| Records |
| Author |
Chambert T, Pardo D, Choquet R, Staszewski V, McCoy Karen D, Tveraa Torkild, Boulinier Thierry, |
| Title |
Heterogeneity in detection probability along the breeding season in Black-legged Kittiwakes: implications for sampling design
|
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Journal of Ornithology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Ornithol. |
| Volume |
|
Issue |
|
Pages |
1 -10-10 |
| Keywords |
biomedical life sciences, |
| Abstract |
In wild animal population studies, capture heterogeneity is likely to be prevalent and can reduce the accuracy of vital rate estimates. Here, we test how individual detection probabilities vary through the breeding season in a population of a cliff-nesting colonial seabird, the Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla). Specifically, we expected detection probability to be affected by changes in brooding behavior and nest attendance associated with the breeding phenology and the local breeding performance of individuals. As predicted, we found that strong heterogeneities in detection probability can occur in relation to the breeding performance of individuals, the breeding performance of their neighbors, and the timing of surveys. Detection probability is highest and most homogeneous at the beginning of the breeding season. Later in the season, it is lower and can vary dramatically among groups of breeding individuals. A simulation approach was used to assess the implications of these results for the performance (bias and precision) of different study designs. Clearly, investing sampling effort early in the season is an efficient way to improve the accuracy of parameter estimates in this species. Our findings stress the importance of establishing study designs that take into account the population and behavioral ecology of the focal species.
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| Programme |
333 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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Publisher  |
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0021-8375 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
2346 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
Pisanu Benoît, Caut Stéphane, Gutjahr Sylvain, Vernon Philippe, Chapuis Jean-Louis, |
| Title |
Introduced black rats Rattus rattus on Ile de la Possession (Iles Crozet, Subantarctic): diet and trophic position in food webs
|
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Polar Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Polar Biol. |
| Volume |
34 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
169-180 -180 |
| Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences, |
| Abstract |
Rats introduced on islands can affect ecosystem structure and function by feeding on terrestrial plants and both marine and terrestrial animals. The diet and trophic position of Rattus rattus introduced on Ile de la Possession (Iles Crozet) was assessed from two sites, according to the presence or absence of a king penguin colony. We used three complementary assays: macroanalyses of the stomach, faecal microhistology, and stable isotope analyses of 15N/13C in liver. Near the rookery, spermatophytes contributed on average 50% (confidential interval: 2375) to the diet based on isotopes, mainly consisting in reproductive parts of Poa spp., Agrostis magellanica, and Cerastium fontanum identified in faeces. Terrestrial animal preys were represented by insects that contributed 25% (056) in isotopes, dominated in faeces by caterpillars of Pringleophaga spp. and adult weevils. Bird remains were found in faeces, forming 18% (630) of isotopes. Terrestrial earthworms contributed to 7% (021), with chaetae observed in faeces. On the other site, spermatophytes represented 62% (5173) of assimilated food in rats livers, mainly formed by Poaceae and Acaena magellanica, insects by caterpillars [24% (1039)], and terrestrial earthworms [13% (223)]. Our results suggest that rats, which were found at the top of terrestrial food chains, may have a direct role on a such simplified ecosystem, by preying on the most abundant and largest body-sized terrestrial invertebrates,e.g. the keystone species Pringleophaga spp., and by feeding on both reproductive and vegetative parts of autochthonous and introduced plants. The discrepancies and usefulness of employing both isotopes and faecal analyses are discussed. |
| Programme |
136 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0722-4060 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
2671 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
Authier Matthieu, Delord Karine, Guinet Christophe, |
| Title |
Population trends of female Elephant Seals breeding on the Courbet Peninsula, îles Kerguelen
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Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Polar Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Polar Biol. |
| Volume |
34 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
319-328 |
| Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences, |
| Abstract |
Southern Elephant Seals are upper marine predators of the Southern Ocean. As such, their population dynamics and fluctuations reflect environment conditions. Their worldwide populations crashed during the second half of the twentieth century for reasons not yet completely elucidated. Here, we studied the largest population of Southern Elephant Seals within the South Indian Ocean that are breeding on îles Kerguelen. In a previous analysis, Guinet et al. in Antarct Sci 11:193197, 1999) suggested that the decline on îles Kerguelen might be over, as observed elsewhere. Using 10 years of additional data, we updated this analysis using state-of-the-art statistical methods to account for most uncertainties associated with count data. We showed that the population of female Southern Elephant Seals breeding on îles Kerguelen has been stable over the past 20 years. Despite concomitant global changes within the Southern Ocean, we did not find any evidence of a phenological shift in peak haul-out date of breeding females between the 1970s and the 2000s. |
| Programme |
109 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
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| ISSN |
0722-4060 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
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Conference |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
2720 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Mazzei F, Ghigliotti L, Coutanceau Jean-Pierre, Detrich H, Prirodina V, Ozouf-Costaz C, Pisano E, |
| Title |
Chromosomal characteristics of the temperate notothenioid fish Eleginops maclovinus (Cuvier)
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Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Polar Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Polar Biol. |
| Volume |
31 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
629-634 |
| Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences, |
| Abstract |
The Falklands mullet, Eleginops maclovinus , is the only modern representative of the Sub-Antarctic family Eleginopidae, suborder Notothenioidei. Based on specimens from the Falkland Islands/Islas Malvinas, the Magellan Straits, and the southern coast of Chile, we have established the specific karyotype by conventional cytogenetic methods and have mapped the chromosomal loci of the ribosomal genes by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). With respect to the basal notothenioid family Bovichtidae and to the hypothetical basal condition of the suborder (diploid number = 48, fundamental number = 48), E. maclovinus displays a slightly derived karyotype (diploid number = 48, fundamental number = 54). In contrast to the bovichtids, the 45S and 5S ribosomal DNAs are co-localized to a single chromosome pair. Condensation of the ribosomal genes to a single locus is likely to represent an intermediate stage in the evolution of notothenioid karyology. Features unique to E. maclovinus (e.g., morphology of its large, rDNA-bearing chromosome pair) probably result from divergence during the long evolutionary isolation of the family. |
| Programme |
1124 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
|
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0722-4060 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
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Conference |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
2824 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
Saiz J, García F, Manjón-Cabeza M, Parapar J, Peña-Cantero A, Saucède T, Troncoso J, Ramos A, |
| Title |
Community structure and spatial distribution of benthic fauna in the Bellingshausen Sea (West Antarctica)
|
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Polar Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Polar Biol. |
| Volume |
31 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
735-743 |
| Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences, |
| Abstract |
The structure and spatial distribution of the macrofauna community of the Bellingshausen Sea in the western sector of Antarctica was studied during the BENTART06 oceanographic expedition. This is one of the least explored Antarctic seas. A total of 20 box cores were sampled at 11 stations ranging from 157 to 3,304 m depth, using an USNEL-type box corer (BC) dredge. Representatives of 25 higher taxa of invertebrates were collected. Deeper sampling sites were less rich in taxa (47 taxa), whereas the figures were higher at shallower sites (up to 17 taxa). Faunal density on the sea bottom revealed a horizontal spatial gradient from the western sites with extremely low figures (90 indiv./m 2 ) towards the eastern ones with the highest figures (1,360 indiv./m 2 ) close to the Antarctic Peninsula. Several abiotic factors (depth, redox, organic matter, carbonates and particle size of surficial sediments) were measured simultaneously on the sea floor to characterise the substrate preferences of the fauna. Positive correlations were found between the faunal distribution and a combination of depth, redox values, and organic matter content of sediments. This indicates decreasing availability of food in the deeper bottoms of the Bellingshausen Sea with a prevalence of depauperated bottoms dominated almost exclusively by a foraminiferans community. |
| Programme |
1124 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0722-4060 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
2825 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Beaune David, Le Bohec Céline, Lucas Fabrice, Gauthier-Clerc Michel, Le Maho Yvon, |
| Title |
Stomach stones in king penguin chicks
|
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Polar Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Polar Biol. |
| Volume |
32 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
593-597 |
| Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences, |
| Abstract |
Many animals that possess a gizzard swallow stones or sandy grit, supposedly to aid in the mechanical breakdown of food. While this has been well documented in the literature, our study is the first to report the presence of stones in the gizzard of king penguin chicks. We found stones, so called gastroliths, in the pyloric region of the gizzard, the part of the digestive tract that is specialised for the mechanical breakdown of food. Stones were already present in the gizzard of chicks and, hence, during the first year of the life of king penguins, which is spent on land. Some chicks were found to have more than 130 stones (0.522 mm in size) in their gizzard. The gastroliths we found in king penguins are of the same geological origin as rocks present at the colony, which suggests that birds swallowed them there. The functional role of gastroliths in penguin chicks and adults is still unknown. We discuss the potential roles that these gastroliths might play in king penguins (i.e. aid in digestion, buoyancy control during foraging at sea, adaptation to fasting). |
| Programme |
137 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0722-4060 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
2871 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Chang Chung-Ming, Lebarbenchon Camille, Gauthier-Clerc Michel, Le Bohec Céline, Beaune David, Le Maho Yvon, van der Werf Sylvie, |
| Title |
Molecular surveillance for avian influenza A virus in king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus)
|
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Polar Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Polar Biol. |
| Volume |
32 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
663-665 |
| Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences, |
| Abstract |
An investigation of the presence of influenza A virus has been conducted in king penguins ( Aptenodytes patagonicus ) at the Possession Island in the Crozet Archipelago, Antarctica, using a rapid molecular diagnostic method based on real-time polymerase chain reaction. No evidence of outbreak or positive viral infection of influenza A virus was found in this study. We however recommend the implementation of long-term surveillance in seabird populations of polar ecosystems to detect the potential introduction of exotic strains and potential existence of a local epidemiological cycle for avian influenza viruses. |
| Programme |
137 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
|
Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0722-4060 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
2872 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Connan Maëlle, Mayzaud Patrick, Duhamel Guy, Bonnevie Bo, Cherel Yves, |
| Title |
Fatty acid signature analysis documents the diet of five myctophid fish from the Southern Ocean
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Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Marine Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
157 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
2303-2316 |
| Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences, |
| Abstract |
Fatty acid (FA) and fatty alcohol (FAlc) compositions of both total lipid and neutral lipid fractions were studied for five myctophid species sampled in Kerguelen waters. Both qualitative and quantitative FA signature analyses were then performed to investigate their diet over longer time scales than the conventional stomach content analysis. Regarding their lipid class, FA and FAlc compositions, the five species could be discriminated into two groups: wax-ester-rich species ( Electrona antarctica , Krefftichthys anderssoni ) characterised by large amounts of monounsaturated FAs (>73% of total FAs) and triacylglycerol-rich species ( Electrona carlsbergi , Gymnoscopelus nicholsi , Protomyctophum bolini ) with major amounts of saturated and monounsaturated FAs (>29 and >46% of total FAs, respectively). Qualitative and quantitative FA analyses showed that K. anderssoni mainly preyed upon copepods, E. antarctica upon copepods and more euphausiids and P. bolini and E. carlsbergi mainly upon euphausiids with some copepods, while G. nicholsi had a more diverse diet. This study shows the usefulness of quantitative statistical analysis to determine the diet of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic predators and stresses the need of increasing the lipid and FA analyses of more zooplanktonic and micro-nektonic marine species. |
| Programme |
109 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0025-3162 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
2980 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Guinard Geoffrey, Marchand Didier, Courant Frédéric, Gauthier-Clerc Michel, Le Bohec Céline, |
| Title |
Morphology, ontogenesis and mechanics of cervical vertebrae in four species of penguins (Aves: Spheniscidae)
|
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Polar Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Polar Biol. |
| Volume |
33 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
807-822 |
| Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences, |
| Abstract |
Penguins (Aves: Spheniscidae) are pelagic, flightless seabirds, restricted to the southern hemisphere (Antarctic and sub-Antarctic areas, New Zealand, Australia, and nearby islands, as well as parts of South America and South Africa). They spend much of their life at sea, but return to islands and coasts to breed. Penguins are terrestrial as juveniles and aquatic as adults. To improve hydrodynamics, penguins tuck in their necks while swimming. They thus attain an ichthyosaur or cetacean body shape: characterised by telescoped cervicals. This mechanism is also used on land, associated with the posture of these birds. Our study of neck structure and cervical vertebrae morphology (morphological description, biometry and contour analysis) of the King Penguin ( Aptenodytes patagonicus ), Gentoo Penguin ( Pygoscelis papua ), Macaroni Penguin ( Eudyptes chrysolophus ) and Humboldt Penguin ( Sphensicus humboldti ) shows a highly specialised fitting in adults, which develops during ontogenesis. The growth of penguins proceeds by stages and there are key stages with regard to the design of the neck. Despite a common main structure, some characteristics vary between species. Distribution of cervical vertebrae can be defined by six modules. There are differences in modularity between species and also within species between different ontogenetical phases. |
| Programme |
137 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0722-4060 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
3119 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
Moravcová Adéla, Beyens Louis, Van de Vijver Bart, |
| Title |
Diatom communities in soils influenced by the wandering albatross (Diomedea exulans)
|
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Polar Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
33 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
241-255 |
| Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences, |
| Abstract |
Soil diatom communities within two breeding colonies of the wandering albatross ( Diomedea exulans ) on Île de la Possession (Crozet Archipelago) were investigated. Samples were collected around occupied and abandoned nests and compared with control samples taken from soils lacking any animal influence. A total of 163 diatom taxa has been identified. Differences in the diatom flora were recorded between the two colonies, but the results show that it is almost impossible to identify a single diatom community typical for albatross-influenced areas. Diatom species composition varied markedly between control samples, occupied and abandoned nests. A turnover in the diatom community (shift from eutraphentic to oligotraphentic taxa) was observed when moving away from both occupied and abandoned nests, although no significant differences in diversity have been found. In summary, soil diatom species composition seems to indicate the impact of animal perturbations. However, it is too early to draw sound conclusions and further studies regarding the topic should be performed to confirm the results of the present study. |
| Programme |
136 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
Springer Berlin / Heidelberg |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0722-4060 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
3201 |
| Permanent link to this record |
