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. (2010). Functional Ecology, 24(1), 93–102.
Abstract: Abstract 1. In Polar Regions, the extent and dynamics of sea-ice are changing. This affects the ocean productivity which consecutively impacts plankton communities and polar top predators like penguins. Yet, the underlying behavioural and physiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. 2.
Keywords: food availability, krill, phytoplankton, seabird, sea-ice retreat,
Programme: 137
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. (2009). Limitation of population recovery: a stochastic approach to the case of the emperor penguin
. Oikos, 118(9), 1292–1298.
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. (2011). The relationship between sea surface temperature and population change of Great Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo breeding near Disko Bay, Greenland
. Ibis (Lond. 1859), 153(1), 170–174.
Abstract: Arctic seas have warmed and sea ice has retreated. This has resulted in range contraction and population declines in some species, but it could potentially be a boon for others. Great Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo have a partially wettable plumage and seem poorly suited to foraging in Arctic waters. We show that rates of population change of Cormorant colonies around Disko Bay, Greenland, are positively correlated with sea surface temperature, suggesting that they may benefit from a warming Arctic. However, although Cormorant populations may increase in response to Arctic warming, the extent of expansion of their winter range may ultimately be limited by other factors, such as sensory constraints on foraging behaviour during long Arctic nights.
Keywords: Arctic warming, climate change, diving, Phalacrocorax, thermoregulation, vision,
Programme: 388
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. (2011). Continuous 25-yr aerosol records at coastal Antarctica I: inter-annual variability of ionic compounds and links to climate indices. Tellus B, .
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. (2010). International Geomagnetic Reference Field: the eleventh generation
. Geophysical Journal International, 183(3), 1216–1230.
Abstract: SUMMARY The eleventh generation of the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) was adopted in December 2009 by the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy Working Group V-MOD. It updates the previous IGRF generation with a definitive main field model for epoch 2005.0, a main field model for epoch 2010.0, and a linear predictive secular variation model for 2010.02015.0. In this note the equations defining the IGRF model are provided along with the spherical harmonic coefficients for the eleventh generation. Maps of the magnetic declination, inclination and total intensity for epoch 2010.0 and their predicted rates of change for 2010.02015.0 are presented. The recent evolution of the South Atlantic Anomaly and magnetic pole positions are also examined.
Keywords: Magnetic field, Satellite magnetics,
Programme: 139;905
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. (2011). The ontogeny of diving abilities in subantarctic fur seal pups: developmental trade-off in response to extreme fasting?
. Functional Ecology, 25(4), 818–828.
Keywords: aerobic dive limit, behavioural plasticity, diving behaviour, diving physiology, growth strategy, myoglobin, oxygen stores, weaning,
Programme: 119
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Houser C, Masters G, Flanagan M, Shearer P, . (2008). Determination and analysis of long-wavelength transition zone structure using SS precursors
. 0956-540X, 174(1), 178–194.
Keywords: Phase transitions, Body waves,
Programme: 133
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Qin Yilong, Capdeville Yann, Maupin Valerie, Montagner Jean-Paul, Lebedev Sergei, Beucler Eric, . (2008). SPICE benchmark for global tomographic methods
. Geophysical Journal International, 175(2), 598–616.
Abstract: The existing global tomographic methods result in different models due to different parametrization, scale resolution and theoretical approach. To test how current imaging techniques are limited by approximations in theory and by the inadequacy of data quality and coverage, it is necessary to perform a global-scale benchmark to understand the resolving properties of each specific imaging algorithm. In the framework of the Seismic wave Propagation and Imaging in Complex media: a European network (SPICE) project, it was decided to perform a benchmark experiment of global inversion algorithms. First, a preliminary benchmark with a simple isotropic model is carried out to check the feasibility in terms of acquisition geometry and numerical accuracy. Then, to fully validate tomographic schemes with a challenging synthetic data set, we constructed one complex anisotropic global model, which is characterized by 21 elastic constants and includes 3-D heterogeneities in velocity, anisotropy (radial and azimuthal anisotropy), attenuation, density, as well as surface topography and bathymetry. The intermediate-period (>32 s), high fidelity anisotropic modelling was performed by using state-of-the-art anisotropic anelastic modelling code, that is, coupled spectral element method (CSEM), on modern massively parallel computing resources. The benchmark data set consists of 29 events and three-component seismograms are recorded by 256 stations. Because of the limitation of the available computing power, synthetic seismograms have a minimum period of 32 s and a length of 10 500 s. The inversion of the benchmark data set demonstrates several well-known problems of classical surface wave tomography, such as the importance of crustal correction to recover the shallow structures, the loss of resolution with depth, the smearing effect, both horizontal and vertical, the inaccuracy of amplitude of isotropic S-wave velocity variation, the difficulty of retrieving the magnitude of azimuthal anisotropy and so on. The synthetic data set can be used to validate and calibrate new processing methodologies and has been made available to the scientific community at the Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP) website (). Any group wishing to test their tomographic algorithm is encouraged to download the synthetic data.
Keywords: Surface waves and oscillations, Seismic anisotropy, Seismic tomography, Computational seismology,
Programme: 133
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Lebedev Sergei, Van Der Hilst Rob D, . (2008). Global upper-mantle tomography with the automated multimode inversion of surface and S-wave forms
. Geophysical Journal International, 173(2), 505–518.
Keywords: Inverse theory, Numerical approximations and analysis, Mantle processes, Seismic tomography, Cratons, Dynamics of lithosphere and mantle,
Programme: 133
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Houser C, Masters G, Shearer P, Laske G, . (2008). Shear and compressional velocity models of the mantle from cluster analysis of long-period waveforms
. Geophysical Journal International, 174(1), 195–212.
Keywords: Mantle processes, Body waves, Seismic tomography,
Programme: 133
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