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| Author | Natacha Garcin | ||||
| Title | The effects of stress hormones on king penguin's growth, energetics and ageing rate | Type | Master 2 | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 35 | ||
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| Abstract | Stress exposure and stress response are likely to vary according to life history strategies and across environmental contexts. If the release of glucocorticoids (e.g. corticosterone, CORT) in response to acute stress enables animals to rightfully cope with the situation, chronic exposure to high CORT levels can lead to deleterious cascading effects on animal’s physiology, behavior and fitness. Some species may be more adapted to cope with stressful events than others and might exhibit natural adaptations to limit the adverse consequences of prolonged high CORT levels. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of experimentally elevated CORT levels on the growth, energetics and ageing of king penguin chicks (Aptenodytes patagonicus), using sub-cutaneous CORT implants. We investigated the effects of CORT both on the medium (23 days after implant) and the long-term (fledging: ~ 200 days after the implant) on morphological (i.e. body mass and size), behavioral (i.e. aggressivity, physical activity) and physiological traits (i.e. heart rate, CORT response to acute stress, oxidative stress, mitochondrial density and telomere length). Although CORT-treated chicks were taller, more aggressive and displayed lower CORT response to acute stress on the medium-term, there was no significant impact of CORT on the body mass and whole-body energetics assessed through heart rate and physical activity. Moreover, CORT chicks displayed lower oxidized glutathione on the medium and long-term, thus indirectly preventing oxidative damage, while telomere length and mitochondrial density were not influenced by CORT implants. Although chronic elevation of glucocorticoid levels is mostly known to result in negative physiological and behavioral outcomes, our results indicating some positive effects of CORT implants are consistent with the hypothesis that species who encounter several noxious stressors in their environment, could be naturally adapted to cope with them. The growth-enhancing effect of CORT might be mediated by a higher efficiency at which food is assimilated and/or used, and CORT chicks might benefit from aggressive behaviors during competitive interactions or predation encounters. Through the antioxidant glutathione system, CORT treated chicks seem to have developed a resistance to oxidative stress that could last over time (i.e. possibly through a reduction of ROS production). While CORT implants did not accelerate ageing or bring short and mediumterm costs, possible long lasting programming effects of CORT should be further investigated. |
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| Programme | 119 | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial  |
8101 | |||
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| Author | Panhelleux Léa &Amp; Lochin Pierre | ||||
| Title | Télédétection appliquée au suivi des dynamiques de la végétation des îles Kerguelen | Type | Master 2 | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Abstract | |||||
| Programme | 136 | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial |
8100 | |||
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| Author | Buscetti, M. | ||||
| Title | Influence of geomagnetic storms on seismometers | Type | Master 2 | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Eost, Strasbourg | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Programme | 139 | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial |
8099 | |||
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| Author | Haberle, V. | ||||
| Title | Automatic Characterisation of Magnetic Indices with Artificial Intelligence | Type | Master 2 | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Irap, Toulouse | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Programme | 139 | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial |
8098 | |||
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| Author | A. Wargnier | ||||
| Title | Characterising the time profiles of relativistic solar energetic particle events observed by neutron monitors | Type | Master 1 | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Internship report, M1, Univ. Paris Sciences-Lettres | Abbreviated Journal | |
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| Abstract | This Report Presents The Result Of The Measurement Of Characteristic Times For Relativistic Solar Energetic Par- Ticle Events Observed By Neutron Monitors. The Typical Profile Of A Solar Event Observed By Neutrons Monitors Is A Fast Rise And A Slow Decay. But These Times Differ Between Events (From A Few Minutes To Several Hours) And Quantifying Them Is Interesting. In Fact, Studying These Characteristic Times Allows Us To Better Understand Solar High Energy Events. For This, We Used The Neutron Monitor Database (Nmdb) [1] And Python To Compute The Rise Time And The Decay Time. We Observed That There Is A Linear Relationship Between Rise Time And Decay Time Of These Solar Events.there Are Some Possible Interpretations For These Characteristic Times. These Times May Be Related To The Dura- Tion Of Particle Acceleration Or The Propagation Of The Particles In The Interplanetary Medium. We Looked Then For A Link Between The Measurement Of Neutron Monitors At The Earth And The Solar Activity: In X-rays, And The Microwave Domain. Furthermore, We Studied The Fluctuations Of The Interplanetary Magnetic Field. However, All These Attempts Were Unsuccessful To Find A Relation With The Rise Time Measured By Neutron Monitors. But Ejection Speeds Of Coronal Mass Ejections And Rise Time Solar Events Detected By Neutron Monitors May Be Linked. | ||||
| Programme | 227 | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial |
8097 | |||
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| Author | Mazé C., Tixier P., Boulinier T., Gamble A., Guinet C., Robin J.-p. Et J. Labonne | ||||
| Title | La transformation vers la soutenabilité, de la théorie à la pratique : la ZATA, un modèle d'étude et d'action pertinent et efficace. Le cas des pêcheries et de la conservation des oiseaux et mammifères marins | Type | Peer-reviewed symposium | ||
| Year | 2020 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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| Abstract | L'horizon de transformation vers la soutenabilité fondée sur le concept de résilience en écologie est décrit de manière normative dans la littérature en sciences de l'environnement ou mis en valeur à partir de cas d'étude isolés. S'ils constituent d'importantes « semences pour un bon Anthropocène » ces exemples restent encore trop rares, alors que la transformation devrait d'être entreprise à plus grande échelle et à vitesse rapide. Cette transformation nécessite urgemment d'être mise en pratique de manière plus systématique et étayée à partir de cas d'action-recherche efficaces. Pour ce faire, ceux-ci doivent être conçus et mis en œuvre grâce à de nouvelles configurations, représentations et pratiques des relations entre chercheurs et autres acteurs du territoire, publics comme privés. Autrement dit, la transformation implique un changement de gouvernance, pour aller vers une gestion adaptative des territoires, des ressources naturelles et des sociétés qui en dépendent. Elle doit faire une plus grande place aux interactions entre humains et non-humains, redéfinir en profondeur le rapport homme / nature et passer par un rééquilibrage des pouvoirs entre groupes d'acteurs et institutions, dans le processus de décision en matière de gestion environnementale. Les sciences sociales et en particulier l'anthropologie des relations homme / milieu, la sociologie politique des sciences, la sociologie politique et l'économie écologique doivent être mobilisées à cette fin, en étroite interaction avec l'écologie. Les zones-ateliers fournissent à ce titre des cas privilégiés, permettant d'opérer ce changement de paradigme, en donnant une plus grande place à l'action collective, à l'hybridation des savoirs et à l'articulation équilibrée entre intérêts divergents. Elles permettent d'identifier les paramètres déterminants pour générer de manière efficace la transformation. La ZATA, zone atelier Antarctique et Terres Australes, malgré une pression anthropique directe limitée, offre un cadre de travail privilégié pour identifier les paramètres nécessaires à la mise en œuvre d'une gouvernance propice à une gestion adaptative permettant d'augmenter la résilience des SES. La pression du changement global y est très forte, tout comme les interactions entre les diverses catégories d'acteurs et d'institutions historiquement situées. La présence des scientifiques y est très installée et mêlée à des enjeux politiques, économiques et géostratégiques auxquels contribuent la conservation de la biodiversité. A partir de deux modèles d'étude (pêcheries à Kerguelen et interactions avec la mégafaune marine/ conservation des oiseaux marins, pathogènes et dératisation à Amsterdam) faisant intervenir des chercheurs, des décideurs, des gestionnaires et les acteurs économiques dans le processus de décision multi-échelles (e.g. État français / CCAMLAR-RCTA) en termes de gestion environnementale, nous présenterons une méthode de modélisation des socio-écosystèmes en systèmes dynamiques. Les modèles produits permettent d'envisager leurs trajectoires de résilience en fonction des choix de gestion et peuvent ainsi servir d'outil d'aide à la décision et d'instrument inédit en matière de construction des mesures de gestion adaptative. Cette communication, élaborée au fil des interactions avec les gestionnaires, alliera ainsi réflexion théorique et retours sur des cas concrets pouvant permettre une montée en généralité utile pour aller vers une gouvernance des SES effective et efficace en termes de résilience et de soutenabilité. | ||||
| Programme | 119 | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial |
8096 | |||
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| Author | |||||
| Title | Similar circling movements observed across marine megafauna taxa | Type | Journal | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | iScience | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 24 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 102221 |
| Keywords | Animals Biological Sciences Ecology Ethology Zoology | ||||
| Abstract | Advances in biologging technology have enabled 3D dead-reckoning reconstruction of marine animal movements at spatiotemporal scales of meters and seconds. Examining high-resolution 3D movements of sharks (Galeocerdo cuvier, N = 4; Rhincodon typus, N = 1), sea turtles (Chelonia mydas, N = 3), penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus, N = 6), and marine mammals (Arctocephalus gazella, N = 4; Ziphius cavirostris, N = 1), we report the discovery of circling events where animals consecutively circled more than twice at relatively constant angular speeds. Similar circling behaviors were observed across a wide variety of marine megafauna, suggesting these behaviors might serve several similar purposes across taxa including foraging, social interactions, and navigation. | ||||
| Programme | 394 | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2589-0042 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial |
8095 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | |||||
| Title | Biological invasions in France: Alarming costs and even more alarming knowledge gaps | Type | Journal | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | NeoBiota | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 67 | Issue | Pages | 191-224 | |
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| Abstract | |||||
| Programme | 136 | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1314-2488 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial |
8094 | |||
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| Author | |||||
| Title | Spatial segregation in a sexually dimorphic central place forager: Competitive exclusion or niche divergence? | Type | Journal | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Journal of Animal Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 90 | Issue | 10 | Pages | 2404-2420 |
| Keywords | bio-logging central place foraging ecological niche theory intraspecific competition kernel density estimates resource selection functions sexual segregation wandering albatross | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Programme | 109,394 | ||||
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| Corporate Author | Thesis | Bachelor's thesis | |||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1365-2656 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial |
8093 | |||
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| Author | |||||
| Title | Underwater photogrammetry for close-range 3D imaging of dry-sensitive objects: The case study of cephalopod beaks | Type | Journal | ||
| Year | 2021 | Publication | Ecology and Evolution | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 11 | Issue | 12 | Pages | 7730-7742 |
| Keywords | 3D models cephalopod beaks dry-sensitive material micro-CT scanning micro-photogrammetry underwater photogrammetry | ||||
| Abstract | Technical advances in 3D imaging have contributed to quantifying and understanding biological variability and complexity. However, small, dry-sensitive objects are not easy to reconstruct using common and easily available techniques such as photogrammetry, surface scanning, or micro-CT scanning. Here, we use cephalopod beaks as an example as their size, thickness, transparency, and dry-sensitive nature make them particularly challenging. We developed a new, underwater, photogrammetry protocol in order to add these types of biological structures to the panel of photogrammetric possibilities. We used a camera with a macrophotography mode in a waterproof housing fixed in a tank with clear water. The beak was painted and fixed on a colored rotating support. Three angles of view, two acquisitions, and around 300 pictures per specimen were taken in order to reconstruct a full 3D model. These models were compared with others obtained with micro-CT scanning to verify their accuracy. The models can be obtained quickly and cheaply compared with micro-CT scanning and have sufficient precision for quantitative interspecific morphological analyses. Our work shows that underwater photogrammetry is a fast, noninvasive, efficient, and accurate way to reconstruct 3D models of dry-sensitive objects while conserving their shape. While the reconstruction of the shape is accurate, some internal parts cannot be reconstructed with photogrammetry as they are not visible. In contrast, these structures are visible using reconstructions based on micro-CT scanning. The mean difference between both methods is very small (10?5 to 10?4 mm) and is significantly lower than differences between meshes of different individuals. This photogrammetry protocol is portable, easy-to-use, fast, and reproducible. Micro-CT scanning, in contrast, is time-consuming, expensive, and nonportable. This protocol can be applied to reconstruct the 3D shape of many other dry-sensitive objects such as shells of shellfish, cartilage, plants, and other chitinous materials. | ||||
| Programme | 109 | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 2045-7758 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | yes | |||
| Call Number | Serial |
8092 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||