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Title |
Determinants of individual foraging specialization in large marine vertebrates, the Antarctic and subantarctic fur seals.
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication  |
The Journal of animal ecology |
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Volume |
84 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1081-91 |
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Abstract |
The degree of individual specialization in resource use differs widely among wild populations where individuals range from fully generalized to highly specialized. This interindividual variation has profound implications in many ecological and evolutionary processes. A recent review proposed four main ecological causes of individual specialization: interspecific and intraspecific competition, ecological opportunity and predation. Using the isotopic signature of subsampled whiskers, we investigated to what degree three of these factors (interspecific and intraspecific competition and ecological opportunity) affect the population niche width and the level of individual foraging specialization in two fur seal species, the Antarctic and subantarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella and Arctocephalus tropicalis), over several years. Population niche width was greater when the two seal species bred in allopatry (low interspecific competition) than in sympatry or when seals bred in high-density stabilized colonies (high intraspecific competition). In agreement with the niche variation hypothesis (NVH), higher population niche width was associated with higher interindividual niche variation. However, in contrast to the NVH, all Antarctic females increased their niche width during the interbreeding period when they had potential access to a wider diversity of foraging grounds and associated prey (high ecological opportunities), suggesting they all dispersed to a similar productive area. The degree of individual specialization varied among populations and within the annual cycle. Highest levels of interindividual variation were found in a context of lower interspecific or higher intraspecific competition. Contrasted results were found concerning the effect of ecological opportunity. Depending on seal species, females exhibited either a greater or lower degree of individual specialization during the interbreeding period, reflecting species-specific biological constraints during that period. These results suggest a significant impact of ecological interactions on the population niche width and degree of individual specialization. Such variation at the individual level may be an important factor in the species plasticity with significant consequences on how it may respond to environmental variability.
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0021-8790 |
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6169 |
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Population density and climate shape early-life survival and recruitment in a long-lived pelagic seabird.
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
The Journal of animal ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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84 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1423-33 |
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109 |
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0021-8790 |
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yes |
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6180 |
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Scanff C., Bachelard C., Cazes G., Rosnet E. & Rivolier J. |
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Title |
Psychological Study of a Crew in Long-Term Space Flight Simulation. |
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1997 |
Publication |
The international journal of aviation psychology |
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7 |
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4 |
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293-309 |
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252 |
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yes |
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992 |
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Andrews JT, Belt ST, Olafsdottir S, Masse G, Vare LL, |
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Title |
Sea ice and marine climate variability for NW Iceland/Denmark Strait over the last 2000 cal. yr BP
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
The Holocene |
Abbreviated Journal |
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19 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
775 -784 |
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Abstract |
MD99-2263 is a 46 cm box core collected from Djupall, a trough that cuts across the NW Iceland Shelf and ends above Denmark Strait. We provide a multiproxy record that documents changes in the regional marine climate over the last ~1700 yr. The depth/age model is based on seven calibrated radiocarbon dates on mollusk shells and on 210Pb and 137Cs. Sediment accumulation rates were variable (0.2--0.8 mm/yr) but increased dramatically ~AD 1500. Grain-size, magnetic properties, quantitative mineral composition of the <2 mm sediment fraction, benthic foraminiferal composition, benthic and planktic {Delta}18O ratios, and abundances/fluxes of the sea ice biomarker IP25 were determined. To better compare the various proxies, 12 of the critical climate proxies were co-ordinated into 100-yr/sample time series, which were examined by Principal Component Analysis. The 1st axis explained 49% of the variance and the 2nd axis explained an additional 17%. The variables most strongly associated with the 1st axis were sediment properties (phi mean, clay%) and the sea ice biomarker. Mineralogical indicators of drift ice rafting, such as the presence of quartz and potassium- and sodium-feldspars, coincide with the IP25 biomarker data and show an increase after AD 1200, but high values of quartz and some feldspars also occurred between c. AD 300 and 900 with pronounced minima between AD 900 and 1100. Overall, our data suggest a simple two-fold division in climate conditions over the last 1700 yr, with the major change occurring c. AD 1200. In the last few decades, conditions have reverted towards those experienced prior to AD 1200.
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452 |
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0959-6836 |
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yes |
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1965 |
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Author |
Vare L L, Masse G, Belt S T, |
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Title |
A biomarker-based reconstruction of sea ice conditions for the Barents Sea in recent centuries
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
The Holocene |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
20 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
637 -643 |
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Abstract |
Variations in sea ice occurrence for the Barents Sea since c. AD 1700 have been determined by analysis of the abundance of the sea ice biomarker IP25 in three marine sediment box cores obtained from locations in the north, southeast and southwest parts of the region. Depth/age models for each core were established using excess 210Pb activity profiles. Comparisons between these depth/age models with those reported previously for the Barents Sea, suggest that the proxy sea ice record may, alternatively, extend back to c. AD 1500--1600. Sedimentation accumulation rates and bulk densities were combined with IP 25 concentrations, resulting in temporal changes to IP25 fluxes, which have been interpreted in terms of sea ice variability. The IP25 sea ice proxy data are also compared with other bulk organic geochemical parameters (total organic carbon and C/N ratios) and with sediment particle size distributions. The data indicate ice-free conditions for the southwest Barents Sea for the past c. 300 yr, consistent with previous reports based on historical sea ice records. In contrast, the combined proxy data from the southeast and north Barents Sea suggest variable spring sea ice occurrence on a c. 10--50 yr timescale, with reduced sea ice over the last c. 40--100 yr. In the early record, an enhanced sea ice occurrence is observed for the southeast Barents Sea during the mid--late nineteenth century, but as early as c. AD 1780 for the northern region. The outcomes of this study are broadly consistent with those obtained from ice edge position determinations derived previously from observational records. The study also demonstrates the potential of using IP25 as a sea ice proxy for longer-term palaeo sea ice determinations (e.g. the Holocene) for the Barents Sea.
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452 |
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0959-6836 |
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yes |
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1969 |
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Title |
Is palynology a credible climate proxy in the Subantarctic?
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2012 |
Publication |
The Holocene |
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22 |
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10 |
Pages |
1113 -1121 |
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136 |
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0959-6836 |
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yes |
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4016 |
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Author |
Najat Bhiry, Armelle Decaulne, Myosotis Bourgon-Desroches |
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2019 |
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The Holocene |
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29 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1459-1467 |
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1148 |
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0959-6836 |
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0959-6836 |
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yes |
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7470 |
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Title |
Holocene dust in East Antarctica: Provenance and variability in time and space |
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2020 |
Publication |
The Holocene |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
30 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
546-558 |
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Keywords |
East Antarctica ice cores dust dust stratigraphy Holocene provenance |
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In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-knowledge of dust flux and variability in time and space in different sectors of East Antarctica during the Holocene. By integrating the literature data with new evidences, we discuss the dust flux and grain-size variability during the current interglacial and its provenance in the innermost part of the East Antarctic plateau as well as in peripheral regions located close to the Transantarctic Mountains. The local importance of aeolian mineral dust aerosol deflated from low-elevation areas of peripheral East Antarctica is also discussed in the light of new data from several coastal, low-elevation sites. |
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0959-6836 |
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yes |
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7610 |
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Homogeneous sulfur isotope signature in East Antarctica and implication for sulfur source shifts through the last glacial-interglacial cycle |
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Communication |
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2020 |
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The Geochemical Society of Japan |
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1177 |
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7865 |
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Author |
Annabel Rixen, Sylvie Blangy |
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2016 |
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The Extractive Industries and Society |
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3 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
297-312 |
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Keywords |
Caribou livelihoods Future scenarios Inuit well-being Mine closure Participatory action research Remediation |
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1193 |
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2214-790X |
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6044 |
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