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Scanff C., Bachelard C., Cazes G., Rosnet E. & Rivolier J. (1997). Psychological Study of a Crew in Long-Term Space Flight Simulation. The international journal of aviation psychology, 7(4), 293–309.
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Gauthier-Clerc M., Clerquin Y. & Handrich Y. (1998). Hyperinfestation by ticks ixodes uriae : a possible cause of death in adult king penguins, a long-lived seabird. Colonial waterbirds, 21(2), 229–233.
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Engrand C., Maurette M., Kurat G., Brandstatter F. & Perreau M. (1993). A new carbon-rich phase('COPS') in Antarctic micrometeorites. Lunar and planetary science, 24, 441.
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Greenwald R., Ruohoniemi J.M., Baker K.B., Britow W.A., Sofko G.J., Villain J.P., Lester M. & Slavin J. (1999). Convective response to a transient increase in dayside reconnection. J. Geophys. Res., 104(a5), 10007–10015.
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Talbot, D.A.; Duchamp, C.; Rey, B.; Hanuise, N.; Rouanet, J.L.; Sibille, B.; Brand, M.D. (2004). Uncoupling protein and ATP/ADP carrier increase mitochondrial proton conductance after cold adaptation of king penguins. J. Physiol. (Lond.), 558(1), 123–135.
Abstract: Juvenile king penguins develop adaptive thermogenesis after repeated immersion in cold water. However, the mechanisms of such metabolic adaptation in birds are unknown, as they lack brown adipose tissue and uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1), which mediate adaptive non-shivering thermogenesis in mammals. We used three different groups of juvenile king penguins to investigate the mitochondrial basis of avian adaptive thermogenesis . Skeletal muscle mitochondria isolated from penguins that had never been immersed in cold water showed no superoxide-stimulated proton conductance, indicating no functional avian UCP. Skeletal muscle mitochondria from penguins that had been either experimentally immersed or naturally adapted to cold water did possess functional avian UCP, demonstrated by a superoxide-stimulated, GDP-inhibitable proton conductance across their inner membrane. This was associated with a markedly greater abundance of avian UCP mRNA. In the presence (but not the absence) of fatty acids, these mitochondria also showed a greater adenine nucleotide translocase-catalysed proton conductance than those from never-immersed penguins. This was due to an increase in the amount of adenine nucleotide translocase. Therefore, adaptive thermogenesis in juvenile king penguins is linked to two separate mechanisms of uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle mitochondria: increased proton transport activity of avian UCP (dependent on superoxide and inhibited by GDP) and increased proton transport activity of the adenine nucleotide translocase (dependent on fatty acids and inhibited by carboxyatractylate).
Programme: 131
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Skora S. (1994). Les Manchots antarctiques: Une adaptation remarquable au milieu polaire. Contribution à l'étude de la thermorégulation chez le..
Abstract: Thèse présentée pour l'obtention du grade légal de Docteur en Sciences Géologiqu
Programme: 131
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