|
|
VAN HOUDT J . K . J., B. HELLEMANS, A. VAN DE PUTTE, P. KOUBBI and F. A. M. VOLCKAERT. (2006). Isolation and multiplex analysis of six polymorphic microsatellites in the Antarctic notothenioid fish, Trematomus newnesi. Molecular ecology notes, 6, 157–159.
|
|
|
|
Corbel H, Morlon F, Groscolas R. (2008). Is fledging in king penguin chicks related to changes in metabolic or endocrinal status? Gen Comp Endocrinol., 155(3), 804–13.
Abstract: This study examines the possibility that metabolic or endocrinal factors initiate fledging in the king penguin, a semi-altricial seabird species breeding a single chick on the ground. Chick fledging (departure to sea) occurred 5d after completion of the molt. It was preceded by a 16d fasting period and by a 7-fold increase in locomotor activity. From the measurement of the plasma concentration of metabolites and of glucagon and insulin, pre-fledging king penguin chicks were found to adapt to fasting in a classical way, i.e. by sparing body protein and mobilizing fat stores. At fledging, chicks were in phase II of fasting and their departure to sea was not stimulated by reaching critical energy depletion (phase III), in contrast to that which has been reported in breeding-fasting adults. The plasma level of corticosterone remained unchanged throughout the whole pre-fledging period, providing no support for a role of this stress-hormone in the facilitation of fledging. Thus, king penguin fledglings did not appear to be environmentally or nutritionally stressed. The plasma levels of thyroid hormones were elevated during the pre-fledging molt, in accordance with their key role in molt control in adult penguins. These levels declined by the time of the molt end, the plasma level of T4 thereafter being directly related to the time left before fledging. These results do not support the view that chronically elevated levels of thyroid hormones are required for the energy-demanding transition between being ashore and in cold water, but they suggest that the maintenance of high T4 levels may delay fledging.
Programme: 119
|
|
|
|
Rey, B.; Halsey, L.G.; Dolmazon, V.; Rouanet, J.-L.; Roussel, D.; Handrich, Y.; Butler, P.J.; Duchamp, C. (2008). Long-term fasting decreases mitochondrial avian UCP-mediated oxygen consumption in hypometabolic king penguins. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 295(1), R92–100.
Abstract: In endotherms, regulation of the degree of mitochondrial coupling affects cell metabolic efficiency. Thus it may be a key contributor to minimizing metabolic rate during long periods of fasting. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether variation in mitochondrial avian uncoupling proteins (avUCP), as putative regulators of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, may contribute to the ability of king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) to withstand fasting for several weeks. After 20 days of fasting, king penguins showed a reduced rate of whole animal oxygen consumption ([IMG]f1.gif“ ALT=”V“ BORDER=”0“>O2; -33%) at rest, together with a reduced abundance of avUCP and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-{gamma} coactivator-1{alpha} (PGC1-{alpha}) mRNA in pectoralis muscle (-54%, -36%, respectively). These parameters were restored after the birds had been refed for 3 days. Furthermore, in recently fed, but not in fasted penguins, isolated muscle mitochondria showed a guanosine diphosphate-inhibited, fatty acid plus superoxide-activated respiration, indicating the presence of a functional UCP. It was calculated that variation in mitochondrial UCP-dependent respiration in vitro may contribute to nearly 20% of the difference in resting [IMG]f1.gif” ALT=“V” BORDER=“0”>O2 between fed or refed penguins and fasted penguins measured in vivo. These results suggest that the lowering of avUCP activity during periods of long-term energetic restriction may contribute to the reduction in metabolic rate and hence the ability of king penguins to face prolonged periods of fasting.
Programme: 131;394
|
|
|
|
Annell H., Scoates J., Weis D. and Giret A. (2007). Petrology of flodd basalts at the tholeiitic-alkalic transition and phenocryst compositions, Mt Marion Dufresne, Kerguelen Archipelago, Southern Indian Ocean. The Canadian Mineralogist, 45.
|
|
|
|
. (2007). Magnetic anomaly map of the world: merging satellite, airborne, marine and ground-based magnetic sets. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 260, 56–71.
|
|
|
|
Elster, J., R. Delmas, J.R. Petit , and K. Rehakova,. (2007). Composition of microbial communities in aerosol, snow and ice samples from remote glaciated areas (Antarctica, Alps Andes.Biogeosciences Discussions. Biogeosciences discussions, 4, 1779–1813.
Abstract: Biogeosciences Discussions (EGU)
Programme: 355
|
|
|
|
Kennicutt II, M.C., M., and J.R. Petit. (2007). Future Directions in Subglacial Environments Research. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 88(11), 129–131.
|
|
|
|
Alekhina I.A., J.R. Petit, V.V. Lukin, N.I. Vasiliev, and S.A. Bulat. (2005). Estimate for bacterial contents of 5G-1 borehole drilling fluid, Vostok station, Antarctica. Mater. Glyatsiol. Issled. Data Glaciol. Stud., 98, 109–117.
|
|
|
|
Spracklen, D.V.; Arnold, S.R.; Sciare, J.; Carslaw, K.S.; Pio, C. (2008). Globally significant oceanic source of organic carbon aerosol. Geophysical research letters, 35.
Keywords: organic carbon; ocean; aerosol; 0305 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Aerosols and particles; 0315 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Biosphere/atmosphere interactions; 0312 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Air/sea constituent fluxes
Programme: 414;415
|
|
|
|
. (2007). Limited glaciation and very early deglaciation in central Iceland: Implications for climate change.339, 1–12.
|
|
