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. (1996). Journal of Applied Meteorology, 35(7), 1142–1152.
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Saraux Claire, Le Bohec Celine, Durant Joel M, Viblanc Vincent A, Gauthier-Clerc Michel, Beaune David, Park Young-Hyang, Yoccoz Nigel G, Stenseth Nils C, Le Maho Yvon, . (2011). Reliability of flipper-banded penguins as indicators of climate change
. NATURE, 469(7329), 203–206.
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Eichhorn Gotz, Groscolas Rene, Le Glaunec Gaele, Parisel Camille, Arnold Laurent, Medina Patrice, Handrich Yves, . (2011). Heterothermy in growing king penguins
. Nature communications, 2, 435–.
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Romiguier J, Gayral P, Ballenghien M, Bernard A, Cahais V, Chenuil A, Chiari Y, Dernat R, Duret L, Faivre N, Loire E, Lourenco J M, Nabholz B, Roux C, Tsagkogeorga G, Weber A A-T, Weinert L A, Belkhir K, Bierne N, Glemin S, Galtier N, . (2014). Comparative population genomics in animals uncovers the determinants of genetic diversity
. Nature, 515(7526), 261–263.
Abstract: Genetic diversity is the amount of variation observed between DNA sequences from distinct individuals of a given species. This pivotal concept of population genetics has implications for species health, domestication, management and conservation. Levels of genetic diversity seem to vary greatly in natural populations and species, but the determinants of this variation, and particularly the relative influences of species biology and ecology versus population history, are still largely mysterious1, 2. Here we show that the diversity of a species is predictable, and is determined in the first place by its ecological strategy. We investigated the genome-wide diversity of 76 non-model animal species by sequencing the transcriptome of two to ten individuals in each species. The distribution of genetic diversity between species revealed no detectable influence of geographic range or invasive status but was accurately predicted by key species traits related to parental investment: long-lived or low-fecundity species with brooding ability were genetically less diverse than short-lived or highly fecund ones. Our analysis demonstrates the influence of long-term life-history strategies on species response to short-term environmental perturbations, a result with immediate implications for conservation policies.
Programme: 1044
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. (2014). Rovers minimize human disturbance in research on wild animals.
. Nat. Methods, 11(12), 1242–4.
Abstract: Investigating wild animals while minimizing human disturbance remains an important methodological challenge. When approached by a remote-operated vehicle (rover) which can be equipped to make radio-frequency identifications, wild penguins had significantly lower and shorter stress responses (determined by heart rate and behavior) than when approached by humans. Upon immobilization, the rover-unlike humans-did not disorganize colony structure, and stress rapidly ceased. Thus, rovers can reduce human disturbance of wild animals and the resulting scientific bias.
Keywords: Adaptation, Psychological, Animals, Animals, Wild, Behavior, Animal, Heart Rate, Heart Rate: physiology, Human Activities, Humans, Robotics, Spheniscidae, Spheniscidae: physiology, Stress, Physiological,
Programme: 137
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Picard G, Domine F, Krinner G, Arnaud L, Lefebvre E,. (2012). Inhibition of the positive snow-albedo feedback by precipitation in interior Antarctica. Bachelor's thesis, Nature Publishing Group, .
Keywords: limate change Cryospheric science
Programme: 1013
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Tauzin Benoit, Debayle Eric, Wittlinger Gerard, . (2010). Seismic evidence for a global low-velocity layer within the Earth/'s upper mantle
. NATURE GEOSCIENCE, 3(10), 718–721.
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Hreinsdottir Sigrun, Sigmundsson Freysteinn, Roberts Matthew J, Bjornsson Halldor, Grapenthin Ronni, Arason Pordur, Arnadottir Thora, Holmjarn Josef, Geirsson Halldor, Bennett Richard A, Gudmundsson Magnus T, Oddsson Bjorn, Ofeigsson Benedikt G, Villemin Thierry, Jonsson Thorsteinn, Sturkell Erik, Hoskuldsson Armann, Larsen Gudrun, Thordarson Thor, Oladottir Bergrun Arna, . (2014). Volcanic plume height correlated with magma-pressure change at Grimsvotn Volcano, Iceland
. Nature Geoscience, 7(3), 214–218.
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Jenouvrier Stephanie, Holland Marika, Stroeve Julienne, Serreze Mark, Barbraud Christophe, Weimerskirch Henri, Caswell Hal, . (2014). Projected continent-wide declines of the emperor penguin under climate change
. Nature Climate Change, 4(8), 715–718.
Abstract: Climate change has been projected to affect species distribution1 and future trends of local populations2, 3, but projections of global population trends are rare. We analyse global population trends of the emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri), an iconic Antarctic top predator, under the influence of sea ice conditions projected by coupled climate models assessed in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) effort4. We project the dynamics of all 45 known emperor penguin colonies5 by forcing a sea-ice-dependent demographic model6, 7 with local, colony-specific, sea ice conditions projected through to the end of the twenty-first century. Dynamics differ among colonies, but by 2100 all populations are projected to be declining. At least two-thirds are projected to have declined by >50% from their current size. The global population is projected to have declined by at least 19%. Because criteria to classify species by their extinction risk are based on the global population dynamics8, global analyses are critical for conservation9. We discuss uncertainties arising in such global projections and the problems of defining conservation criteria for species endangered by future climate change.
Programme: 109
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Roquet Fabien, Williams Guy, Hindell Mark A, Harcourt Rob, McMahon Clive, Guinet Christophe, Charrassin Jean-Benoit, Reverdin Gilles, Boehme Lars, Lovell Phil, Fedak Mike, . (2014). A Southern Indian Ocean database of hydrographic profiles obtained with instrumented elephant seals.
. Scientific data, 1, 140028.
Keywords: Animals, Databases, Factual, Indian Ocean, Oceanography, Oceanography: methods, Seals, Earless,
Programme: 109
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