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Author |
Alice Bernard, Ana S. L. Rodrigues, Victor Cazalis, David Grémillet |
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Title |
Toward a global strategy for seabird tracking |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication  |
Conservation Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
e12804 |
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| |
Keywords |
biogeography biologging biotelemetry ecological monitoring marine conservation oceanography spatial planning threatened species |
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Abstract |
Electronic tracking technologies revolutionized wildlife ecology, notably for studying the movements of elusive species such as seabirds. Those advances are key to seabird conservation, for example in guiding the design of marine protected areas for this highly threatened group. Tracking data are also boosting scientific understanding of marine ecosystem dynamics in the context of global change. To optimize future tracking efforts, we performed a global assessment of seabird tracking data. We identified and mined 689 seabird tracking studies, reporting on > 28,000 individuals of 216 species from 17 families over the last four decades. We found substantial knowledge gaps, reflecting a historical neglect of tropical seabird ecology, with biases toward species that are heavier, oceanic, and from high-latitude regions. Conservation status had little influence on seabird tracking propensity. We identified 54 threatened species for which we did not find published tracking records, and 19 with very little data. Additionally, much of the existing tracking data are not yet available to other researchers and decision-makers in online databases. We highlight priority species and regions for future tracking efforts. More broadly, we provide guidance toward an ethical, rational, and efficient global tracking program for seabirds, as a contribution to their conservation. |
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388 |
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1755-263X |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7981 |
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Author |
Tammy E. Davies, Ana P.B. Carneiro, Marguerite Tarzia, Ewan Wakefield, Janos C. Hennicke, Morten Frederiksen, Erpur Snær Hansen, Bruna Campos, Carolina Hazin, Ben Lascelles, Tycho Anker-Nilssen, Hólmfríður Arnardóttir, Robert T. Barrett, Manuel Biscoito, Loïc Bollache, Thierry Boulinier, Paulo Catry, Filipe R. Ceia, Olivier Chastel, Signe Christensen-Dalsgaard, Marta Cruz-Flores, Jóhannis Danielsen, Francis Daunt, Euan Dunn, Carsten Egevang, Ana Isabel Fagundes, Annette L. Fayet, Jérôme Fort, Robert W. Furness, Olivier Gilg, Jacob González-Solís, José Pedro Granadeiro, David Grémillet, Tim Guilford, Sveinn Are Hanssen, Michael P. Harris, April Hedd, Nicholas Per Huffeldt, Mark Jessopp, Yann Kolbeinsson, Johannes Krietsch, Johannes Lang, Jannie Fries Linnebjerg, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen, Jeremy Madeiros, Ellen Magnusdottir, Mark L. Mallory, Laura McFarlane Tranquilla, Flemming R. Merkel, Teresa Militão, Børge Moe, William A. Montevecchi, Virginia Morera-Pujol, Anders Mosbech, Verónica Neves, Mark A. Newell, Bergur Olsen, Vitor H. Paiva, Hans-Ulrich Peter, Aevar Petersen, Richard A. Phillips, Iván Ramírez, Jaime A. Ramos, Raül Ramos, Robert A. Ronconi, Peter G. Ryan, Niels Martin Schmidt, Ingvar A. Sigurðsson, Benoît Sittler, Harald Steen, Iain J. Stenhouse, Hallvard Strøm, Geir H. R. Systad, Paul Thompson, Thorkell L. Thórarinsson, Rob S.A. van Bemmelen, Sarah Wanless, Francis Zino, Maria P. Dias |
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Title |
Multispecies tracking reveals a major seabird hotspot in the North Atlantic |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Conservation Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
e12824 |
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Keywords |
area beyond national jurisdiction Atlantic biologging conservation high seas marine protected area regional seas convention |
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Abstract |
The conservation of migratory marine species, including pelagic seabirds, is challenging because their movements span vast distances frequently beyond national jurisdictions. Here, we aim to identify important aggregations of seabirds in the North Atlantic to inform ongoing regional conservation efforts. Using tracking, phenology, and population data, we mapped the abundance and diversity of 21 seabird species. This revealed a major hotspot associated with a discrete area of the subpolar frontal zone, used annually by 2.9–5 million seabirds from ≥56 colonies in the Atlantic: the first time this magnitude of seabird concentrations has been documented in the high seas. The hotspot is temporally stable and amenable to site-based conservation and is under consideration as a marine protected area by the OSPAR Commission. Protection could help mitigate current and future threats facing species in the area. Overall, our approach provides an exemplar data-driven pathway for future conservation efforts on the high seas. |
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Programme |
330,333,388,1036 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
1755-263X |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8293 |
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Author |
M. Afroosa, B. Rohith, Arya Paul, Fabien Durand, Romain Bourdallé-Badie, P. V. Sreedevi, Olivier de Viron, Valérie Ballu, S. S. C. Shenoi |
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Title |
Madden-Julian oscillation winds excite an intraseasonal see-saw of ocean mass that affects Earth’s polar motion |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Communications Earth & Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
2 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-8 |
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Keywords |
Physical oceanography |
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Abstract |
Strong large-scale winds can relay their energy to the ocean bottom and elicit an almost immediate intraseasonal barotropic (depth independent) response in the ocean. The intense winds associated with the Madden-Julian Oscillation over the Maritime Continent generate significant intraseasonal basin-wide barotropic sea level variability in the tropical Indian Ocean. Here we show, using a numerical model and a network of in-situ bottom pressure recorders, that the concerted barotropic response of the Indian and the Pacific Ocean to these winds leads to an intraseasonal see-saw of oceanic mass in the Indo-Pacific basin. This global-scale mass shift is unexpectedly fast, as we show that the mass field of the entire Indo-Pacific basin is dynamically adjusted to Madden-Julian Oscillation in a few days. We find this large-scale ocean see-saw, induced by the Madden-Julian Oscillation, has a detectable influence on the Earth’s polar axis motion, in particular during the strong see-saw of early 2013. |
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Programme |
688 |
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ISSN |
2662-4435 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8387 |
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Author |
R. Olmi, M. Bittelli, G. Picard, L. Arnaud, A. Mialon, S. Priori |
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Title |
Investigating the influence of the grain size and distribution on the macroscopic dielectric properties of Antarctic firn |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Cold Regions Science and Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
185 |
Issue |
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Pages |
103254 |
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Keywords |
Antarctica Close−off Dielectric measurements Dielectric model Firn Full wave EM simulations Ice cores |
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Abstract |
This study is based on the analysis of detailed measurements of firn dielectric properties performed in Antarctica through coring down to 106 m. Dielectric measurements in the frequency band (0.4–2.5 GHz) have been carried out using an open−resonator probe. Density was also measured for the same samples. The experimental results confirmed the well−known dependence of the real part of permittivity ε′ on depth and density, showing an increase of ε′ with density. The imaginary part also increases with depth with a rather complex dependence on frequency, probably due to the presence of salts or impurities. The analysis of the experimental data was performed by implementing 3D and 2D full wave numerical models, to simulate a mixture of firn crystals at prescribed densities, corresponding to the measured densities on the ice cores. The numerical analysis of the ensemble of inclusions showed that the usual symmetric formulae used for modeling ice dielectric properties agree with the average results of the simulation, but they are not able to explain the spreading of the measured data at given density. A dielectric model was then developed allowing for quantification of the dependence of dielectric properties on density, by combining two models: one consisting in firn crystals into an air host, the other assuming the presence of air inclusions into a homogeneous firn host. The weighted equation is based on the volume fraction. A simple geometric shape (ellipsoidal) is assumed for both ice crystals and air inclusions. This kind of shape is reasonable for the purpose of the dielectric study. The result is a mixture, smoothly changing from firn particles in air (low density) to air bubbles in an ice matrix (high density). A statistical analysis has been accomplished to investigate the dependence of the dielectric properties on the geometrical arrangement of the inclusions. For that purpose, a large number of simulations with different arrangements (micro−states) giving rise to the same average density (macro−states) has been carried out. The permittivity change due to micro−state variability appears to be at least two−three times the model variation due to density alone, and comparable to the measured variability at a given depth, suggesting that firn structure has a significant effect on the dielectric properties. |
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Programme |
1110 |
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ISSN |
0165-232X |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7995 |
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Author |
Marina Renedo, Zoyne Pedrero, David Amouroux, Yves Cherel, Paco Bustamante |
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Title |
Mercury isotopes of key tissues document mercury metabolic processes in seabirds |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Chemosphere |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
263 |
Issue |
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Pages |
127777 |
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Keywords |
Demethylation Detoxification Metabolism Methylmercury Moult |
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Abstract |
Seabirds accumulate significant amounts of mercury (Hg) due to their long-life span together with their medium to high trophic position in marine food webs. Hg speciation and Hg isotopic analyses of total Hg in different tissues (pectoral muscles, liver, brain, kidneys, blood and feathers) were assessed to investigate their detoxification mechanisms. Three species with contrasted ecological characteristics were studied: the Antarctic prion (zooplankton feeder), the white-chinned petrel (pelagic generalist consumer) and the southern giant petrel (scavenger on seabirds and marine mammals). The difference of mass-dependent fractionation (MDF, δ202Hg) values between liver and muscles (up to 0.94 ‰) in all three seabirds strongly suggests hepatic demethylation of the isotopically lighter methylmercury (MeHg) and subsequent redistribution of the isotopically heavier fraction of MeHg towards the muscles. Similarly, higher δ202Hg values in feathers (up to 1.88 ‰) relative to muscles and higher proportion of MeHg in feathers (94–97%) than muscles (30–70%) likely indicate potential MeHg demethylation in muscle and preferential excretion of MeHg (isotopically heavier) in the growing feathers during moult. The extents of these key detoxification processes were strongly dependent on the species-specific detoxification strategies and levels of dietary MeHg exposure. We also found higher mass-independent fractionation (MIF, Δ199Hg) values in feathers relative to internal tissues, possibly due to different integration times of Hg exposure between permanently active organs and inert tissues as feathers. Hg isotope variations reported in this study show evidence of detoxification processes in seabirds and propose a powerful approach for deep investigation of the Hg metabolic processes in seabirds. |
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Programme |
109 |
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ISSN |
0045-6535 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8084 |
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Author |
Lemonnier C, Schull Q, Stier A, Boonstra R, Delahanty B, Lefol E, Durand L, Robin J-p, Criscuolo F, Bize P &Amp; Va Viblanc |
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Title |
Coping with socially stressful environment in colonial seabirds: a test of adaptive phenotype programming in king penguins |
Type |
Peer-reviewed symposium |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
CEPA 5, Colloque d’Ecophysiologie Animale, 5ème édition, Montpellier, 2-4 novembre 2021. Poster. Actes du colloque |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
119 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8337 |
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Author |
Gómez Coutouly, Yan Axel |
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Title |
Un peuplement antérieur à 20 000 ans en Amérique ? Le caractère anthropique des sites de Pedra Furada (Brésil) en question |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Bulletin de la société préhistorique française |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
118 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
245-275 |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
1217 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8690 |
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Author |
Noor Johnson, Matthew L Druckenmiller, Finn Danielsen, Peter L Pulsifer |
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Title |
The Use of Digital Platforms for Community-Based Monitoring |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
BioScience |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
71 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
452-466 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Environmental observing programs that are based on Indigenous and local knowledge increasingly use digital technologies. Digital platforms may improve data management in community-based monitoring (CBM) programs, but little is known about how their use translates into tangible results. Drawing on published literature and a survey of 18 platforms, we examine why and how digital platforms are used in CBM programs and illuminate potential challenges and opportunities. Digital platforms make it easy to collect, archive, and share CBM data, facilitate data use, and support understanding larger-scale environmental patterns through interlinking with other platforms. Digital platforms, however, also introduce new challenges, with implications for the sustainability of CBM programs and communities’ abilities to maintain control of their own data. We expect that increased data access and strengthened technical capacity will create further demand within many communities for ethically developed platforms that aid in both local and larger-scale decision-making. |
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Programme |
1090,1206 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
0006-3568 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8248 |
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Author |
Hajo Eicken, Finn Danielsen, Josephine-Mary Sam, Maryann Fidel, Noor Johnson, Michael K Poulsen, Olivia A Lee, Katie V Spellman, Lisbeth Iversen, Peter Pulsifer, Martin Enghoff |
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Title |
Connecting Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches in Environmental Observing |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
BioScience |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
71 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
467-483 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Effective responses to rapid environmental change rely on observations to inform planning and decision-making. Reviewing literature from 124 programs across the globe and analyzing survey data for 30 Arctic community-based monitoring programs, we compare top-down, large-scale program driven approaches with bottom-up approaches initiated and steered at the community level. Connecting these two approaches and linking to Indigenous and local knowledge yields benefits including improved information products and enhanced observing program efficiency and sustainability. We identify core principles central to such improved links: matching observing program aims, scales, and ability to act on information; matching observing program and community priorities; fostering compatibility in observing methodology and data management; respect of Indigenous intellectual property rights and the implementation of free, prior, and informed consent; creating sufficient organizational support structures; and ensuring sustained community members’ commitment. Interventions to overcome challenges in adhering to these principles are discussed. |
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Programme |
1090,1206 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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0006-3568 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Serial |
8249 |
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Author |
Sara Labrousse, Alexander D. Fraser, Michael Sumner, Frédéric Le Manach, Christophe Sauser, Isabella Horstmann, Eileen Devane, Karine Delord, Stéphanie Jenouvrier, Christophe Barbraud |
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Title |
Landfast ice: a major driver of reproductive success in a polar seabird |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Biology Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
17 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
20210097 |
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Keywords |
breeding success climate window analysis emperor penguin nonlinear effect sea ice |
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Abstract |
In a fast-changing world, polar ecosystems are threatened by climate variability. Understanding the roles of fine-scale processes, and linear and nonlinear effects of climate factors on the demography of polar species is crucial for anticipating the future state of these fragile ecosystems. While the effects of sea ice on polar marine top predators are increasingly being studied, little is known about the impacts of landfast ice (LFI) on this species community. Based on a unique 39-year time series of satellite imagery and in situ meteorological conditions and on the world's longest dataset of emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) breeding parameters, we studied the effects of fine-scale variability of LFI and weather conditions on this species' reproductive success. We found that longer distances to the LFI edge (i.e. foraging areas) negatively affected the overall breeding success but also the fledging success. Climate window analyses suggested that chick mortality was particularly sensitive to LFI variability between August and November. Snowfall in May also affected hatching success. Given the sensitivity of LFI to storms and changes in wind direction, important future repercussions on the breeding habitat of emperor penguins are to be expected in the context of climate change. |
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Programme |
109 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8040 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
