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Author |
Bitterly J. & Bitterly M. |
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Title |
Observatoires magnétiques français antarctiques et subantarctiques. Catalogue de données magnétiques. Valeurs minutes des éléments du champ magnétique terrestre 69-95. |
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Report |
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Year |
1998 |
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Ecole et Observatoire de Physique du Globe |
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139 |
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yes |
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391 |
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Author |
Hennion F. & Walton D.W.H. |
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Title |
Ecology and seed morphology of endemic species from Kerguelen Phytogeographic Zone. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Polar biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Polar Biol. |
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Volume |
18 |
Issue |
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Pages |
229-235 |
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136 |
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ISSN |
0722-4060 |
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yes |
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392 |
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Author |
Jenouvrier Stéphanie, Caswell Hal, Barbraud Christophe, Weimerskirch Henri, |
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Title |
Mating behavior, population growth, and the operational sex ratio: a periodic two-sex model approach.
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
The American naturalist |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am. Nat. |
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Volume |
175 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
739 -52 |
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Keywords |
Animals, Female, Male, Models, Biological, Population Growth, Sex Ratio, Sexual Behavior, Animal, Spheniscidae, |
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Abstract |
We present a new approach to modeling two-sex populations, using periodic, nonlinear two-sex matrix models. The models project the population growth rate, the population structure, and any ratio of interest (e.g., operational sex ratio). The periodic formulation permits inclusion of highly seasonal behavioral events. A periodic product of the seasonal matrices describes annual population dynamics. The model is nonlinear because mating probability depends on the structure of the population. To study how the vital rates influence population growth rate, population structure, and operational sex ratio, we used sensitivity analysis of frequency-dependent nonlinear models. In nonlinear two-sex models the vital rates affect growth rate directly and also indirectly through effects on the population structure. The indirect effects can sometimes overwhelm the direct effects and are revealed only by nonlinear analysis. We find that the sensitivity of the population growth rate to female survival is negative for the emperor penguin, a species with highly seasonal breeding behavior. This result could not occur in linear models because changes in population structure have no effect on per capita reproduction. Our approach is applicable to ecological and evolutionary studies of any species in which males and females interact in a seasonal environment.
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109 |
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0003-0147 |
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yes |
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393 |
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Author |
Bost C.A., Koubbi P., Genevois F., Ruchon L. & Ridoux V. |
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Title |
Gentoo penguin Pygoscelis papua diet as an indicator of planktonic availability in the Kerguelen Islands. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Polar biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Polar Biol. |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
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Pages |
147-153 |
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137 |
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0722-4060 |
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yes |
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394 |
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Author |
Van De Vijver B. & Beyens L. |
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Title |
Staurosira jolinae sp. nov. and Staurosira circula sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae), two new fragilarioid diatoms from Subantarctica. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Nova hedwigia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nova Hedwigia |
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Volume |
75 |
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Pages |
319-331 |
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136 |
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ISSN |
0029-5035 |
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yes |
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Serial |
395 |
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Author |
Lecomte Vincent Julien, Sorci Gabriele, Cornet Stéphane, Jaeger Audrey, Faivre Bruno, Arnoux Emilie, Gaillard Maria, Trouvé Colette, Besson Dominique, Chastel Olivier, Weimerskirch Henri, |
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Title |
Patterns of aging in the long-lived wandering albatross.
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |
Abbreviated Journal |
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |
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Volume |
107 |
Issue |
14 |
Pages |
6370 -5 |
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Keywords |
Aging, Animal Migration, Animals, Birds, Birds: physiology, Feeding Behavior, Female, Male, Sex Characteristics, Sexual Behavior, Animal, |
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Abstract |
How does an animal age in natural conditions? Given the multifaceted nature of senescence, identifying the effects of age on physiology and behavior remains challenging. We investigated the effects of age on a broad array of phenotypic traits in a wild, long-lived animal, the wandering albatross. We studied foraging behavior using satellite tracking and activity loggers in males and females (age 6-48+ years), and monitored reproductive performance and nine markers of baseline physiology known to reflect senescence in vertebrates (humoral immunity, oxidative stress, antioxidant defenses, and hormone levels). Age strongly affected foraging behavior and reproductive performance, but not baseline physiology. Consistent with results of mammal and human studies, age affected males and females differently. Overall, our findings demonstrate that age, sex, and foraging ability interact in shaping aging patterns in natural conditions. Specifically, we found an unexpected pattern of spatial segregation by age; old males foraged in remote Antarctica waters, whereas young and middle-aged males never foraged south of the Polar Front. Old males traveled a greater distance but were less active at the sea surface, and returned from sea with elevated levels of stress hormone (corticosterone), mirroring a low foraging efficiency. In contrast to findings in captive animals and short-lived birds, and consistent with disposable soma theory, we found no detectable age-related deterioration of baseline physiology in albatrosses. We propose that foraging efficiency (i.e., the ability of individuals to extract energy from their environment) might play a central role in shaping aging patterns in natural conditions.
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Programme |
109 |
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ISSN |
0027-8424 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
396 |
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Author |
Hagen J.O., Melvold K., Eiken T., Isaksson E. & Lefauconnier B. |
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Title |
Mass balance methods on Kongsvegen, Svalbard. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Geografiska annaler series a-physical geography |
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Volume |
81A |
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Pages |
593-601 |
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265 |
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ISSN |
0435-3676 |
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yes |
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Serial |
397 |
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Author |
Nevoux Marie, Weimerskirch Henri, Barbraud Christophe, |
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Title |
Long- and short-term influence of environment on recruitment in a species with highly delayed maturity.
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Oecologia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Oecologia |
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Volume |
162 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
383 -92 |
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Keywords |
Age Factors, Animals, Birds, Birds: growth & development, Birds: physiology, Breeding, Climate, Female, Male, Nesting Behavior, Population Dynamics, Seawater, Seawater: chemistry, Sexual Behavior, Animal, Temperature, |
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Abstract |
Short-term effects of environmental perturbations on various life history traits are reasonably well documented in birds and mammals. But, in the present context of global climate change, there is a need to consider potential long-term effects of natal conditions to better understand and predict the consequences of these changes on population dynamics. The environmental conditions affecting offspring during their early development may determine their lifetime reproductive performance, and therefore the number of recruits produced by a cohort. In this study, we attempted to link recruitment to natal and recent (previous year) conditions in the long-lived black-browed albatross (Thalassarche melanophrys) at Kerguelen Islands. The environmental variability was described using both climatic variables over breeding (sea surface temperature anomaly) and non-breeding grounds (Southern Oscillation index), and variables related to the colony (breeding success and colony size). Immature survival was linked to the breeding success of the colony in the year of birth, which was expected to reflect the average seasonal parental investment. At the cohort level, this initial mortality event may act as a selective filter shaping the number, and presumably the quality (breeding frequency, breeding success probability), of the individuals that recruit into the breeding population. The decision to start breeding was strongly structured by the age of the individuals and adjusted according to recent conditions. An effect of natal conditions was not detected on this parameter, supporting the selection hypothesis. Recruitment, as a whole, was thus influenced by a combination of long- and short-term environmental impacts. Our results highlight the complexity of the influence of environmental factors on such long-lived species, due to the time-lag (associated with a delayed maturity) between the impact of natal conditions on individuals and their repercussion on the breeding population.
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109 |
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0029-8549 |
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yes |
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Serial |
398 |
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Author |
Delille D., Fiala M., Pelletier E., Delille B., Kanamori S., Plessy C. & Prevost C. |
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Title |
Essais de traitements de sites artificiellement contaminés: glace de mer, sols antarctiques, plages subantarctiques. |
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1997 |
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51 |
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Abstract |
Rapport ELF |
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193 |
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yes |
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399 |
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Author |
Van Vliet-Lanoë B., Guillou H., Gudmundsson A., Schneider J.-L. |
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Title |
Glaciers and sea ice extent in Iceland during the Quaternary. |
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Conference - National - Communication |
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2010 |
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CNRS Spring School “Iceland in the Central Northern Atlantic”, 11-14 mai 2010, 127-132 |
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316 |
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400 |
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