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Alexandre Kukui, Rodrigue Loisil, Michael Kerbrat, Markus Frey, Jaime Gil Roca, Bruno Jourdain, Gérard Ancellet, Slimane Bekki, Michel Legrand, and Susanne Preunkert |
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Title |
OH and RO2 radicals at Dome C (East Antarctica): first observations and assessment of photochemical budget |
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Conference - International - Communication |
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2013 |
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EGU Vienna 2013 |
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EGU2013-7398 |
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903 |
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yes |
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4381 |
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William Vicars, Joël Savarino, Joseph Erbland, Susanne Preunkert, Bruno Jourdain, Markus Frey, Jaime Gil, and Michel Legrand |
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Title |
Oxygen isotope dynamics of atmospheric nitrate over the Antarctic plateau: First combined measurements of ozone and nitrate 17O-excess (Δ17O) |
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Conference - International - Poster |
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2013 |
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EGU Vienna 2013 |
Issue |
EGU2013-8401 |
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903 |
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4383 |
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Jaime E. Gil, Jennie Thomas, Slimane Bekki, Alexandre Kukui, Gerad Ancellet, Susanne Preunkert, Michel Legrand, Markus Frey, Joel Savarino, Bruno Jourdain, Michael Kerbrat, James France, Martin King, and Ralf Toumi |
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Title |
Lagrangian modelling of OPALE dataset. |
Type |
Conference - International - Poster |
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Year |
2013 |
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Volume |
EGU Vienna 2013 |
Issue |
EGU2013-9242 |
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903 |
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yes |
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4384 |
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Jaime E. Gil, Jennie Thomas, Roland von Glasgow, Slimane Bekki, Alexandre Kukui, Markus Frey, Bruno Jourdain, Michael Kerbrat, Christophe Genthon, Susanne Preunkert, and Michel Legrand |
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Title |
1D Chemical Modeling of coupled snow-atmosphere chemistry at Dome C Antarctica |
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Conference - International - Poster |
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2013 |
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EGU Vienna 2013 |
Issue |
EGU2013-9590 |
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903 |
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yes |
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4385 |
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Kukui A, Legrand M, Preunkert S, Frey M M, Loisil R, Gil Roca J, Jourdain B, King M D, France J L, Ancellet G, |
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Title |
Measurements of OH and RO2 radicals at Dome C, East Antarctica
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
14999-15044 |
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Abstract |
Concentrations of OH radicals and the sum of peroxy radicals, RO2, were measured in the boundary layer for the first time on the East Antarctic Plateau at the Concordia Station (Dome C, 75.10 S, 123.31 E) during the austral summer 2011/2012. The median concentrations of OH and RO2 radicals were 3.1×106 molecule cm-3 and 9.9×107 molecule cm-3, respectively. These values are comparable to those observed at the South Pole, confirming that the elevated oxidative capacity of the Antarctic atmospheric boundary layer found at the South Pole is not restricted to the South Pole but common over the high Antarctic plateau. At Concordia, the concentration of radicals showed distinct diurnal profiles with the median maximum of 5.2×106 molecule cm-3 at 11:00 and the median minimum of 1.1×106 molecule cm-3 at 01:00 for OH radicals and 1.7×108 molecule cm-3 and 2.5×107 molecule cm-3 for RO2 radicals at 13:00 and 23:00, respectively (all times are local times). Concurrent measurements of O3, HONO, NO, NO2, HCHO and H2O2 demonstrated that the major primary source of OH and RO2 radicals at Dome C was the photolysis of HONO, HCHO and H2O2, with the photolysis of HONO contributing _ 75% of total primary radical production. However, photochemical modelling with accounting for all these radical sources overestimates the concentrations of OH and RO2 radicals by a factor of 2 compared to field observations. Neglecting the OH production from HONO in the photochemical modelling results in an underestimation of the concentrations of OH and RO2 radicals by a factor of 2. To explain the observations of radicals in this case an additional source of OH equivalent to about 25% of measured photolysis of HONO is required. Even with a factor of 4 reduction in the concentrations of HONO, the photolysis of HONO represents the major primary radical source at Dome C. Another major factor leading to the large concentration of OH radicals measured at Dome C was large concentrations of NO molecules and fast recycling of peroxy radicals to OH radicals. |
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903 |
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Copernicus Publications |
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1680-7375 |
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yes |
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Serial |
5184 |
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Author |
Legrand M, Preunkert S, Frey M, Bartels-Rausch T, Kukui A, King M D, Savarino J, Kerbrat M, Jourdain B, |
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Title |
Large mixing ratios of atmospheric nitrous acid (HONO) at Concordia (East Antarctic plateau) in summer: a strong source from surface snow?
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
11749-11785 |
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During the austral summer 2011/2012 atmospheric nitrous acid was investigated for the second time at the Concordia site (75060 S, 123330 E) located on the East Antarctic plateau by deploying a long path absorption photometer (LOPAP). Hourly mixing ratios of HONO measured in December 2011/January 2012 (35±5.0 pptv) were similar to those measured in December 2010/January 2011 (30.4±3.5 pptv). The large value of the HONO mixing ratio at the remote Concordia site suggests a local source of HONO in addition to weak production from oxidation of NO by the OH radical. Laboratory experiments demonstrate that surface snow removed from Concordia can produce gas phase HONO at mixing ratios half that of NOx mixing ratio produced in the same experiment at typical temperatures encountered at Concordia in summer. Using these lab data and the emission flux of NOx from snow estimated from the vertical gradient of atmospheric concentrations measured during the campaign, a mean diurnal HONO snow emission ranging between 0.5 and 0.8×109 moleculescm-2 s-1 is calculated. Model calculations indicate that, in addition to around 1.2 pptv of HONO produced by the NO oxidation, these HONO snow emissions can only explain 6.5 to 10.5 pptv of HONO in the atmosphere at Concordia. To explain the difference between observed and simulated HONO mixing ratios, tests were done both in the field and at lab to explore the possibility that the presence of HNO4 had biased the measurements of HONO. |
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903 |
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Copernicus Publications |
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1680-7375 |
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yes |
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5195 |
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Frey M M, Roscoe H K, Kukui A, Savarino J, France J L, King M D, Legrand M, Preunkert S, |
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Title |
Atmospheric nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2) at Dome C, East Antarctica, during the OPALE campaign
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
14 |
Pages |
7859-7875 |
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Abstract |
Mixing ratios of the atmospheric nitrogen oxides NO and NO2 were measured as part of the OPALE (Oxidant Production in Antarctic Lands & Export) campaign at Dome C, East Antarctica (75.1° S, 123.3° E, 3233 m), during December 2011 to January 2012. Profiles of NOx mixing ratios of the lower 100 m of the atmosphere confirm that, in contrast to the South Pole, air chemistry at Dome C is strongly influenced by large diurnal cycles in solar irradiance and a sudden collapse of the atmospheric boundary layer in the early evening. Depth profiles of mixing ratios in firn air suggest that the upper snowpack at Dome C holds a significant reservoir of photolytically produced NO2 and is a sink of gas-phase ozone (O3). First-time observations of bromine oxide (BrO) at Dome C show that mixing ratios of BrO near the ground are low, certainly less than 5 pptv, with higher levels in the free troposphere. Assuming steady state, observed mixing ratios of BrO and RO2 radicals are too low to explain the large NO2 : NO ratios found in ambient air, possibly indicating the existence of an unknown process contributing to the atmospheric chemistry of reactive nitrogen above the Antarctic Plateau. During 2011–2012, NOx mixing ratios and flux were larger than in 2009–2010, consistent with also larger surface O3 mixing ratios resulting from increased net O3 production. Large NOx mixing ratios at Dome C arise from a combination of continuous sunlight, shallow mixing height and significant NOx emissions by surface snow (FNOx). During 23 December 2011–12 January 2012, median FNOx was twice that during the same period in 2009–2010 due to significantly larger atmospheric turbulence and a slightly stronger snowpack source. A tripling of FNOx in December 2011 was largely due to changes in snowpack source strength caused primarily by changes in NO3- concentrations in the snow skin layer, and only to a secondary order by decrease of total column O3 and associated increase in NO3- photolysis rates. A source of uncertainty in model estimates of FNOx is the quantum yield of NO3- photolysis in natural snow, which may change over time as the snow ages. |
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903 |
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Copernicus GmbH |
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1680-7316 |
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yes |
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6156 |
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Author |
Preunkert S, Legrand M, Frey M M, Kukui A, Savarino J, Gallée H, King M, Jourdain B, Vicars W, Helmig D, |
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Title |
Formaldehyde (HCHO) in air, snow, and interstitial air at Concordia (East Antarctic Plateau) in summer
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
15 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
6689-6705 |
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Abstract |
During the 2011/12 and 2012/13 austral summers, HCHO was investigated for the first time in ambient air, snow, and interstitial air at the Concordia site, located near Dome C on the East Antarctic Plateau, by deploying an Aerolaser AL-4021 analyzer. Snow emission fluxes were estimated from vertical gradients of mixing ratios observed at 1 cm and 1 m above the snow surface as well as in interstitial air a few centimeters below the surface and in air just above the snowpack. Typical flux values range between 1 and 2 × 1012 molecules m-2 s-1 at night and 3 and 5 × 1012 molecules m-2 s-1 at noon. Shading experiments suggest that the photochemical HCHO production in the snowpack at Concordia remains negligible compared to temperature-driven air–snow exchanges. At 1 m above the snow surface, the observed mean mixing ratio of 130 pptv and its diurnal cycle characterized by a slight decrease around noon are quite well reproduced by 1-D simulations that include snow emissions and gas-phase methane oxidation chemistry. Simulations indicate that the gas-phase production from CH4 oxidation largely contributes (66%) to the observed HCHO mixing ratios. In addition, HCHO snow emissions account for ~ 30% at night and ~ 10% at noon to the observed HCHO levels. |
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903 |
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Copernicus GmbH |
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1680-7316 |
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yes |
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6158 |
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Author |
M. Legrand, R. Weller, S. Preunkert, B. Jourdain |
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Title |
Ammonium in Antarctic Aerosol: Marine Biological Activity Versus Long-Range Transport of Biomass Burning |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Geophysical Research Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
48 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
e2021GL092826 |
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Keywords |
aerosol black carbon ammonium Antarctic biomass burning et marine biota oxalate potassium |
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Abstract |
Year-round records of the ionic composition of Antarctic aerosol were obtained at the inland Dome C (DC) and coastal Neumayer (NM) sites, with additional observations of black carbon (BC) at NM. Discussions focus on the origin of ammonium in Antarctica. This first Antarctic atmospheric study of several species emitted by biomass burning (BB) indicates that BC and oxalate reach a maximum in October in relation to BB activity in the southern hemisphere. Ammonium reaches a maximum 2 months later, suggesting that BB remains a minor ammonium source there. The ammonium maximum in December coincides with the occurrence of diatom blooms in the austral ocean, suggesting that oceanic ammonia emissions are the main source of ammonium in Antarctica. The ammonium to sulfur-derived biogenic species molar ratio of 0.15 in summer suggests far lower ammonia emissions from the Antarctic oceans than midlatitude southern oceans. |
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903 |
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ISSN |
1944-8007 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8252 |
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Landais A, Dreyfus G, Capron E, Pol K, Loutre M F, Raynaud D, Lipenkov V Y, Arnaud L, Masson-Delmotte V, Paillard D, Jouzel J, Leuenberger M, |
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Title |
Towards orbital dating of the EPICA Dome C ice core using dO2/N2 |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Clim. Past Discuss. |
Abbreviated Journal |
1814-9324 |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
2217-2259 |
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902;1013 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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Copernicus Publications |
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1814-9359 |
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3589 |
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