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Tartu S, Angelier F, Wingfield J C, Bustamante P, Labadie P, Budzinski H, Weimerskirch H, Bustnes J O, Chastel O, . (2015). Corticosterone, prolactin and egg neglect behavior in relation to mercury and legacy POPs in a long-lived Antarctic bird.
. The Science of the total environment, 505, 180–8.
Abstract: Seabirds often have high loads of contaminants. These contaminants have endocrine disrupting properties but their relationships with some endocrine mechanisms are still poorly investigated in free-living organisms. This is the case for the stress response which shifts energy investment away from reproduction and redirects it towards survival. In birds, this stress response is achieved through a release of corticosterone and is also accompanied by a decrease in circulating prolactin, an anterior pituitary hormone widely involved in regulating parental cares. We measured blood concentrations of some legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and mercury (Hg) and examined their relationships with the corticosterone and prolactin responses of known-age (9-46 years old) incubating snow petrels (Pagodroma nivea) to a standardized capture/handling stress protocol. In this Antarctic seabird, we also investigated whether high contaminant burden correlates with a higher occurrence of egg neglect, a frequently observed behavior in snow petrels. POPs and Hg were unrelated to age. Stress-induced corticosterone concentrations were positively related to POPs in both sexes, and stress-induced prolactin concentrations were negatively related to Hg in males. Egg-neglect behavior was not related to POPs burden, but males with higher Hg concentrations were more likely to neglect their egg. This suggests that in birds, relationships between age and contaminants are complex and that even low to moderate concentrations of POPs and Hg are significantly related to hormonal secretion. In this Antarctic species, exposure to legacy POPs and Hg could make individuals more susceptible to environmental stressors such as ongoing disturbances in Polar Regions.
Keywords: Animals, Behavior, Animal, Behavior, Animal: drug effects, Birds, Birds: physiology, Corticosterone, Corticosterone: blood, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Pollutants, Environmental Pollutants: blood, Environmental Pollutants: toxicity, Female, Male, Mercury, Mercury: blood, Mercury: toxicity, Prolactin, Prolactin: blood, Stress, Physiological,
Programme: 109
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Grilli R, Marrocco N, Desbois T, Guillerm C, Triest J, Kerstel E, Romanini D, . (2014). Invited article: SUBGLACIOR: an optical analyzer embedded in an Antarctic ice probe for exploring the past climate.
. The Review of scientific instruments, 85(11), 111301.
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Agabi, A.; Aristidi, E.; Azouit, M.; Fossat, E.; Martin, F.; Sadibekova, T.; Vernin, J.; Ziad, A. (2006). First Whole Atmosphere Nighttime Seeing Measurements at Dome C, Antarctica. Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac., 118(840), 344–348.
Abstract: We report site-testing results obtained in the nighttime during the polar autumn and winter at Dome C. These results were collected during the first Concordia winterover by A. Agabi. They are based on seeing and isoplanatic angle monitoring, as well as in situ balloon measurements of the refractive index structure constant profiles C2n(h). Atmosphere is divided into two regions: (1) a 36 m high surface layer responsible for 87% of the turbulence, and (2) a very stable free atmosphere above, with a median seeing of 0.36“ +/- 0.19” at an elevation of h=30 m. The median seeing measured with a differential image motion monitor placed on top of an 8.5 m high tower is 1.3“ +/- 0.8”.
Keywords: Site Testing
Programme: 908
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Kenyon, S. L.; Lawrence, J. S.; Ashley, M. C. B.; Storey, J. W. V.; Tokovinin, A.; Fossat, E. (2006). Atmospheric Scintillation at Dome C, Antarctica: Implications for Photometryand Astrometry. The Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 118(944), 924–932.
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. (2017). Investigating snowpack volumes and icing dynamics in the moraine of an Arctic catchment using UAV photogrammetry (Vol. 32). Bachelor's thesis, , .
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Jouventin P. & Lagarde F. (1995). Evolutionary ecology of the King Penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus: the self-regulation of the breeding cycle..
Abstract: in The Penguins, ed. by P. Dann, I. Norman and P. Reilly, Surrey Beatty & Sons
Programme: 109
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Hansen James, Sato Makiko, Kharecha Pushker, Beerling David, Berner Robert, Masson-Delmotte Valerie, Pagani Mark, Raymo Maureen, Royer Dana L, Zachos James C,. (2008). Target Atmospheric CO2: Where Should Humanity Aim? The Open Atmospheric Science Journal, 2(1), 217–231.
Abstract: Paleoclimate data show that climate sensitivity is ~3 deg-C for doubled CO2, including only fast feedback processes. Equilibrium sensitivity, including slower surface albedo feedbacks, is ~6 deg-C for doubled CO2 for the range of climate states between glacial conditions and ice-free Antarctica. Decreasing CO2 was the main cause of a cooling trend that began 50 million years ago, large scale glaciation occurring when CO2 fell to 450 +/- 100 ppm, a level that will be exceeded within decades, barring prompt policy changes. If humanity wishes to preserve a planet similar to that on which civilization developed and to which life on Earth is adapted, paleoclimate evidence and ongoing climate change suggest that CO2 will need to be reduced from its current 385 ppm to at most 350 ppm. The largest uncertainty in the target arises from possible changes of non-CO2 forcings. An initial 350 ppm CO2 target may be achievable by phasing out coal use except where CO2 is captured and adopting agricultural and forestry practices that sequester carbon. If the present overshoot of this target CO2 is not brief, there is a possibility of seeding irreversible catastrophic effects.
Keywords: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics,
Programme: 458
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Gundestrup N.S., Johnsen S.J., Journe P. & Schwander J. (1996). The EPICA deep ice core drill. The Ocean and The Poles: Grand Challenges for European Cooperation, , 279–286.
Abstract: Edited by Gotthilf Hempel, Gustav Fisher Verlag, 1996
Programme: 960
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Maurette M. (1998). Micrometeorites on the early Earth. The molecular origin of life, , 147–186.
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Damien Ertz, Neil Sanderson, Marc Lebouvier. (2021). Thelopsis challenges the generic circumscription in the Gyalectaceae and brings new insights to the taxonomy of Ramonia (Vol. 53).
Abstract: The genus Thelopsis was classified in the family Stictidaceae but its systematic position has never been investigated by molecular methods. In order to determine its family placement and to test its monophyly, fungal DNA of recent collections of Thelopsis specimens was sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses using nuLSU, RPB2 and mtSSU sequences reveal that members of Thelopsis form a monophyletic group within the genus Gyalecta as currently accepted. The placement of Thelopsis, including the generic type T. rubella, within the genus Gyalecta challenges the generic circumscription of this group because Thelopsis is well recognized by the combination of morphological characters: perithecioid ascomata, well-developed periphysoids, polysporous asci and small, few-septate ellipsoid-oblong ascospores. The sterile sorediate Opegrapha corticola is also placed in the Gyalectaceae as sister species to Thelopsis byssoidea + T. rubella. Ascomata of O. corticola are illustrated for the first time and support its placement in the genus Thelopsis. The hypothesis that O. corticola might represent the sorediate fertile morph of T. rubella is not confirmed because the species is phylogenetically and morphologically distinct. Thelopsis is recovered as polyphyletic, with T. melathelia being placed as sister species to Ramonia. The new combinations Thelopsis corticola (Coppins & P. James) Sanderson & Ertz comb. nov. and Ramonia melathelia (Nyl.) Ertz comb. nov. are introduced and a new species of Gyalecta, G. amsterdamensis Ertz, is described from Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands, characterized by a sterile thallus with discrete soralia. Petractis luetkemuelleri and P. nodispora are accommodated in the new genus Neopetractis, differing from the generic type (P. clausa) by having a different phylogenetic position and a different photobiont. Francisrosea bicolor Ertz & Sanderson gen. & sp. nov. is described for a sterile sorediate lichen somewhat similar to Opegrapha corticola but having an isolated phylogenetic position as sister to a clade including Gyalidea praetermissa and the genera Neopetractis and Ramonia. Gyalecta farlowii, G. nidarosiensis and G. carneola are placed in a molecular phylogeny for the first time. The taxonomic significance of morphological characters in Gyalectaceae is discussed.
Keywords: Arthoniales Gyalectales lichen multispory phylogeny
Programme: 1167
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