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Author |
Ivan D. Haigh, Marta Marcos, Stefan A. Talke, Philip L. Woodworth, John R. Hunter, Ben S. Hague, Arne Arns, Elizabeth Bradshaw, Philip Thompson |
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Title |
GESLA Version 3: A major update to the global higher-frequency sea-level dataset |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Geoscience Data Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
293-314 |
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Keywords |
sea level records sea level rise storm surges storm tides tide gauge |
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Abstract |
This paper describes a major update to the quasi-global, higher-frequency sea-level dataset known as GESLA (Global Extreme Sea Level Analysis). Versions 1 (released 2009) and 2 (released 2016) of the dataset have been used in many published studies, across a wide range of oceanographic and coastal engineering-related investigations concerned with evaluating tides, storm surges, extreme sea levels, and other related processes. The third version of the dataset (released 2021), presented here, contains double the number of years of data, and nearly four times the number of records, compared to Version 2. The dataset consists of records obtained from multiple sources around the world. This paper describes the assembly of the dataset, its processing, and its format, and outlines potential future improvements. |
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688 |
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2049-6060 |
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yes |
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Serial  |
8571 |
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Author |
Anaïs Dasnon, Karine Delord, Adrien Chaigne, Christophe Barbraud |
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Title |
Fisheries bycatch mitigation measures as an efficient tool for the conservation of seabird populations |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Journal of Applied Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
59 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
1674-1685 |
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Abstract |
The impact of industrial fisheries on marine biodiversity is conspicuous in large pelagic vertebrate's fisheries bycatch. In seabirds, this led to the decline of many populations since the 1980s following the rise of global fishing effort. Bycatch mitigation measures were implemented since the 2000s, but their effects on the concerned seabird populations remain poorly quantified and understood. We studied the effects of bycatch mitigation measures on the demography of the white-chinned petrel, one of the most bycatch impacted seabirds whose populations suffered dramatic declines before the implementation of mitigation measures. To do so we (a) built multi-event capture–recapture models to estimate the demographic parameters of a population from Possession Island (southern Indian Ocean) over 30 years, (b) assessed the effect of climate and fishery covariates on demographic parameters, (c) built a population matrix model to estimate stochastic growth rate according to the management in fisheries bycatch and (d) estimated changes in breeding population density using distance sampling data. The population declined from the 1980s to the mid-2000s, while trawl and longline fisheries occurred with no bycatch mitigation measures. The negative effects of fishery bycatch through additive mortality and of rat predation on breeding success were likely the main drivers of this decline. Both modelled population growth rate and observed breeding densities showed an increase since the mid-2000s. We explained this trend by the improvement in survival probability following implementation of fishery bycatch mitigation measures and in breeding success probability with the local control of the rat population and changes in sea ice conditions on foraging grounds. Synthesis and applications. We provide a holistic approach to assess the effects of management measures by analysing datasets from sampling methods commonly employed in seabird studies. Our conclusions should encourage the eradication of invasive predatory species in seabird breeding areas and the strengthening of bycatch mitigation measures for the vulnerable seabird species, especially in international waters, but also the development of such measures considering the other marine large pelagic species threatened by fisheries bycatch (sharks, rays, turtles and marine mammals) since it could be crucial to avoid populations' extinction. |
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109 |
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ISSN |
1365-2664 |
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yes |
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8570 |
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Author |
Marjorie Roscian, Anthony Herrel, Paul Zaharias, Raphaël Cornette, Vincent Fernandez, Isabelle Kruta, Yves Cherel, Isabelle Rouget |
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Title |
Every hooked beak is maintained by a prey: Ecological signal in cephalopod beak shape |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Functional Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
36 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
2015-2028 |
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Keywords |
3D geometric morphometrics beak cephalopod ecology phylogenetic signal |
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Abstract |
Beaks are among the few hard parts of coleoid cephalopods and are informative for species identification. Although mandible shape has been shown to be adaptive in many vertebrate taxa, it has been suggested that the shape of coleoid beaks does not bear any ecological signal. Yet, previous studies only explored beak shape in 2D and none have provided an in-depth investigation of the potential relationship with ecological variables such as habitat use or diet. The goal of the present study was to understand whether variation in cephalopod beak shape reflects ecology and/or is more driven by phylogenetic relatedness as suggested previously. We imaged 101 lower and 108 upper beaks in 3D using underwater photogrammetry and micro-CT scanning. Our 3D morphometric analysis conducted on 75 species of cephalopod shows that there is a significant but moderate phylogenetic signal. However, comparative phylogenetically informed analyses demonstrate that beak shape is also driven by ecology. We detected significant differences in beak shape between species inhabiting different habitats (pelagic, benthic or demersal) and of different trophic levels. Our results further suggest that beak shape variation can be summarized along a continuum between two main functions: fast closing versus hard biting. These results provide novel insights into the drivers of beak shape diversity in coleoid cephalopods and suggest that beak shape has evolved adaptively in relation to diet and habitat use. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog. |
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109 |
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ISSN |
1365-2435 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8569 |
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Author |
V. Haberle, A. Marchaudon, A. Chambodut, P.-L. Blelly |
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Title |
Direct Determination of Geomagnetic Baselines During Quiet Periods for Low- and Mid-Latitude Observatories |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
127 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
e2022JA030407 |
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Keywords |
magnetic baseline magnetic observatory data quiet geomagnetic field Sq current |
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Abstract |
The geomagnetic field is composed of a variety of sources that act on a wide range of timescales and amplitudes. The separation of magnetic storm effects from quiet variations is needed to accurately quantify impacts of space weather events. The extraction of such quiet contributions within geomagnetic measurements is achieved by the determination of baselines, which, ideally, is done by a simple algorithm which captures quiet sources suitably well, while being applicable to an extensive network of magnetic observatories independent of the period of time. In this work, we apply signal filtering techniques on the horizontal components of geomagnetic field measurements from low- and mid-latitude observatories to determine baselines. The variations within the baseline are investigated for magnetically quiet periods between 1991 and 2019, focusing on long-term trends, seasonal and local time dependencies, and day-to-day variability. The analysis confirms that the contributing quiet sources include the secular variation and the solar quiet (Sq) current system. The non-negligible day-to-day variability, that is typical for Sq in low- and mid-latitudes, is embedded within the baseline. Thus, the filter approach extracts quiet magnetic field variations well. Comparisons with other baseline methods show good agreements. We conclude that the filter approach can be used to determine baselines automatically during magnetically quiet periods without the need of further apriori information and is applicable on a wide network of magnetic observatories. It marks the first step for deriving magnetic indices for (near) real-time space weather applications. |
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139 |
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ISSN |
2169-9402 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8568 |
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Author |
Yves Cherel, Karine Delord, Christophe Barbraud, Henri Weimerskirch |
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Title |
Diet, isotopic niche, and spatial distribution of the white-headed petrel (Pterodroma lessonii) at Kerguelen Islands |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Polar Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
45 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
1607-1621 |
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Keywords |
Fish Food Myctophidae Procellariiformes Seabirds Southern ocean Squid |
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Abstract |
The subantarctic white-headed petrel is unique amongst Procellariidae by its biennial breeding frequency. Its food and feeding ecology is poorly known with limited available bio-logging data and no dietary and isotopic information. Our goal was to detail its prey species and isotopic niche at Kerguelen Islands, which is the most important breeding site in the Indian Ocean. Analysis of stomach contents (n = 56) indicated chicks were fed on fish (68% by mass) and secondarily on cephalopods (26%), whilst crustaceans were minor dietary components. Mesopelagic fishes were the main prey, with myctophids and melamphaids being the most important fish family in terms of both abundance (50% and 15% of the fish, respectively) and diversity (10 and three species). Prey distribution indicated that petrels foraged primarily in subantarctic waters and secondarily further south to feed their chicks, which is corroborated by the lower blood δ13C values of fledglings (n = 10) than incubating adults (n = 9). Body feather δ13C values (n = 45) indicate that adult white-headed petrels moulted over different latitudinal habitats, from the subtropics to Antarctica where δ15N values showed they fed on low trophic-level prey (most likely Antarctic krill). Indeed, three geolocator-tracked birds ranged widely, from the mid-Atlantic (18° W) to the eastern Indian Ocean (110° E) and from the warmer Subtropical Zone (19% of the locations), across the Subantarctic Zone (58%) to the colder Antarctic Zone (23%). Neither fishery-related items nor plastic debris were found in chick food samples, thus indicating no significant interactions with human activities, which is a key positive issue for the conservation of white-headed petrels. |
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109 |
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ISSN |
1432-2056 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8567 |
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Author |
Émile Brisson-Curadeau, Kyle Elliott, Charles-André Bost |
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Title |
Contrasting bottom-up effects of warming ocean on two king penguin populations |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Global Change Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
29 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
998-1008 |
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Keywords |
breeding success climate change king penguin marine ecosystem ocean temperature Southern Ocean |
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Abstract |
Breeding success is often correlated with climate, but the underlying bottom-up mechanisms remain elusive—particularly in marine environments. Consequently, conservation plans of many species often consider climate change as a unilateral threat, ignoring that even nearby populations can show contradicting trends with climate. Better understanding the relationship between climate and environment at different scales can help us interpret local differences in population trends, ultimately providing better tools to evaluate the global response of a species to threats such as global warming. We studied a growing king penguin population nesting at Kerguelen island (Southern Indian Ocean), hosting one of the largest colonies in the world. We used a unique dataset of foraging, breeding success, and climate data spanning over 25 years to examine the links between climate, marine environment, and breeding success at this colony. The results were then compared to the neighboring population of Crozet, which experienced the steepest decline for this species over the past few decades. At Crozet, penguins experienced lower breeding success in warmer years due to productive currents shifting away from the colony, affecting foraging behavior during chick rearing. At Kerguelen, while chick mass and survival experienced extreme variation from year to year, the annual variation was not associated with the position of the currents, which varied very little compared to the situation in Crozet. Rather than being affected by prey distribution shifts, we found evidence that chick provisioning in Kerguelen might be influenced by prey abundance, which seem to rather increase in warmer conditions. Furthermore, warmer air temperature in winter increased chick survival rate, likely due to reduced thermoregulation cost. Investigating the mechanisms between climate and fitness allowed us to predict two different fates for these populations regarding ongoing global warming. |
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394 |
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ISSN |
1365-2486 |
ISBN |
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yes |
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Serial |
8566 |
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Author |
Sebastián Rosenfeld, Claudia S. Maturana, Hamish G. Spencer, Peter Convey, Thomas Saucède, Paul Brickle, Francisco Bahamonde, Quentin Jossart, Elie Poulin, Claudio Gonzalez-Wevar |
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Title |
Complete distribution of the genus Laevilitorina (Littorinimorpha, Littorinidae) in the Southern Hemisphere: remarks and natural history |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
ZooKeys |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
1127 |
Issue |
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Pages |
61-77 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Littorinid snails are present in most coastal areas globally, playing a significant role in the ecology of intertidal communities. Laevilitorina is a marine gastropod genus distributed exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere, with 21 species reported from South America, the sub-Antarctic islands, Antarctica, New Zealand, Australia and Tasmania. Here, an updated database of 21 species generated from a combination of sources is presented: 1) new field sampling data; 2) published records; 3) the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and The Atlas of Living Australia (ALA), to provide a comprehensive description of the known geographic distribution of the genus and detailed occurrences for each of the 21 species. The database includes 813 records (occurrences), 53 from field sampling, 174 from the literature, 128 from GBIF, and 458 from ALA. West Antarctica had the highest species richness (8 species), followed by sub-Antarctic islands of New Zealand (4 species) and the south-east shelf of Australia (4 species). The provinces of Magellan, New Zealand South Island, and sub-Antarctic Islands of the Indian Ocean include two species each. This study specifically highlights reports of L. pygmaea and L. venusta, species that have been almost unrecorded since their description. Recent advances in molecular studies of L. caliginosa showed that this species does not correspond to a widely distributed taxon, but to multiple divergent lineages distributed throughout the Southern Ocean. Ongoing molecular and taxonomic studies are necessary for a better understanding of the diversity and biogeography of this genus. |
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1044 |
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ISSN |
1313-2970 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8565 |
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Author |
Karine Delord, Yves Cherel, Amédée Roy, Paco Bustamante, Kerrie M. Swadling, Henri Weimerskirch, Charles-André Bost, Christophe Barbraud |
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Title |
At-sea behavioural ecology of the endangered MacGillivray’s prion from Saint Paul Island: combining tracking and stable isotopes |
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Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
697 |
Issue |
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Pages |
149-165 |
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Keywords |
Activity pattern At-sea distribution Bill width Geolocation GPS Pachyptila macgillivrayi Seabirds Southern Indian Ocean Trophic position |
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Abstract |
Seabirds play important roles as marine ecosystem sentinels. Studying their at-sea ecology is essential for understanding how environmental variability affects their populations. However, the at-sea ecology of small-sized temperate seabirds remains poorly studied. We explored the at-sea ecology of the Critically Endangered MacGillivray’s prion Pachyptila macgillivrayi breeding on the subtropical Saint Paul Island. Using global location sensor loggers and stable isotope analysis, we investigated movements, migratory strategies, at-sea activity and moulting period, and characterized the isotopic niche of tracked individuals. During incubation, MacGillivray’s prions remained in temperate waters north of the Subtropical Front, possibly feeding on prey caught in cold eddies. During the inter-breeding period, individuals wintered almost equally to the north and south of the Subtropical Front in 2 distinct sectors (Tasman Sea and Southwest Indian Ridge). Daily activity varied seasonally, and individuals overwintering in the Tasman Sea spent more time flying at night when moonlight intensity was high. Moulting occurred after the breeding period and lasted longer compared to other prion species. Isotopic data suggest a higher dietary proportion of low trophic-level prey for MacGillivray’s prions than for Antarctic and slender-billed prions, highlighting trophic segregation in relation to bill width. Our study provides new evidence to understand the suite of adaptations allowing the abundant prion species to coexist by feeding on prey of different sizes. Contrary to the majority of seabird species, MacGillivray’s prions from Saint Paul Island exhibited 2 migratory tactics with associated differences in at-sea activity, leading to questions about the origin of these differences. |
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109,394 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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8564 |
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Author |
Kyriakos Balidakis, Roman Sulzbach, Linus Shihora, Christoph Dahle, Robert Dill, Henryk Dobslaw |
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Title |
Atmospheric Contributions to Global Ocean Tides for Satellite Gravimetry |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
e2022MS003193 |
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Keywords |
atmospheric forcing atmospheric tides de-aliasing ERA5 GRACE-FO ocean tides |
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Abstract |
To mitigate temporal aliasing effects in monthly mean global gravity fields from the GRACE and GRACE-FO satellite tandem missions, both tidal and non-tidal background models describing high-frequency mass variability in atmosphere and oceans are needed. To quantify tides in the atmosphere, we exploit the higher spatial (31 km) and temporal (1 hr) resolution provided by the latest atmospheric ECMWF reanalysis, ERA5. The oceanic response to atmospheric tides is subsequently modeled with the general ocean circulation model MPIOM (in a recently revised TP10L40 configuration that includes the feedback of self-attraction and loading to the momentum equations and has an improved bathymetry around Antarctica) as well as the shallow water model TiME (employing a much higher spatial resolution and more elaborate tidal dissipation than MPIOM). Both ocean models consider jointly the effects of atmospheric pressure variations and surface wind stress. We present the characteristics of 16 waves beating at frequencies in the 1–6 cpd band and find that TiME typically outperforms the corresponding results from MPIOM and also FES2014b as measured from comparisons with tide gauge data. Moreover, we note improvements in GRACE-FO laser ranging interferometer range-acceleration pre-fit residuals when employing the ocean tide solutions from TiME, in particular, for the S1 spectral line with most notable improvements around Australia, India, and the northern part of South America. |
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688 |
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ISSN |
1942-2466 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8563 |
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Author |
Jordi Diaz |
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Title |
Atmosphere-solid earth coupling signals generated by the 15 January 2022 Hunga-Tonga eruption |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Communications Earth & Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-8 |
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Keywords |
Geophysics Natural hazards Seismology Volcanology |
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Abstract |
The January 15th 2022 eruption of the Hunga-Tonga volcano was associated to one of the highest energy volcanic explosions of the past few decades. Here we present a compilation of data from global seismic networks to explore three main topics: the time evolution of the eruption, the propagation of the atmospheric waves around the Earth and the low-frequency, long-lasting seismic signals worldwide after the main event. We find that the eruption started around 04:00, included two large explosions at 05:30 and 08:25 and produced atmospheric waves which circled the Earth more than two times during a time span of 3.5 days and were detected seismically. We also identify very low frequency signals, detected over several hours, which we interpret as resulting from the excitation of Earth normal modes. To our knowledge, there are no previous examples of atmospheric-solid Earth coupling over such a long time interval and only two examples of normal mode excitation following volcanic eruptions. |
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133 |
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Publisher |
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Original Title |
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Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2662-4435 |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8562 |
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