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Priyashkumar Mistry, Kamlesh Pathak, Aniket Prasad, Georgios Lekkas, Surendra Bhattarai, Sarvesh Gharat, Mousam Maity, Dhruv Kumar, Karen A. Collins, Richard P. Schwarz, Christopher R. Mann, Elise Furlan, Steve B. Howell, David Ciardi, Allyson Bieryla, Elisabeth C. Matthews, Erica Gonzales, Carl Ziegler, Ian Crossfield, Steven Giacalone, Thiam-Guan Tan, Phil Evans, Krzysztof G. Hełminiak, Kevin I. Collins, Norio Narita, Akihiko Fukui, Francisco J. Pozuelos, Courtney Dressing, Abderahmane Soubkiou, Zouhair Benkhaldoun, Joshua E. Schlieder, Olga Suarez, Khalid Barkaoui, Enric Palle, Felipe Murgas, Gregor Srdoc, Maria V. Goliguzova, Ivan A. Strakhov, Crystal Gnilka, Kathryn Lester, Colin Littlefield, Nic Scott, Rachel Matson, Michaël Gillon, Emmanuel Jehin, Mathilde Timmermans, Mourad Ghachoui, Lyu Abe, Philippe Bendjoya, Tristan Guillot, Amaury H. M. J. Triaud |
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Title |
VaTEST. II. Statistical Validation of 11 TESS-detected Exoplanets Orbiting K-type Stars |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
The Astronomical Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
166 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
9 |
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Abstract |
NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is an all-sky survey mission designed to find transiting exoplanets orbiting nearby bright stars. It has identified more than 329 transiting exoplanets, and almost 6000 candidates remain unvalidated. In this manuscript, we discuss the findings from the ongoing Validation of Transiting Exoplanets using Statistical Tools (VaTEST) project, which aims to validate new exoplanets for further characterization. We validated 11 new exoplanets by examining the light curves of 24 candidates using the LATTE and TESS-Plot tools and computing the false-positive probabilities using the statistical validation tool TRICERATOPS. These include planets suitable for atmospheric characterization using transmission spectroscopy (TOI-2194b), emission spectroscopy (TOI-3082b and TOI-5704b) and for both transmission and emission spectroscopy (TOI-672b, TOI-1694b, and TOI-2443b). Our validated planets have one super-Earth (TOI-2194b) orbiting a bright (V = 8.42 mag), metal-poor ([Fe/H] = −0.3720 ± 0.1) star, and one short-period Neptune-like planet (TOI-5704) in the hot-Neptune desert. In total, we validated one super-Earth, seven sub-Neptunes, one Neptune-like, and two sub-Saturn or super-Neptune-like exoplanets. Additionally, we identify five likely planet candidates (TOI-323, TOI-1180, TOI-2200, TOI-2408, and TOI-3913), which can be further studied to establish their planetary nature. |
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1066 |
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1538-3881 |
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yes |
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8621 |
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Taiki Adachi, Philip Lovell, James Turnbull, Mike A. Fedak, Baptiste Picard, Christophe Guinet, Martin Biuw, Theresa R. Keates, Rachel R. Holser, Daniel P. Costa, Daniel E. Crocker, Patrick J. O. Miller |
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Title |
Body condition changes at sea: Onboard calculation and telemetry of body density in diving animals |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Methods in Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1457-1474 |
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Keywords |
animal health bio-logging body density buoyancy marine mammal real-time monitoring satellite transmission |
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Abstract |
The ability of marine mammals to accumulate sufficient lipid energy reserves is vital for mammals' survival and successful reproduction. However, long-term monitoring of at-sea changes in body condition, specifically lipid stores, has only been possible in elephant seals performing prolonged drift dives (low-density lipids alter the rates of depth change while drifting). This approach has limited applicability to other species. Using hydrodynamic performance analysis during transit glides, we developed and validated a novel satellite-linked data logger that calculates real-time changes in body density (∝lipid stores). As gliding is ubiquitous amongst divers, the system can assess body condition in a broad array of diving animals. The tag processes high sampling rate depth and three-axis acceleration data to identify 5 s high pitch angle glide segments at depths >100 m. Body density is estimated for each glide using gliding speed and pitch to quantify drag versus buoyancy forces acting on the gliding animal. We used tag data from 24 elephant seals (Mirounga spp.) to validate the onboard calculation of body density relative to drift rate. The new tags relayed body density estimates over 200 days and documented lipid store accumulation during migration with good correspondence between changes in body density and drift rate. Our study provided updated drag coefficient values for gliding (Cd,f = 0.03) and drifting (Cd,s = 0.12) elephant seals, both substantially lower than previous estimates. We also demonstrated post-hoc estimation of the gliding drag coefficient and body density using transmitted data, which is especially useful when drag parameters cannot be estimated with sufficient accuracy before tag deployment. Our method has the potential to advance the field of marine biology by switching the research paradigm from indirectly inferring animal body condition from foraging effort to directly measuring changes in body condition relative to foraging effort, habitat, ecological factors and anthropogenic stressors in the changing oceans. Expanding the method to account for diving air volumes will expand the system's applicability to shallower-diving (<100 m) species, facilitating real-time monitoring of body condition in a broad range of breath-hold divers. |
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109, 1201 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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2041-210X |
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yes |
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8620 |
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Nairita Pal, Kristin N. Barton, Mark R. Petersen, Steven R. Brus, Darren Engwirda, Brian K. Arbic, Andrew F. Roberts, Joannes J. Westerink, Damrongsak Wirasaet |
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Title |
Barotropic tides in MPAS-Ocean (E3SM V2): impact of ice shelf cavities |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Geoscientific Model Development |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1297-1314 |
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Abstract |
Oceanic tides are seldom represented in Earth system models (ESMs) owing to the need for high horizontal resolution to accurately represent the associated barotropic waves close to coasts. This paper presents results of tides implemented in the Model for Prediction Across Scales–Ocean or MPAS-Ocean, which is the ocean component within the U.S. Department of Energy developed Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM). MPAS-Ocean circumvents the limitation of low resolution using unstructured global meshing. We are at this stage simulating the largest semidiurnal (M2, S2, N2) and diurnal (K1, O1) tidal constituents in a single-layer version of MPAS-O. First, we show that the tidal constituents calculated using MPAS-Ocean closely agree with the results of the global tidal prediction model TPXO8 when suitably tuned topographic wave drag and bottom drag coefficients are employed. Thereafter, we present the sensitivity of global tidal evolution due to the presence of Antarctic ice shelf cavities. The effect of ice shelves on the amplitude and phase of tidal constituents are presented. Lower values of complex errors (with respect to TPXO8 results) for the M2 tidal constituents are observed when the ice shelf is added in the simulations, with particularly strong improvement in the Southern Ocean. Our work points towards future research with varying Antarctic ice shelf geometries and sea ice coupling that might lead to better comparison and prediction of tides and thus better prediction of sea-level rise and also the future climate variability. |
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688 |
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1991-959X |
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yes |
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8619 |
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Author |
Melissa L. Grunst, Andrea S. Grunst, David Grémillet, Jérôme Fort |
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Title |
Avian Energetics in a Warming Arctic |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
104 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
e2073 |
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Abstract |
The Arctic is warming nearly four times as rapidly as other regions of the planet, challenging the capacity of organisms to cope with shifting resources and maintain thermal balance. Tracking responses of free-living animals in dynamic environments can be challenging, but is increasingly enabled by advanced biologging approaches. We used data gathered from miniaturized bird-borne devices to demonstrate increases in energy expenditure with declining sea ice conditions and warming sea surface temperatures in a dove-sized seabird, the little auk (also named dovekie; Alle alle). This keystone species feeds on sea ice-associated copepods and inhabits large breeding colonies in the High Arctic. |
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388 |
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2327-6096 |
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yes |
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8618 |
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Melissa L. Grunst, Andrea S. Grunst, David Grémillet, Akiko Kato, Paco Bustamante, Céline Albert, Émile Brisson-Curadeau, Manon Clairbaux, Marta Cruz-Flores, Sophie Gentès, Antoine Grissot, Samuel Perret, Eric Ste-Marie, Dariusz Jakubas, Katarzyna Wojczulanis-Jakubas, Jérôme Fort |
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Title |
A keystone avian predator faces elevated energy expenditure in a warming Arctic |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
104 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
e4034 |
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Keywords |
activity budgets climate change daily energy expenditure dovekie ecotoxicology mercury plasticity sea surface temperature |
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Abstract |
Climate change is transforming bioenergetic landscapes, challenging behavioral and physiological coping mechanisms. A critical question involves whether animals can adjust behavioral patterns and energy expenditure to stabilize fitness given reconfiguration of resource bases, or whether limits to plasticity ultimately compromise energy balance. In the Arctic, rapidly warming temperatures are transforming food webs, making Arctic organisms strong models for understanding biological implications of climate change-related environmental variability. We examined plasticity in the daily energy expenditure (DEE) of an Arctic seabird, the little auk (Alle alle) in response to variability in climate change-sensitive drivers of resource availability, sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice coverage (SIC), and tested the hypothesis that energetic ceilings and exposure to mercury, an important neurotoxin and endocrine disrupter in marine ecosystems, may limit scope for plasticity. To estimate DEE, we used accelerometer data obtained across years from two colonies exposed to distinct environmental conditions (Ukaleqarteq [UK], East Greenland; Hornsund [HS], Svalbard). We proceeded to model future changes in SST to predict energetic impacts. At UK, high flight costs linked to low SIC and high SST drove DEE from below to above 4 × basal metabolic rate (BMR), a proposed energetic threshold for breeding birds. However, DEE remained below 7 × BMR, an alternative threshold, and did not plateau. Birds at HS experienced higher, relatively invariable SST, and operated above 4 × BMR. Mercury exposure was unrelated to DEE, and fitness remained stable. Thus, plasticity in DEE currently buffers fitness, providing resiliency against climate change. Nevertheless, modeling suggests that continued warming of SST may promote accelerating increases in DEE, which may become unsustainable. |
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388 |
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ISSN |
1939-9170 |
ISBN |
1939-9170 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8617 |
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Author |
Gaia Piccioni, Denise Dettmering, Wolfgang Bosch, Florian Seitz |
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Title |
TICON: TIdal CONstants based on GESLA sea-level records from globally located tide gauges |
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Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Geoscience Data Journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
97-104 |
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Keywords |
GESLA tide gauge tides |
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Abstract |
The TICON (TIdal CONstants) dataset contains harmonic constants of 40 tidal constituents computed for 1,145 tide gauges distributed globally. The tidal estimations are based on publicly available sea level records of the second version of the Global Extreme Sea Level Analysis (GESLA) project and were derived through a least squares-based harmonic analysis on the single time series. A preliminary screening was performed on all records to exclude doubtful observations. Only the records containing more than 70% of valid measurements were processed, that correspond to 89.7% of the total 1,276 original public GESLA records. The results are stored in a text file, and include additional information on the position of the stations, the starting and ending years of the analysed record, the estimated error of the fit, a code that corresponds to the source of the record and additional information on the single time series. In ocean tide models, data from in situ stations are used for validation purposes, and TICON is a useful and easy-to-handle data set that allows the users to select the records according to different criteria most suitable for their purposes. The data are provided with DOI identification in the PANGAEA repository. |
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688 |
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ISSN |
2049-6060 |
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yes |
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8616 |
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Author |
Philip L. Woodworth |
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Title |
The global distribution of the M1 ocean tide |
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Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Ocean Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
431-442 |
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Abstract |
The worldwide distribution of the small degree-3 M1 ocean tide is investigated using a quasi-global data set of over 800 tide gauge records and a global tide model. M1 is confirmed to have a geographical variation in the Atlantic consistent with the suggestion of Platzman (1984b) and Cartwright (1975) that M1 is generated in the ocean as a consequence of the spatial and temporal overlap of M1 in the tidal potential and one (or at least a small number of) diurnal ocean normal mode(s). As a consequence, it is particularly strong around the UK and on North Sea coasts (amplitudes ∼10 mm). This analysis shows that their suggestion is also consistent to a great extent with the observed small amplitudes in the Pacific and Indian oceans. However, there are differences at the regional and local level which require much further study via more sophisticated ocean tidal modelling. By contrast, what is called the M1' tide (a combination of several degree-2 lines in the tidal potential with frequencies close to that of M1) is shown to have a geographical distribution consistent with expectations from other degree-2 diurnal tides, apart from locations such as around the UK where tidal interactions introduce complications. As far as I know, this is the first time that these small tidal constituents have been mapped on a global basis and, in particular, the first time that the ocean response to the degree-3 component of the tidal potential has been investigated globally. |
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688 |
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ISSN |
1812-0784 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8615 |
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Author |
Jochen Hinkel, John A. Church, Jonathan M. Gregory, Erwin Lambert, Gonéri Le Cozannet, Jason Lowe, Kathleen L. McInnes, Robert J. Nicholls, Thomas D. van der Pol, Roderik van de Wal |
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Title |
Meeting User Needs for Sea Level Rise Information: A Decision Analysis Perspective |
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Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Earth's Future |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
320-337 |
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Keywords |
climate service coastal adaptation robust decision making sea-level rise information |
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Abstract |
Despite widespread efforts to implement climate services, there is almost no literature that systematically analyzes users' needs. This paper addresses this gap by applying a decision analysis perspective to identify what kind of mean sea level rise (SLR) information is needed for local coastal adaptation decisions. We first characterize these decisions, then identify suitable decision analysis approaches and the sea level information required, and finally discuss if and how these information needs can be met given the state of the art of sea level science. We find that four types of information are needed: (i) probabilistic predictions for short-term decisions when users are uncertainty tolerant; (ii) high-end and low-end SLR scenarios chosen for different levels of uncertainty tolerance; (iii) upper bounds of SLR for users with a low uncertainty tolerance; and (iv) learning scenarios derived from estimating what knowledge will plausibly emerge about SLR over time. Probabilistic predictions can only be attained for the near term (i.e., 2030–2050) before SLR significantly diverges between low and high emission scenarios, for locations for which modes of climate variability are well understood and the vertical land movement contribution to local sea levels is small. Meaningful SLR upper bounds cannot be defined unambiguously from a physical perspective. Low- to high-end scenarios for different levels of uncertainty tolerance and learning scenarios can be produced, but this involves both expert and user judgments. The decision analysis procedure elaborated here can be applied to other types of climate information that are required for mitigation and adaptation purposes. |
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688 |
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ISSN |
2328-4277 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8614 |
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Author |
Thomas M. Urban, Jeffrey T. Rasic, Claire Alix, Douglas D. Anderson, Linda Chisholm, Robert W. Jacob, Sturt W. Manning, Owen K. Mason, Andrew H. Tremayne, Dale Vinson |
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Title |
Magnetic detection of archaeological hearths in Alaska: A tool for investigating the full span of human presence at the gateway to North America |
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Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Quaternary Science Reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
211 |
Issue |
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Pages |
73-92 |
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Keywords |
Alaska Arctic Arctic small tool Bering land bridge Beringia Birnirk Denbigh Hearth Inupiat Magnetometer Northern Archaic Norton Ocean Bay Paleoarctic Pleistocene Thule |
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Abstract |
Magnetic survey methods have recently shown tremendous potential for the detection of archaeological hearths in Eastern Beringia, ranging from intermittent open-air camp fires to larger heat intensive activity areas. Here we present an overview of the method along with eight supporting case studies from seven U.S. National Park Service units in the U.S. state of Alaska, covering diverse geographic settings and time-periods. Together, these case studies demonstrate the capabilities of magnetic detection instruments in various modes of operation for finding datable archaeological deposits that span the breadth of known human occupation of this region. The examples range from the simplest use of the magnetometer as a single sensor reconnaissance instrument in a “search mode”, to use as a gradiometer in conjunction with other geophysical methods such as ground-penetrating radar, to record precise measurements and inform nuanced interpretations. Examples presented here range from the terminal Pleistocene to historic periods, spanning 12,000 years of human activity in Eastern Beringia, and encompassing the arrival, emergence, and expansion of multiple human groups or cultural traditions in the New World. |
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1217 |
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ISSN |
0277-3791 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8613 |
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Author |
Guillaume Delpech, James M. Scott, Michel Grégoire, Bertrand N. Moine, Dongxu Li, Jingao Liu, D. Graham Pearson, Quinten H. A. van der Meer, Tod E. Waight, Gilbert Michon, Damien Guillaume, Suzanne Y. O'Reilly, Jean-Yves Cottin, André Giret |
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Title |
The subantarctic lithospheric mantle |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Geological Society, London, Memoirs |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
56 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
115-132 |
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Abstract |
We present a summary of peridotite in the Subantarctic (46–60° S) surrounding the Antarctic Plate. Peridotite xenoliths occur on the Kerguelen Islands and Auckland Islands. The Kerguelen Islands are underlain by a plume, whereas the Auckland Islands are part of continental Zealandia, which is a Gondwana-rifted fragment. Small amounts of serpentinized peridotite has been dredged from fracture zones on the Southeast Indian Ridge, Southwest Indian Ridge and Pacific Antarctic Ridge, and represent upwelled asthenosphere accreted to form lithosphere. Suprasubduction-zone peridotite was collected from two locations on the Sandwich Plate. Peridotites from most subantarctic occurrences are moderately to highly depleted, and many show signs of subsequent metasomatic enrichment. Os isotopes indicate that subantarctic continental and oceanic lithospheric mantle contains ancient fragments that underwent depletion long before formation of the overlying crust. |
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yes |
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8612 |
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