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Author |
White Craig R, Grémillet David, Green Jonathan A, Martin Graham R, Butler Patrick J, |
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Title |
Metabolic rate throughout the annual cycle reveals the demands of an Arctic existence in Great Cormorants
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
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Volume |
92 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
475 -486 |
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Keywords |
arctic, basal metabolic rate, catch per unit effort, cpue, daily energy expenditure, day length, diving depths, field metabolic rate, foraging efficiency, great cormorant, greenland, phalacrocorax carbo, seasonal variation, |
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Abstract |
Aquatic endotherms living in polar regions are faced with a multitude of challenges, including low air and water temperatures and low illumination, especially in winter. Like other endotherms from cold environments, Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) living in Arctic waters were hypothesized to respond to these challenges through a combination of high daily rate of energy expenditure (DEE) and high food requirements, which are met by a high rate of catch per unit effort (CPUE). CPUE has previously been shown in Great Cormorants to be the highest of any diving bird. In the present study, we tested this hypothesis by making the first measurements of DEE and foraging activity of Arctic-dwelling Great Cormorants throughout the annual cycle. We demonstrate that, in fact, Great Cormorants have surprisingly low rates of DEE. This low DEE is attributed primarily to very low levels of foraging activity, particularly during winter, when the cormorants spent only 2% of their day submerged. Such a low level of fo...
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388 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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Ecological Society of America |
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ISSN |
0012-9658 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2372 |
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Author |
Choquet Rémi, Carrié Cécile, Chambert Thierry, Boulinier Thierry, |
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Title |
Estimating transitions between states using measurements with imperfect detection: application to serological data
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
94 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
2160-2165 |
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Abstract |
Classifying the states of an individual and quantifying transitions between states are crucial while modeling animal behavior, movement, and physiologic status. When these states are hidden or imperfectly known, it is particularly convenient to relate them to appropriate quantitative measurements taken on the individual. This task is, however, challenging when quantitative measurements are not available at each sampling occasion. For capture?recapture data, various ways of incorporating such non-discrete information have been used, but they are either ad hoc and/or use a fraction of the available information by relying on a priori thresholds to assign individual states. Here we propose assigning discrete states based on a continuous measurement, and then modeled survival and transition probabilities based on these assignments. The main advantage of this new approach is that a more informative use of the non-discrete information is done. As an illustrative working example, we applied this approach to eco-epidemiological data collected across a series of years in which individuals of a long-lived seabird, the Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla), could either be visually detected or physically recaptured and blood sampled for subsequent immunological analyses. We discuss how this approach opens many perspectives in eco-epidemiology, but also more broadly, in population ecology. |
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333 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
Ecological Society of America |
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0012-9658 |
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yes |
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Serial |
4678 |
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Author |
Ponchon A, Grémillet D, Christensen-Dalsgaard S, Erikstad K E, Barrett R T, Reiertsen T K, McCoy K D, Tveraa T, Boulinier T, |
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Title |
When things go wrong: intra-season dynamics of breeding failure in a seabird
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ecosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
art4- |
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Abstract |
During breeding, long-lived species face important time and energy constraints that can lead to breeding failure when food becomes scarce. Despite the potential implications of intra-season dynamics in breeding failure for individual behavior, carry-over effects, dispersal decisions and population dynamics, little information is currently available on these dynamics at fine temporal scales. Here, we monitored the foraging behavior and the proportion of successful black-legged kittiwake pairs from nest construction to chick fledging in a colony of the southern Barents Sea, to relate foraging effort to the dynamics of breeding failure over an entire breeding season, and to infer the environmental conditions leading to this failure. Specifically, we tracked kittiwakes with GPS and satellite tags during incubation and early chick-rearing to document nest attendance, foraging range, time budgets and daily energy expenditures (DEE). We also monitored diet changes over time. We predicted that breeding failure would follow a non-linear trend characterized by a break point after which breeding success would drop abruptly and would be related to a substantial increase in foraging effort. Kittiwakes showed contrasting foraging patterns between incubation and chick-rearing: they extended their foraging range from 20 km during incubation to more than 450 km during chick-rearing and switched diet. They also increased their DEE and readjusted their time budgets by increasing time spent at sea. These changes corresponded to a break point in breeding dynamics beyond which the proportion of successful pairs abruptly dropped. At the end of the season, less than 10% of kittiwake pairs raised chicks in the monitored plots. This integrative study confirms that breeding failure is a non-linear process characterized by a threshold beyond which individuals face an energetic trade-off and cannot simultaneously sustain high reproductive and self-maintenance efforts. In this way, the occurrence of sudden environmental changes complicates our ability to predict population dynamics and poses conservation challenges. |
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333 |
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Publisher |
Ecological Society of America |
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ISSN |
2150-8925 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
4952 |
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Author |
Goutte A, Bustamante P, Barbraud C, Delord K, Weimerskirch H, Chastel O, |
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Title |
Demographic responses to mercury exposure in two closely related Antarctic top predators
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
95 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1075-1086 |
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Abstract |
Although toxic chemicals constitute a major threat for wildlife, their effects have been mainly assessed at the individual level and under laboratory conditions. Predicting population-level responses to pollutants in natural conditions is a major and ultimate task in ecological and ecotoxicological research. The present study aims to estimate the effect of mercury (Hg) levels on future apparent survival rates and breeding performances. We used a long-term data set (?10 years) and recently developed methodological tools on two closely related Antarctic top predators, the South Polar Skua Catharacta maccormicki from Adélie Land and the Brown Skua C. lonnbergi from the Kerguelen Archipelago. Adult survival rates and breeding probabilities were not affected by Hg levels, but breeding success in the following year decreased with increasing Hg levels. Although South Polar Skuas exhibited much lower Hg levels than Brown Skuas, they suffered from higher Hg-induced breeding failure. This species difference could be attributed to an interaction between Hg and other environmental perturbations, including climate change and a complex cocktail of pollutants. By including Hg-dependent demographic parameters in population models, we showed a weak population decline in response to increasing Hg levels. This demographic decline was more pronounced in South Polar Skuas than in Brown Skuas. Hence, Hg exposure differently affects closely related species. The wide range of environmental perturbations in Antarctic regions could exacerbate the demographic responses to Hg levels. In that respect, we urge future population modeling to take into account the coupled effects of climate change and anthropogenic pollution to estimate population projections. |
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Programme |
109 |
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Publisher |
Ecological Society of America |
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0012-9658 |
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yes |
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Serial |
5051 |
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Author |
Jaeger Audrey, Goutte Aurélie, Lecomte Vincent J, Richard Pierre, Chastel Olivier, Barbraud Christophe, Weimerskirch Henri, Cherel Yves, |
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Title |
Age, sex, and breeding status shape a complex foraging pattern in an extremely long-lived seabird
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
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Volume |
95 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
2324-2333 |
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Programme |
109 |
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Publisher |
Ecological Society of America |
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ISSN |
0012-9658 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
5067 |
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Author |
Nevoux M, Forcada J, Barbraud C, Croxall J, Weimerskirch H, |
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Title |
Bet-hedging response to environmental variability, an intraspecific comparison
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecology |
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Volume |
91 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
2416-2427 |
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Programme |
109 |
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Publisher |
Eco Soc America |
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0012-9658 |
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yes |
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Serial |
3062 |
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Author |
Van de Vijver Bart, Moravcova Adela, Kusber Wolf-Henning, Neustupa Jiri, |
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Title |
Analysis of the type material of Pinnularia divergentissima (Grunow in Van Heurck) Cleve (Bacillariophyceae)
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
FOTTEA |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-14 |
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Programme |
136 |
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CZECH PHYCOLOGICAL SOC BENATSKA 2,, PRAHA 2, CZ-128 01, CZECH REPUBLIC |
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ISSN |
1802-5439 |
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yes |
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Serial |
4801 |
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Author |
David, C.; Keckhut, P.; Armetta, A.; Jumelet, J.; Snels, M.; Marchand, M.; Bekki, S. |
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Title |
Radiosonde stratospheric temperatures at Dumont d'Urville (Antarctica): trends and link with polar stratospheric clouds |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Atmos. Chem. Phys. |
Abbreviated Journal |
ACP |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
3813-3825 |
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Abstract |
Temperature profiles measurements are performed daily (00:00 UT) in Dumont d'Urville (66°40' S, 140°01' E) by Météo-France, using standard radiosondes, since the International Geophysical Year in 1957. Yet, due to a 16 years data gap between 1963 and 1978, the entire dataset is only used for a qualitative overview. Only the most recent series, between 1979 and 2008, is used to investigate the inter-annual stratospheric temperatures variability. Over Dumont d'Urville, at the edge of the vortex, the annual mean temperature cooling of about 1 K/decade at 20 km is the result of the cooling trends between 0.5 and 1.4 K/decade, in summer and autumn and a warming of about 1.1 K/decade in spring. These values are consistent with values obtained using data from inner vortex stations, but with smaller amplitude. No statistically significant trend is detected in winter. We propose here the first attempt to link stratospheric temperature trends to Polar Stratospheric Cloud (PSC) trends in Antarctica based on the only continuous 20 years database of PSC lidar detection. Despite the absence of mean temperature trend during winter, the occurrence of temperatures below the NAT threshold between 1989 and 2008 reveals a significant trend of about +6%/decade. The PSCs occurrences frequency exhibits a concomitant trend of about +3%/decade, although not statistically significant. Yet, this is consistent with results obtained in the Northern Hemisphere. Such a possible positive trend in PSC occurrence has to be further explored to be confirmed or invalidated. If confirmed, this PSC trend is likely to have strong impacts, both on ozone recovery and climate evolution in Antarctica. The study also reveals the importance of trends on extreme temperatures, and not only on mean temperatures. |
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209 |
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Publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
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ISSN |
1680-7316 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
IPEV @ Thierry.Lemaire @ |
Serial |
6061 |
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Author |
Magand, O.; Picard, G.; Brucker, L.; Fily, M.; Genthon, C. |
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Title |
Snow melting bias in microwave mapping of Antarctic snow accumulation |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
The Cryosphere Discuss. |
Abbreviated Journal |
TCD |
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Volume |
2 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
255-273 |
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454 |
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Copernicus Publications |
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ISSN |
1994-0432 |
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yes |
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IPEV @ Thierry.Lemaire @ |
Serial |
5505 |
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Author |
Masson-Delmotte, V.; Dreyfus, G.; Braconnot, P.; Johnsen, S.; Jouzel, J.; Kageyama, M.; Landais, A.; Loutre, M.-F.; Nouet, J.; Parrenin, F.; Raynaud, D.; Stenni, B.; Tuenter, E. |
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Title |
Past temperature reconstructions from deep ice cores: relevance for future climate change |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Climate of the past |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
2 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
145-165 |
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458 |
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Copernicus Publications |
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ISSN |
1814-9324 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
IPEV @ Thierry.Lemaire @ |
Serial |
5530 |
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