| Records |
| Author |
Candice Michelot, Akiko Kato, Thierry Raclot, Yan Ropert-Coudert |
| Title |
Adélie penguins foraging consistency and site fidelity are conditioned by breeding status and environmental conditions |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
PLOS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
16 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
e0244298 |
| Keywords |
Animal behavior Animal sexual behavior Animal sociality Birds Foraging Nesting habits Penguins Reproductive success |
| Abstract |
There is a growing interest in studying consistency and site fidelity of individuals to assess, respectively, how individual behaviour shapes the population response to environmental changes, and to highlight the critical habitats needed by species. In Antarctica, the foraging activity of central place foragers like Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) is constrained by the sea-ice cover during the breeding season. We estimated the population-level repeatability in foraging trip parameters and sea-ice conditions encountered by birds across successive trips over several years, and we examined their foraging site fidelity linked to sea-ice concentrations throughout the chick-rearing season. Penguins’ foraging activity was repeatable despite varying annual sea-ice conditions. Birds’ site fidelity is constrained by both sea-ice conditions around the colony that limit movements and resources availability, and also behavioural repeatability of individuals driven by phenological constraints. Adélie penguins favoured sea-ice concentrations between 20–30%, as these facilitate access to open water while opening multiple patches for exploration in restricted areas in case of prey depletion. When the sea-ice concentration became greater than 30%, foraging site fidelity decreased and showed higher variability, while it increased again after 60%. Between two trips, the foraging site fidelity remained high when sea-ice concentration changed by ± 10% but showed greater variability when sea-ice concentrations differed on a larger range. In summary, Adélie penguins specialize their foraging behaviour during chick-rearing according to sea-ice conditions to enhance their reproductive success. The balance between being consistent under favourable environmental conditions vs. being flexible under more challenging conditions may be key to improving foraging efficiency and reproductive success to face fast environmental changes. |
| Programme |
1091 |
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| ISSN |
1932-6203 |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial  |
6428 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Morten Frederiksen, Olivier Gilg, Glenn Yannic |
| Title |
Cross-icecap spring migration confirmed in a high-Arctic seabird, the Ivory Gull Pagophila eburnea |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Ibis |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
163 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
706-714 |
| Keywords |
ecological barrier Greenland icecap high-altitude migration |
| Abstract |
Seabirds rarely cross major terrestrial barriers during seasonal migration, possibly because they have a limited ability to build up fat stores. For the first time, we tracked two Ivory Gulls with GPS loggers during spring migration from the wintering area in Davis Strait to the breeding colony in north-east Greenland. While one bird migrated in March around the southern tip of Greenland, the other delayed migration until May and crossed the Greenland icecap north of 70°N, covering 1345 km in 29 h. Several aspects of the crossing were noteworthy: the track was remarkably direct, the bird made several stops (totalling 6 h) on the icecap, and the bird increased its flying altitude to nearly 3000 m over West Greenland and > 4000 m over East Greenland. |
| Programme |
1210 |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0019-1019 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
6348 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Éric Bernard, Jean-Michel Friedt, Madeleine Griselin |
| Title |
Snowcover Survey over an Arctic Glacier Forefield: Contribution of Photogrammetry to Identify “Icing” Variability and Processes |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Remote Sensing |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
13 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1978 |
| Keywords |
arctic cryosphere moraine photogrammetry snow water equivalent snowcover spatial dynamics UAV-SfM |
| Abstract |
The global climate shift currently underway has significant impacts on both the quality and quantity of snow precipitation. This directly influences the spatial variability of the snowpack as well as cumulative snow height. Contemporary glacier retreat reorganizes periglacial morphology: while the glacier area decreases, the moraine area increases. The latter is becoming a new water storage potential that is almost as important as the glacier itself, but with considerably more complex topography. Hence, this work fills one of the missing variables of the hydrological budget equation of an arctic glacier basin by providing an estimate of the snow water equivalent (SWE) of the moraine contribution. Such a result is achieved by investigating Structure from Motion (SfM) image processing that is applied to pictures collected from an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) as a method for producing snow depth maps over the proglacial moraine area. Several UAV campaigns were carried out on a small glacial basin in Spitsbergen (Arctic): the measurements were made at the maximum snow accumulation season (late April), while the reference topography maps were acquired at the end of the hydrological year (late September) when the moraine is mostly free of snow. The snow depth is determined from Digital Surface Model (DSM) subtraction. Utilizing dedicated and natural ground control points for relative positioning of the DSMs, the relative DSM georeferencing with sub-meter accuracy removes the main source of uncertainty when assessing snow depth. For areas where snow is deposited on bare rock surfaces, the correlation between avalanche probe in-situ snow depth measurements and DSM differences is excellent. Differences in ice covered areas between the two measurement techniques are attributed to the different quantities measured: while the former only measures snow accumulation, the latter includes all of the ice accumulation during winter through which the probe cannot penetrate, in addition to the snow cover. When such inconsistencies are observed, icing thicknesses are the source of the discrepancy that is observed between avalanche probe snow cover depth measurements and differences of DSMs. |
| Programme |
1108 |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
4442 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
G. J. Sutton, C. A. Bost, A. Z. Kouzani, S. D. Adams, K. Mitchell, J. P. Y. Arnould |
| Title |
Fine-scale foraging effort and efficiency of Macaroni penguins is influenced by prey type, patch density and temporal dynamics |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Marine Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
168 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
3 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Difficulties quantifying in situ prey patch quality have limited our understanding of how marine predators respond to variation within and between patches, and throughout their foraging range. In the present study, animal-borne video, GPS, accelerometer and dive behaviour data loggers were used to investigate the fine-scale foraging behaviour of Macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus) in response to prey type, patch density and temporal variation in diving behaviour. Individuals mainly dived during the day and utilised two strategies, targeting different prey types. Subantarctic krill (Euphausia vallentini) were consumed during deep dives, while small soft-bodied fish were captured on shallow dives or during the ascent phase of deep dives. Despite breeding in large colonies individuals seemed to be solitary foragers and did not engage with conspecifics in coordinated behaviour as seen in other group foraging penguin species. This potentially reflects the high abundance and low manoeuvrability of krill. Video data were used to validate prey capture signals in accelerometer data and a Support Vector Machine learning algorithm was developed to identify prey captures that occurred throughout the entire foraging trip. Prey capture rates indicated that Macaroni penguins continued to forage beyond the optimal give up time. However, bout-scale analysis revealed individuals terminated diving behaviour for reasons other than patch quality. These findings indicate that individuals make complex foraging decisions in relation to their proximate environment over multiple spatio-temporal scales. |
| Programme |
394 |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1432-1793 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
2037 |
| Permanent link to this record |
