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Title |
Ducatina umbilicata gen. et sp. nov., a remarkable Trapeliaceae from the subantarctic islands in the Indian Ocean |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication  |
The Lichenologist |
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Volume |
49 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
127-140 |
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136 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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0024-2829 |
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yes |
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Serial |
6481 |
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Title |
Mass spectrometry as a versatile ancillary technique for the rapid in situ identification of lichen metabolites directly from TLC plates |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
The Lichenologist |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
49 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
507-520 |
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Keywords |
acetone extracts analytical techniques chemical profiling Usnea trachycarpa |
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Abstract |
Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) still enjoys widespread popularity among lichenologists as one of the fastest and simplest analytical strategies, today remaining the primary method of assessing the secondary product content of lichens. The pitfalls associated with this approach are well known as TLC leads to characterizing compounds by comparison with standards rather than properly identifying them, which might lead to erroneous assignments, accounting for the long-held interest in hyphenating TLC with dedicated identification tools. As such, commercially available TLC/Mass Spectrometry (MS) interfaces can be easily connected to any brand of mass spectrometer without adjustments. The spots of interest are extracted from the TLC plate to retrieve mass spectrometric signals within one minute, thereby ensuring accurate identification of the chromatographed substances. The results of this hyphenated strategy for lichens are presented here by 1) describing the TLC migration and direct MS analysis of single lichen metabolites of various structural classes, 2) highlighting it through the chemical profiling of crude acetone extracts of a set of lichens of known chemical composition, and finally 3) applying it to a lichen of unknown profile, Usnea trachycarpa. |
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136 |
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ISSN |
0024-2829, 1096-1135 |
ISBN |
0024-2829, 1096-1135 |
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yes |
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Serial |
7025 |
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Title |
Health access inequities and magic medicine: the first ancient evidence? |
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Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
The Lancet |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
395 |
Issue |
10233 |
Pages |
1343-1344 |
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Abstract |
Inequities in access to the latest advances in health care and effective drugs constitute public health problems today,1 but was this also the case in ancient societies when practitioners used traditional medicines with limited means? The excavation of frozen graves in Yakutia (present day eastern Siberia, Russia) dating from 1700 CE2 led to the identification of a woman, buried almost naked, covered with a magnificent robe and with half a horse bit in her mouth (figure). The other half of the horse bit was found in the trunk behind her head with her earrings, bracelets, and signet rings. |
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1038 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Elsevier |
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0140-6736, 1474-547X |
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yes |
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Serial |
7666 |
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Title |
Modelling species response to climate change in sub-Antarctic islands: echinoids as a case study for the Kerguelen Plateau |
Type |
Peer-reviewed symposium |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
The Kerguelen plateau: marine ecosystem and fisheries. Proceedings of the second symposium, November 2017, Australia |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
95-116 |
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Programme |
1044 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8713 |
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Title |
Long-term monitoring of coastal benthic habitats in the Kerguelen Islands: a legacy of decades of marine biology research |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
The kerguelen plateau: marine ecosystem and fisheries. proceedings of the second symposium |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
383-402 |
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Keywords |
sub-Antarctic islands, climate change, frontal shifts, marine reserve, benthos monitoring, thermo recorders, settlement plots, artificial reefs, habitat mapping, scientific diving |
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Abstract |
In the current context of climate change, sea-surface temperature variation, sea level rise and latitudinal shifts of currents and hydrological fronts are expected to affect marine biodiversity of the sub-Antarctic Islands, particularly in coastal waters. Characterising the impacts of climate change on marine communities requires recording environmental modifications through the establishment of long-term monitoring. PROTEKER aims at the establishment of a submarine observatory consisting of multi-disciplinary research: oceanography, habitat mapping and species inventories, genetic, eco-physiological and trophic analyses. It also aims to provide scientific standards for the management of the Kerguelen Marine Reserve. Eighteen sampling sites of previous programs were revisited by scuba diving among which eight were selected for monitoring and were progressively equipped. ROV observations and beam trawling have also been conducted for contextualisation. These sites (Morbihan Bay (4), North (2) and South (2) coast) are monitored using photo/video surveys, temperature and salinity sensors, and settlement plots. Sessile communities collected on settlement plots will be characterised yearly through morphological and DNA techniques. Phylogeographical studies of target taxa are being conducted to improve our knowledge of endemicity and connectivity levels among sub-Antarctic islands. |
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Programme |
1044 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
978-1-876934-30-9 |
ISBN |
978-1-876934-30-9 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7491 |
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Author |
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Title |
Modeling species response to climate change in sub-Antarctic islands – Echinoids as a case study for the Kerguelen Plateau. |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
The kerguelen plateau: marine ecosystem and fisheries. proceedings of the second symposium |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
383-402 |
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Keywords |
species distribution model, trophic niche, isotopic niche, biotic interaction, distribution dynamics |
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Abstract |
In the Kerguelen Islands, the multiple effects of climate change are expected to impact coastal marine habitats. Species distribution models (SDM) can represent a convenient tool to predict the biogeographic response of species to climate change but biotic interactions are not considered in these models. Nevertheless, new species interactions can emerge in communities exposed to environmental changes and the structure of biotic interactions is directly related to the potential resilience of ecosystems. Trophic interaction studies can help predict species vulnerability to environmental changes using carbon (?13C) and nitrogen (?15N) stable isotope ratios to generate trophic models. Using new available data inputs, we generated robust SDM and trophic interaction models to assess the potential response and sensitivity of three echinoid species to future worst-case scenarios of environmental change in the Kerguelen Plateau region. The two modelling approaches provide contrasting insights into the potential responses of each species to future environmental changes with both approaches identifying Abatus cordatus to be particularly vulnerable due to its narrow ecological niche and endemism to near-shore areas. Coupling insights gained from trophic niche ecology with species distribution modelling represents a promising approach that can improve our understanding and ability to predict the potential responses of species to future habitat changes. |
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Programme |
1044 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
978-1-876934-30-9 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7494 |
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Author |
K. Collomp, C. Buisson, F. Lasne, R. Collomp |
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Title |
DHEA, physical exercise and doping |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
145 |
Issue |
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Pages |
206-212 |
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Keywords |
Acute physical exercise Antidoping analysis Chronic physical exercise Ergogenic effects |
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Abstract |
The dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) concentrations during acute and chronic exercise (training) have been investigated only fairly recently. DHEA is generally preferred to DHEA-S for exploring the acute exercise repercussions in laboratory or field tests because of its shorter elimination half-life. Conversely, DHEA-S is preferred to estimate chronic adaptations. Both can be measured noninvasively in saliva, and it is therefore possible to follow these hormone responses in elite athletes during competitive events and in healthy and pathological populations, without imposing additional stress. Indeed, the correlation between saliva and serum concentrations is high for steroid hormones, both at rest and during exercise. In this review, we will first summarize the current knowledge on the DHEA/DHEA-S responses to exercise and examine the potential modulating factors: exercise intensity, gender, age, and training. We will then discuss the ergogenic effects that athletes expect from the exogenous administration of DHEA and the antidoping methods of analysis currently used to detect this abuse. |
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1199 |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0960-0760 |
ISBN |
0960-0760 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7276 |
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Author |
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Title |
Heart rate as a predictor of energy expenditure in undisturbed fasting and incubating penguins.
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
The Journal of experimental biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Exp. Biol. |
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Volume |
213 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
153 -60 |
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Keywords |
Animals, Energy Metabolism, Fasting, Fasting: physiology, Female, Heart Rate, Male, Nesting Behavior, Nesting Behavior: physiology, Spheniscidae, Spheniscidae: physiology, |
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Abstract |
Heart rate (f(H)) measurement offers the possibility to monitor energy expenditure (EE) in wild animals if the EE/f(H) relationship for the species, physiological stages and activities of interest is known. This relationship has been extensively studied using oxygen consumption rate ( ) measurement in captive, repeatedly handled king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus). Unfortunately, the potential effects of stress on the observed relationships resulting from handling and confinement were not considered. This study is the first involving undisturbed animals, and determines the EE/f(H) relationship in naturally fasting and freely incubating or captivity-acclimatized male and female king penguins. EE determination was based on (1) the measurement of body mass loss during periods of phase II fasting, and (2) the calculation of its energy equivalent from changes in body composition, i.e. 23.9 kJ g(-1). f(H) levels in freely incubating and captivity-acclimatized birds were found to be 50-70% lower than those previously reported for resting king penguins during measurements. Significant EE/f(H) relationships were found in freely incubating and captive males and females (R(2)=0.59 to 0.84), with no difference observed between genders. The best overall relationship was obtained by including fasting duration (t, days) in the model: EE=818+43.7xf(H)+36.3t-1.4txf(H) (R(2)=0.91). This equation yielded EE estimates approximately 26% higher than the previously reported 'best' predictive equation in king penguins, and even more so when f(H) was low. This result suggests that stress induces a disproportionate increase of f(H) vs O(2) consumption, and that the use of EE/f(H) relationships obtained in stressed birds could lead to underestimated EE values.
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Programme |
119;394 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0022-0949 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
71 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
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Title |
Measuring foraging activity in a deep-diving bird: comparing wiggles, oesophageal temperatures and beak-opening angles as proxies of feeding.
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
The Journal of experimental biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Exp. Biol. |
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Volume |
213 |
Issue |
Pt 22 |
Pages |
3874 -80 |
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Keywords |
Animals, Beak, Beak: physiology, Behavior, Animal, Behavior, Animal: physiology, Body Temperature, Body Temperature: physiology, Diving, Diving: physiology, Ecosystem, Esophagus, Esophagus: physiology, Feeding Behavior, Feeding Behavior: physiology, Food Chain, Male, Predatory Behavior, Predatory Behavior: physiology, Remote Sensing Technology, Remote Sensing Technology: instrumentation, Remote Sensing Technology: veterinary, Spheniscidae, Spheniscidae: physiology, |
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Abstract |
Quantification of prey consumption by marine predators is key to understanding the organisation of ecosystems. This especially concerns penguins, which are major consumers of southern food webs. As direct observation of their feeding activity is not possible, several indirect methods have been developed that take advantage of miniaturised data logging technology, most commonly: detection of (i) anomalies in diving profiles (wiggles), (ii) drops in oesophageal temperature and (iii) the opening of mouth parts (recorded with a Hall sensor). In the present study, we used these three techniques to compare their validity and obtain information about the feeding activity of two free-ranging king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus). Crucially, and for the first time, two types of beak-opening events were identified. Type A was believed to correspond to failed prey-capture attempts and type B to successful attempts, because, in nearly all cases, only type B was followed by a drop in oesophageal temperature. The number of beak-opening events, oesophageal temperature drops and wiggles per dive were all correlated. However, for a given dive, the number of wiggles and oesophageal temperature drops were lower than the number of beak-opening events. Our results suggest that recording beak opening is a very accurate method for detecting prey ingestions by diving seabirds at a fine scale. However, these advantages are counterbalanced by the difficulty, and hence potential adverse effects, of instrumenting birds with the necessary sensor/magnet, which is in contrast to the less accurate but more practicable methods of measuring dive profiles or, to a lesser extent, oesophageal temperature.
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Programme |
394 |
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Series Issue |
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ISSN |
0022-0949 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1635 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
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Title |
Are stress hormone levels a good proxy of foraging success? An experiment with king penguins, Aptenodytes patagonicus.
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
The Journal of experimental biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Exp. Biol. |
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Volume |
212 |
Issue |
17 |
Pages |
2824 -9 |
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Keywords |
Animals, Body Composition, Corticosterone, Corticosterone: blood, Eating, Feeding Behavior, Female, Male, Spheniscidae, Spheniscidae: anatomy & histology, Spheniscidae: metabolism, Spheniscidae: physiology, |
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Abstract |
In seabirds, variations in stress hormone (corticosterone; henceforth CORT) levels have been shown to reflect changing marine conditions and, especially, changes in food availability. However, it remains unclear how CORT levels can be mechanistically affected by these changes at the individual level. Specifically, the influence of food acquisition and foraging success on CORT secretion is poorly understood. In this study, we tested whether food acquisition can reduce baseline CORT levels (;the food intake hypothesis') by experimentally reducing foraging success of King Penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus). Although CORT levels overall decreased during a foraging trip, CORT levels did not differ between experimental birds and controls. These results demonstrate that mass gain at sea is not involved in changes in baseline CORT levels in this species. The overall decrease in CORT levels during a foraging trip could result from CORT-mediated energy regulation (;the energy utilisation hypothesis'). Along with other evidence, we suggest that the influence of foraging success and food intake on CORT levels is complex and that the ecological meaning of baseline CORT levels can definitely vary between species and ecological contexts. Therefore, further studies are needed to better understand (1) how baseline CORT levels are functionally regulated according to energetic status and energetic demands and (2) to what extent CORT can be used to aid in the conservation of seabird populations.
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Programme |
109;394 |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Summary Language |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0022-0949 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2217 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
