. (2014). Future challenges in cephalopod research
. J. Mar. Biolog. Assoc. U.K., 95(05), 999–1015.
Keywords: aquaculture, cephalopods, climate change, fisheries, future research, genetics, morphology, trophic interactions,
Programme: 109
|
Giraldo Carolina, Mayzaud Patrick, Tavernier Eric, Boutoute Marc, Penot Florian, Koubbi Philippe, . (2015). Lipid dynamics and trophic patterns in Pleuragramma antarctica life stages
. Antarctic Science, 27(05), 429–438.
Keywords: fatty acids, feeding patterns, ontogenetic changes,
Programme: 1142
|
Winters Kraig B, Bouruet-Aubertot Pascale, Gerkema Theo, . (2011). Critical reflection and abyssal trapping of near-inertial waves on a -plane
. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 684, 111–136.
Abstract: ABSTRACT We consider near-inertial waves continuously excited by a localized source and their subsequent radiation and evolution on a two-dimensional $\ensuremath{\beta} $-plane. Numerical simulations are used to quantify the wave propagation and the energy flux in a realistically stratified ocean basin. We focus on the dynamics near and poleward of the inertial latitude where the local value of the Coriolis parameter $f$ matches the forcing frequency $\sigma $, contrasting the behaviour of waves under the traditional approximation (TA), where only the component of the Earths rotation aligned with gravity is retained in the dynamics, with that obtained under the non-traditional approach (non-TA) in which the horizontal component of rotation is retained. Under the TA, assuming inviscid linear wave propagation in the WKB limit, all energy radiated from the source eventually propagates toward the equator, with the initially poleward propagation being internally reflected at the inertial latitude. Under the non-TA however, these waves propagate sub-inertially beyond their inertial latitude, exhibiting multiple reflections between internal turning points that lie poleward of the inertial latitude and the bottom. The numerical experiments complement and extend existing theory by relaxing the linearity and WKB approximations, and by illustrating the time development of the steadily forced flow and the spatial patterns of energy flux and flux divergence. The flux divergence of the flow at both the forcing frequency and its first harmonic reveal the spatial patterns of nonlinear energy transfer and highlight the importance of nonlinearity in the vicinity of near-critical bottom reflection at the inertial latitude of the forced waves.
Programme: 1015
|
. (2010). Family size and sex-specific parental effort in black-legged kittiwakes
. Behaviour, 13(14), 1841–1862.
|
Van de Vijver Bart, . (2014). Revision of the genus Halamphora (Bacillariophyta) in the Antarctic Region
. Plant Ecology and Evolution, 147(3), 374–391.
|
Costantini David, Bonadonna Francesco,. (2010). Patterns of variation of serum oxidative stress markers in two seabird species. Polar Research, 29(1), 30–35.
Abstract: Abstract Variation in oxidative stress markers in natural populations may provide a useful background for understanding variation in life history strategies. In this study, we seek to evaluate patterns of variation in levels of reactive oxygen metabolites (markers of oxidative damage), serum antioxidant capacity, and serum concentration of thiols (antioxidants endogenously synthesized) in nestling and breeding blue petrels (Halobaena caerulea) and in breeding Antarctic prions (Pachyptila desolata). Male and female prions and nestling petrels did not differ in any of the oxidative stress markers. The serum antioxidant capacity positively correlated with the sample time in nestling blue petrels. Breeding petrels with higher body condition index had higher serum antioxidant capacity and circulating thiols. Finally, both seabird species showed lower levels of reactive oxygen metabolites and higher levels of serum antioxidant capacity than previously studied bird species.
Keywords: Antioxidants, fasting, oxidative damage, petrels, prions, reproduction,
Programme: 354
|
. (2010). Preparing to fledge: the adrenocortical and metabolic responses to stress in king penguin chicks
. Functional Ecology, 24(1), 82–92.
Keywords: capture-handling stress, corticosterone, fledging, fasting, fuel utilization, plasma metabolites, thyroid hormones,
Programme: 119
|
Van der Putten Nathalie, Verbruggen Cyriel, Ochyra Ryszard, Verleyen Elie, Frenot Yves, . (2010). Subantarctic flowering plants: pre-glacial survivors or post-glacial immigrants?
. J. Biogeogr., 37(3), 582–592.
Keywords: Endemism, glacial refugia, LGM ice cover, palaeobotany, phanerogamic flora, post-glacial immigration, pre-LGM survivors, regionalism, subantarctic islands,
Programme: 136
|
. (2010). One for all and all for one: the energetic benefits of huddling in endotherms
. Biological Reviews, 85(3), 545–569.
Abstract: Huddling can be defined as an active and close aggregation of animals. It is a cooperative group behaviour, permitting individuals involved in social thermoregulation to minimize heat loss and thereby lower their energy expenditure, and possibly allowing them to reallocate the saved energy to other functions such as growth or reproduction. Huddling is especially important in the case of animals faced with high heat loss due to a high surface-to-volume ratio, poor insulation, or living in cold environments. Although numerous experimental studies have focused on the huddling behaviour of a wide range of species, to our knowledge, this is the first attempt to review the various implications of this widely used behavioural strategy. Huddling allows individuals to maximise energy savings by (1) decreasing their cold-exposed body surface area, (2) reducing their heat loss through warming of ambient temperatures surrounding the group, and (3) eventually lowering their body temperature through physiological processes. Huddling provides substantial energy savings and is estimated to reduce energy expenditure by between 6 and 53%. Broad variations in the energetic benefits of huddling depend on the number of individuals and species involved in huddles, the ambient temperatures to which individuals are exposed and the density of the aggregations. It has been shown that huddling individuals have increased survival, a lower food intake, a decreased body mass loss, increased growth rate, reduced water loss, and/or a more constant body temperature together with a significant reduction in metabolic rate. Though huddling has been studied widely, this review reveals the intricacies of this adaptive behaviour.
Keywords: huddling, group, social behaviour, thermoregulation, energy conservation, ambient temperature, mammals, birds,
Programme: 137
|
. (2010). One House Two Families: Petrel Squatters Get a Sniff of Low-Cost Breeding Opportunities
. Ethology, 116(2), 176–182.
Abstract: Summary Burrowing is a widespread nesting behaviour, found in vertebrates and invertebrates. It is particularly common in small procellariiform seabirds such as blue petrels (Halobaena caerulea) and Antarctic prions (Pachyptila desolata), two closely related petrel species. However, digging a burrow is costly and alternative strategies may evolve. Accordingly, blue petrel males can adopt two alternative nesting strategies: digging a new burrow or squatting in an empty one. Importantly, a blue petrel squatter arriving at the colony to breed is more likely to find empty Antarctic prion burrows than empty blue petrel burrows, since the former species only start breeding a month later. However, squatting in a prions burrow is risky for blue petrels as the legitimate owner very often returns and claims the burrow back, thus ruining the squatters breeding attempt. We present here results of a survey of two sympatric colonies of blue petrels and Antarctic prions on Kerguelen Island. Our data show that blue petrel squatters preferentially occupy blue petrel empty burrows. To investigate potential underlying mechanisms behind this preference, we used a simple Y-maze design to show that blue petrels can discriminate and prefer their specific odour over the prion odour. Our results confirm the existence of alternative burrowing strategies in blue petrels and suggest that squatters could use olfaction to avoid the less suitable Antarctic prion burrows.
Programme: 354
|