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Author |
Miteva R, Klein K-L, Malandraki O, Dorrian G, |
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Title |
Solar Energetic Particle Events in the 23rd Solar Cycle: Interplanetary Magnetic Field Configuration and Statistical Relationship with Flares and CMEs
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication  |
SOLAR PHYSICS |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
282 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
579-613- |
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Keywords |
Coronal mass ejections, interplanetary, Energetic particles, Magnetic fields, interplanetary, |
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Abstract |
We study the influence of the large-scale interplanetary magnetic field configuration on the solar energetic particles (SEPs) as detected at different satellites near Earth and on the correlation of their peak intensities with the pa\-rent solar activity. We selected SEP events associated with X and M-class flares at western longitudes, in order to ensure good magnetic connection to Earth. These events were classified into two categories according to the global interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) configuration present during the SEP pro\-pagation to 1~AU: standard solar wind or interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs). Our analy\-sis shows that around 20\% of all particle events are detected when the spacecraft is immersed in an ICME. {\bf The correlation of the peak particle intensity with the projected speed of the SEP-associated coronal mass ejection is similar in the two IMF categories of proton and electron events, $\sim 0.6$.} The SEP events show stronger correlation of the peak proton intensity with the soft X-ray flux of the associated solar flare, $r=0.67^{\pm 0.13}$, compared to the SEP events propagating in the standard solar wind, $r=0.36^{\pm 0.13}$. {\bf The difference is more pronounced for near-relativistic electrons. The main reason for the different correlation behaviour seems to be the larger spread of the flare longitude in the SEP sample detected in the solar wind as compared to SEP events within ICMEs. We discuss to which extent observational bias, different physical processes (particle injection, transport, etc.) and the IMF configuration can influence the relationship between SEPs and coronal activity |
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227 |
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Springer Netherlands |
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0038-0938 |
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yes |
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4019 |
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Author |
K. Bocchialini, B. Grison, M. Menvielle, A. Chambodut, N. Cornilleau-Wehrlin, D. Fontaine, A. Marchaudon, M. Pick, F. Pitout, B. Schmieder, S. Régnier, I. Zouganelis |
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Title |
Statistical Analysis of Solar Events Associated with Storm Sudden Commencements over One Year of Solar Maximum During Cycle 23: Propagation from the Sun to the Earth and Effects |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Solar Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
293 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
75 |
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Keywords |
Earth: SSC geoeffectiveness Solar wind: ICME Sun: CME |
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Abstract |
Taking the 32 storm sudden commencements (SSCs) listed by the International Service of Geomagnetic Indices (ISGI) of the Observatory de l’Ebre during 2002 (solar activity maximum in Cycle 23) as a starting point, we performed a multi-criterion analysis based on observations (propagation time, velocity comparisons, sense of the magnetic field rotation, radio waves) to associate them with solar sources, identified their effects in the interplanetary medium, and looked at the response of the terrestrial ionized and neutral environment. We find that 28 SSCs can be related to 44 coronal mass ejections (CMEs), 15 with a unique CME and 13 with a series of multiple CMEs, among which 19 (68%) involved halo CMEs. Twelve of the 19 fastest CMEs with speeds greater than 1000 km s−1 are halo CMEs. For the 44 CMEs, including 21 halo CMEs, the corresponding X-ray flare classes are: 3 X-class, 19 M-class, and 22 C-class flares. The probability for an SSC to occur is 75% if the CME is a halo CME. Among the 500, or even more, front-side, non-halo CMEs recorded in 2002, only 23 could be the source of an SSC, i.e. 5%. The complex interactions between two (or more) CMEs and the modification of their trajectories have been examined using joint white-light and multiple-wavelength radio observations. The detection of long-lasting type IV bursts observed at metric–hectometric wavelengths is a very useful criterion for the CME–SSC events association. The events associated with the most depressed Dst values are also associated with type IV radio bursts. The four SSCs associated with a single shock at L1 correspond to four radio events exhibiting characteristics different from type IV radio bursts. The solar-wind structures at L1 after the 32 SSCs are 12 magnetic clouds (MCs), 6 interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) without an MC structure, 4 miscellaneous structures, which cannot unambiguously be classified as ICMEs, 5 corotating or stream interaction regions (CIRs/SIRs), one CIR caused two SSCs, and 4 shock events; note than one CIR caused two SSCs. The 11 MCs listed in 3 or more MC catalogs covering the year 2002 are associated with SSCs. For the three most intense geomagnetic storms (based on Dst minima) related to MCs, we note two sudden increases of the Dst, at the arrival of the sheath and the arrival of the MC itself. In terms of geoeffectiveness, the relation between the CME speed and the magnetic-storm intensity, as characterized using the Dst magnetic index, is very complex, but generally CMEs with velocities at the Sun larger than 1000 km s−1 have larger probabilities to trigger moderate or intense storms. The most geoeffective events are MCs, since 92% of them trigger moderate or intense storms, followed by ICMEs (33%). At best, CIRs/SIRs only cause weak storms. We show that these geoeffective events (ICMEs or MCs) trigger an increased and combined auroral kilometric radiation (AKR) and non-thermal continuum (NTC) wave activity in the magnetosphere, an enhanced convection in the ionosphere, and a stronger response in the thermosphere. However, this trend does not appear clearly in the coupling functions, which exhibit relatively weak correlations between the solar-wind energy input and the amplitude of various geomagnetic indices, whereas the role of the southward component of the solar-wind magnetic field is confirmed. Some saturation appears for Dst values <−100<−100< -100 nT on the integrated values of the polar and auroral indices. |
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139,312 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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1573-093X |
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1573-093X |
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yes |
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7013 |
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Author |
Karl-Ludwig Klein, Kostas Tziotziou, Pietro Zucca, Eino Valtonen, Nicole Vilmer, Olga E. Malandraki, Clarisse Hamadache, Bernd Heber, Jürgen Kiener |
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Title |
X-Ray, Radio and SEP Observations of Relativistic Gamma-Ray Events |
Type |
Book |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Solar Particle Radiation Storms Forecasting and Analysis |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
133-155 |
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Abstract |
The rather frequent occurrence, and sometimes long duration, of γ-ray events at photon energies above 100 MeV challenges our understanding of particle acceleration processes at the Sun. The emission is ascribed to pion-decay photons due to protons with energies above 300 MeV. We study the X-ray and radio emissions and the solar energetic particles (SEPs) in space for a set of 25 Fermi γ-ray events. They are accompanied by strong SEP events, including, in most cases where the parent activity is well-connected, protons above 300 MeV. Signatures of energetic electron acceleration in the corona accompany the impulsive and early post-impulsive γ-ray emission. γ-ray emission lasting several hours accompanies in general the decay phase of long-lasting soft X-ray bursts and decametric-to-kilometric type II bursts. We discuss the impact of these results on the origin of the γ-ray events. |
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227 |
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978-3-319-60050-5 978-3-319-60051-2 |
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978-3-319-60050-5 978-3-319-60051-2 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6781 |
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Author |
Frenot Y. |
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Title |
Introduced populations of Dendrodrilus Rubidus SSP.(oligochaeta:Lumbricidae)at crozet, Kerguelen and Amsterdam Islands:Effects of temperature on growth patterns during the juvenile stages. |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Soil biology & biochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
Soil Biol. Biochem. |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1433-1439 |
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136 |
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0038-0717 |
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yes |
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Serial |
1943 |
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Author |
Richard C. Gerum, Sebastian Richter, Alexander Winterl, Christoph Mark, Ben Fabry, Céline Le Bohec, Daniel P. Zitterbart |
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Title |
CameraTransform: A Python package for perspective corrections and image mapping |
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Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
SoftwareX |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
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Pages |
100333 |
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Keywords |
Camera lens distortions Geo-referencing Perspective projection Quantitative image analysis |
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Abstract |
Camera images and video recordings are simple and non-invasive tools to investigate animals in their natural habitat. Quantitative evaluations, however, often require an exact reconstruction of object positions, sizes, and distances in the image. Here, we provide an open source software package to perform such calculations. Our approach allows the user to correct for perspective distortion, transform images to “bird’s-eye” view projections, or transform image-coordinates to real-world coordinates and vice versa. The extrinsic camera parameters that are necessary to perform such image corrections and transformations (elevation, tilt/roll angle, and heading of the camera) are obtained from the image using contextual information such as a visible horizon, GPS coordinates of landmarks, known object sizes, or images of the same object obtained from different viewing angles. All mathematical operations are implemented in the Python package CameraTransform. The performance of the implementation is evaluated using computer-generated synthetic images with known camera parameters. Moreover, we test our algorithm on images of emperor penguin colonies, and demonstrate that the camera tilt and roll angles can be estimated with an error of less than one degree, and the camera elevation with an error of less than 5%. The CameraTransform software package simplifies camera matrix-based image transformations and the extraction of quantitative image information. An extensive documentation and usage examples in an ecological context are provided at http://cameratransform.readthedocs.io. |
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137 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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2352-7110 |
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yes |
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7596 |
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Blévin P., Chastel O., Angelier F., Bech C., Bustamante P., Bustnes J.o., Herzke D., Goutte A., Jouanneau W., Krogseth I.s., Léandri-breton D.j., Moe B., Sagerup K., Sebastiano M., Stople T., Tartu S., Eulaers I., Gabrielsen G.w. |
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Title |
Temporal trends of persistent organic pollutants in a high Arctic seabird over 15 years: influenced by climate variability and dietary plasticity? |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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2022 |
Publication |
Society of environmental toxicology and chemistry (SETAC) Europe 32nd Annual Meeting, 15-19 May 2022, Copenhagen, Denmark |
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330 |
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yes |
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8483 |
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Author |
Garcin N, Viblanc VA, Schull Q, Michaux D, Reichert S, Robin JP, Bize P, Stier A |
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Title |
Naturally equipped to resist stress |
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Peer-reviewed symposium |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Society for experimental biology annual conference. poster. actes du colloque |
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Stress exposure and stress response are likely to vary according to life history strategies and environmental contexts. Although the acute release of glucocorticoids in response to unpredictable environmental conditions may lead to adaptative behavioral and physiological responses, exposure to high glucocorticoid levels on the long-term usually leads to deleterious cascading effects on animal’s physiology, behavior and fitness. Yet, some species may be more adapted to cope with challenging events than others and might naturally possess protective mechanisms limiting the adverse consequences of prolonged exposure to high glucocorticoid levels. King penguin chicks being naturally exposed to harsh weather, prolonged fasting and constant predation pressure, we investigated the life-history, behavioral and physiological consequences of an experimental increase in corticosterone levels on the medium and long-term (after removing implants), predicting to find relatively few costs associated with such treatment. Although non-significant, CORT-treated chicks were slightly larger, fledged slightly earlier and had slightly higher survival chances than placebo chicks. CORT-treated chicks were significantly more aggressive and displayed lower corticosterone response to acute stress on the medium term, while their physical activity and whole-body energetics were not significantly affected. While mitochondrial density was not significantly affected by the CORT treatment, CORT-treated chicks had lower oxidative stress levels on the long-term than placebo ones, and no significant impact was observed on telomere shortening. Finally, the expression of several genes (i.e. CORT receptor, HSP90, mTOR, NRF2 and TERF2) was up regulated in treated chicks, which could potentially mediate the apparent ‘stress’ resistance we observed at the phenotypic level. |
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119 |
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yes |
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8454 |
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Author |
Alix C. |
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Title |
Persistance and Change in Thule Wood Use AD. 110-1350. |
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Conference - International - Communication |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Society for American Archaeology |
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Abstract |
69th Annual Meeting, March 31 – April 3, 2004, Montreal, Canada |
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402 |
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yes |
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4070 |
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Author |
Cherel Y, Kernaléguen L, Richard P, Guinet C, |
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Title |
Whisker isotopic signature depicts migration patterns and multi-year intra- and inter-individual foraging strategies in fur seals Whisker isotopic signature depicts migration patterns and multi-year intra- and inter-individual foraging strategies in fur s
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
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Society |
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111 |
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September |
Pages |
830 -832 |
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Keywords |
2004, 2009, bearhop et al, d 13 c, d 15 n, individual levels, individual specialization, newsome et al, nitrogen, otariid, southern ocean, stable carbon, stable isotopes, |
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The movement and dietary history of individuals can be studied using stable isotope records in archival keratinous tissues. Here, we present a chronology of temporally fine-scale data on the trophic niche of otariid seals by measuring the isotopic signature of serially sampled whiskers. Whiskers of male Antarctic fur seals breeding at the Crozet Islands showed synchronous and regular oscillations in both their delta(13)C and delta(15)N values that are likely to represent their annual migrations over the long term (mean 4.8 years). At the population level, male Antarctic fur seals showed substantial variation in both delta(13)C and delta(15)N values, occupying nearly all the 'isotopic space' created by the diversity of potential oceanic habitats (from high Antarctica to the subtropics) and prey (from Antarctic krill to subantarctic and subtropical mesopelagic fishes). At the individual level, whisker isotopic signatures depict a large diversity of foraging strategies. Some seals remained in either subantarctic or Antarctic waters, while the migratory cycle of most animals encompassed a wide latitudinal gradient where they fed on different prey. The isotopic signature of whiskers, therefore, revealed new multi-year foraging strategies of male Antarctic fur seals and is a powerful tool for investigating the ecological niche during cryptic stages of mammals' life.
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109 |
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The Royal Society |
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1644-7700 |
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yes |
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1936 |
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Author |
Hennion F., Labarrere B., Chesneau E. & Prinzing A. |
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Title |
Metabolites relating to phenotypes and environments: between-population differentiation within species. |
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Communication |
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2016 |
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Société française d’ecologie, marseille, 24 – 28th october 2016 (oral communication). |
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1116 |
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yes |
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6718 |
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