, Wagenbach Dietmar, Legrand Michel, Elsässer Christoph, Tian-kunze Xiangshan, König-langlo Gert, |
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Title |
Continuous 25-yr aerosol records at coastal Antarctica I: inter-annual variability of ionic compounds and links to climate indices |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Tellus B |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The aerosol climatology at the coastal Antarctic Neumayer Station (NM) was investigated based on continuous, 25-yr long observations of biogenic sulphur components (methanesulfonate and nonsea salt sulphate), sea salt and nitrate. Although significant long-term trends could only be detected for nitrate (3.6 ± 2.5% per year between 1983 and 1993 and +4.0 ± 3.2% per year from 19932007), non-harmonic periodicities between 2 and 5 yr were typical for all species. Dedicated time series analyses revealed that relations to sea ice extent and various circulation indices are weak at best or not significant. In particular, no consistent link between sea ice extent and sea salt loadings was evident suggesting only a rather local relevance of the NM sea salt record. Nevertheless, a higher Southern Annular Mode index tended to entail a lower biogenic sulphur signal. In examining the spatial uniformity of the NM findings we contrasted them to respective 17 yr records from the coastal Dumont dUrville Station. We found similar long-term trends for nitrate, indicating an Antarctic-wide but not identifiable atmospheric signal, although any significant impact of solar activity or pollution could be ruled out. No inter-site variability on the multiannual scale was evident for the other ionic compounds. |
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Programme |
414 |
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Campaign |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1600-0889 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2549 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Jaffal A, Paris-Palacios S, Jolly S, Thailly A F, Delahaut L, Beall E, Roche H, Biagianti-Risbourg S, Betoulle S, |
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Title |
Cadmium and copper contents in a freshwater fish species (brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis) from the subantarctic Kerguelen Islands
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Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Polar Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Polar Biol. |
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Volume |
34 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
397 -409 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The subantarctic Kerguelen Islands (49 degrees S, 70 degrees E) contain freshwaters among the most isolated in the world from direct human activities. Cadmium and copper concentrations were analyzed in muscle and liver tissues of 57 non-migratory brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) inhabiting the Sud River of Kerguelen Islands. The mean cadmium concentration in liver was 1.13 mu g/g dry wt, within the range of levels measured in liver of marine fish from the Southern Ocean. Muscular Cd levels (0.12 mu g/g dry wt) were roughly ten times higher than those measured in Kerguelen's marine fish species. Copper levels were very high in the two organs (62.27 mu g/g dry wt in liver and 3.02 mu g/g dry wt in muscle) compared to those detected in fish from the Southern Ocean. Regarding the seasonal trend, the highest Cu and Cd muscular levels were measured in fish at the end of the austral winter, whereas the highest hepatic levels were observed at the end of the austral summer. Moreover, hepatic cadmium levels were higher in females than in males. These results could be related to brook trout spawning physiological preparations and foraging behavior during the summer period. We provide here the first results about Cu and Cd levels in liver and muscle of a freshwater fish species in an insular subantarctic context. They are in agreement with the high cadmium contamination found in fish of the Southern Ocean.
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Programme |
409;1041 |
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Campaign |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0722-4060 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2620 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Marais A, Faure C, Candresse T, Hullé M, |
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Title |
First Report of Nasturtium as a Natural Host of Cherry leaf roll virus on Amsterdam Island
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Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2010 |
Publication |
PLANT DISEASE |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Dis. |
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Volume |
94 |
Issue |
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Pages |
477 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV) is a well-known virus belonging to the genus Nepovirus, but unlike most members of this genus, it is not known to be transmitted by nematodes but only through seeds and pollen. Since its first description in 1955 on Prunus avium L. in England (1), CLRV has been shown to have a worldwide distribution and a wide natural host range. During a survey of plant viruses in the French sub-Antarctic islands, samples from nasturtium plants (Tropaeolum majus), an introduced plant species, showing symptoms of leaf mosaic, deformation, and veinal necrosis were collected on Amsterdam Island. Upon mechanical transmission with sap extracts, necrotic ringspot and oak-leaf symptoms typical of Nepovirus infection were observed on the leaves of inoculated Nicotiana clevelandii and N. tabacum plants. Inoculation of healthy nasturtium plants resulted in mosaic and pin-point necrosis symptoms. Electron microscopy on negatively stained sap extracts revealed the presence of icosahedral virions, 28 to ...
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Programme |
136 |
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Campaign |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
The American Phytopathological Society |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0191-2917 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2661 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
