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Author |
Van de Vijver Bart, |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Phytotaxa |
Abbreviated Journal |
1179-3155 |
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Volume |
184 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
139-139 |
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Keywords  |
Brachysira, Iles Kerguelen, Navicula brachysira, morphology, new species, sub-Antarctica, |
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Abstract |
During a study of the freshwater diatom flora of some hot springs on the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands, an unknown Brachysira species was observed. Detailed morphological analysis using both light and scanning electron microscopy observations revealed sufficient morphological differences to separate this species as Brachysira sandrae sp. nov. The new species belongs to the complex of taxa around B. brebissonii . The type material of Navicula brachysira , most likely the type of B. brebissonii , was studied to reveal its morphological ultrastructure. The new species is compared with B. brebissonii and with similar Brachysira taxa worldwide.
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136 |
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1179-3155 |
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yes |
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5752 |
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Author |
Gustavo J. Goni, Janet Sprintall, Francis Bringas, Lijing Cheng, Mauro Cirano, Shenfu Dong, Ricardo Domingues, Marlos Goes, Hosmay Lopez, Rosemary Morrow, Ulises Rivero, Thomas Rossby, Robert E. Todd, Joaquin Trinanes, Nathalie Zilberman, Molly Baringer, Tim Boyer, Rebecca Cowley, Catia M. Domingues, Katherine Hutchinson, Martin Kramp, Mauricio M. Mata, Franco Reseghetti, Charles Sun, Udaya Bhaskar TVS, Denis Volkov |
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Title |
More Than 50 Years of Successful Continuous Temperature Section Measurements by the Global Expendable Bathythermograph Network, Its Integrability, Societal Benefits, and Future |
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Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Marine Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Boundary current Expendable bathythermograph (XBT) Meridional heat transport surface current Upper ocean thermal structure |
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Abstract |
The first eXpendable BathyThermographs (XBTs) were deployed in the 1960s in the North Atlantic Ocean. In 1967 XBTs were deployed in operational mode to provide a continuous record of temperature profile data along repeated transects, now known as the Global XBT Network. The current network is designed to monitor ocean circulation and boundary current variability, basin-wide and trans-basin ocean heat transport, and global and regional heat content. The ability of the XBT Network to systematically map the upper ocean thermal field in multiple basins with repeated trans-basin sections at eddy-resolving scales remains unmatched today and cannot be reproduced at present by any other observing platform. Some repeated XBT transects have now been continuously occupied for more than 30 years, providing an unprecedented long-term climate record of temperature and geostrophic velocity profiles that are used to understand variability in ocean heat content, sea level change, and meridional ocean heat transport. Here, we present key scientific advances in understanding the changing ocean and climate system supported by XBT observations. Improvement in XBT data quality and its impact on computations, particularly of ocean heat content, are presented. Technology development for probes, launchers, and transmission techniques are also discussed. Finally, we offer new perspectives for the future of the Global XBT Network. |
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694 |
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ISSN |
2296-7745 |
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yes |
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Serial |
7714 |
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Title |
Climate change in the Arctic: Testing the poleward expansion of ticks and tick-borne diseases |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Global Change Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
29 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
1729-1740 |
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Keywords |
Borrelia colonial seabirds invasion Ixodes uriae Ixodidae Lyme disease Rissa tridactyla Svalbard Uria lomvia |
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Abstract |
Climate change is most strongly felt in the polar regions of the world, with significant impacts on the species that live there. The arrival of parasites and pathogens from more temperate areas may become a significant problem for these populations, but current observations of parasite presence often lack a historical reference of prior absence. Observations in the high Arctic of the seabird tick Ixodes uriae suggested that this species expanded poleward in the last two decades in relation to climate change. As this tick can have a direct impact on the breeding success of its seabird hosts and vectors several pathogens, including Lyme disease spirochaetes, understanding its invasion dynamics is essential for predicting its impact on polar seabird populations. Here, we use population genetic data and host serology to test the hypothesis that I. uriae recently expanded into Svalbard. Both black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) and thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia) were sampled for ticks and blood in Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen. Ticks were genotyped using microsatellite markers and population genetic analyses were performed using data from 14 reference populations from across the tick's northern distribution. In contrast to predictions, the Spitsbergen population showed high genetic diversity and significant differentiation from reference populations, suggesting long-term isolation. Host serology also demonstrated a high exposure rate to Lyme disease spirochaetes (Bbsl). Targeted PCR and sequencing confirmed the presence of Borrelia garinii in a Spitsbergen tick, demonstrating the presence of Lyme disease bacteria in the high Arctic for the first time. Taken together, results contradict the notion that I. uriae has recently expanded into the high Arctic. Rather, this tick has likely been present for some time, maintaining relatively high population sizes and an endemic transmission cycle of Bbsl. Close future observations of population infestation/infection rates will now be necessary to relate epidemiological changes to ongoing climate modifications. |
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333 |
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ISSN |
1365-2486 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8499 |
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Title |
First detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato DNA in king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus halli).
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ticks and tick-borne diseases |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
939-42 |
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Keywords |
Borrelia burgdorferi, Crozet Archipelago, Epidemiology, King penguins, Lyme disease, Spirochetemia, |
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Abstract |
The hard tick Ixodes uriae parasitises a wide range of seabird species in the circumpolar areas of both Northern and Southern hemispheres and has been shown to be infected with Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the bacterial agents of Lyme borreliosis. Although it is assumed that seabirds represent viable reservoir hosts, direct demonstrations of infection are limited to a single study from the Northern hemisphere. Here, the blood of 50 tick-infested adult king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus halli) breeding in the Crozet Archipelago (Southern Indian Ocean) was examined for B. burgdorferi sl exposure by serology and for spirochetemia by in vitro DNA amplification. Four birds were found positive by serology, whereas B. burgdorferi sl DNA was detected in two other birds. Our data therefore provide the first direct proof of Borrelia burgdorferi sl spirochetes in seabirds of the Southern hemisphere and indicate a possible reservoir role for king penguins in the natural maintenance of this bacterium. Although the bacterial genetic diversity present in these hosts and the infectious period for tick vectors remain to be elucidated, our results add to a growing body of knowledge on the contribution of seabirds to the complex epizootiology of Lyme disease and the global dissemination of B. burgdorferi sl spirochetes.
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394 |
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ISSN |
1877-959X |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
5821 |
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Author |
Anais J. Orsi, Kenji Kawamura, Valerie Masson-Delmotte, Xavier Fettweis, Jason E. Box, Dorthe Dahl-Jensen, Gary D. Clow, Amaelle Landais, Jeffrey P. Severinghaus |
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Title |
The recent warming trend in North Greenland |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Geophysical Research Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
44 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
6235-6243 |
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Keywords |
borehole temperature Greenland ice sheet surface warming |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
458 |
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ISSN |
1944-8007 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8273 |
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Author |
Bozda Ebru, Trampert Jeannot, |
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Title |
Assessment of tomographic mantle models using spectral element seismograms
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Geophysical Journal International |
Abbreviated Journal |
0956-540X |
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Volume |
180 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1187-1199 |
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Keywords |
Body waves, Surface waves and free oscillations, Seismic tomography, Computational seismology, Wave propagation, Crustal structure, |
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Abstract |
We investigated the agreement between real seismograms and those predicted by long wavelength mantle models by looking at phase and amplitude differences. We computed full synthetic seismograms using a spectral element method together with 3-D mantle models and the appropriate crustal model on top. We selected differently damped mantle models to see the effect of regularization on the computed seismograms. To check the phase agreement, we measured time-shifts between the real and synthetic surface waves and body wave phases such as P, S and SS using a cross-correlation technique. We also compared the amplitudes of the real and synthetic seismograms to understand how well the models explain not only the phases, but the whole waveforms. 3-D mantle models improve the phase agreement of surface waves in particular. The remaining misfit, however, is still so large that we cannot distinguish between different tomographic models. We suggest that this is mainly due to an imperfect modelling of the crust, and/or source location if body waves are included, which have to be addressed in future inversions. Amplitude mismatches are large, regardless which 3-D mantle model is used. We observe that 3-D scattering or focusing/defocusing effects can only explain half of the surface wave amplitudes whereas body wave amplitudes are dominated by scattering effects. 1-D Q models, particularly in the crust and upper-mantle, strongly affect surface wave amplitudes and have to be modelled properly.
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133 |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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ISSN |
1365-246X |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
3225 |
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Author |
Ritsema J, Van Heijst H J, Woodhouse J H, Deuss A, |
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Title |
Long-period body wave traveltimes through the crust: implication for crustal corrections and seismic tomography
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Geophysical Journal International |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
179 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
1255-1261 |
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Keywords |
Body waves, Seismic tomography, Wave propagation, Crustal structure, |
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Abstract |
The traveltimes of P and SH waves through the crust depend strongly on wave period. At periods longer than 1015 s, where traveltime measurements for indirect (e.g. surface reflected and core reflected) waves are typically made, the traveltimes are shorter than predicted by ray theory. Crustal corrections, often used in global mantle tomography to isolate the effects of the crust on teleseismic traveltimes, may have a complex frequency dependence and influence finite-frequency inversions. Crustal corrections for profiles of CRUST2.0 and the PREM reference model for the mantle may be several seconds larger or smaller than ray-theoretical values, depending on crustal thickness, crustal velocities and wave period. This variability is observed in the difference times between the seismic phases SS and S and between PP and P. It is therefore important to incorporate the effects of the crust on traveltimes in finite-frequency tomography, in order to take full advantage of the variable mantle sensitivity of body waves at different periods.
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133 |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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ISSN |
1365-246X |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2905 |
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Author |
Deuss Arwen, |
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Title |
Heterogeneity and Anisotropy of Earth's Inner Core
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
0084-6597 |
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Volume |
42 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
103-126 |
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Keywords |
body waves, dynamics, free oscillations, iron, mineralogy, seismology, solidification, |
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Programme |
133 |
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Annual Reviews |
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0084-6597 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
5915 |
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Author |
Hwang Yong Keun, Ritsema Jeroen, |
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Title |
Radial Q structure of the lower mantle from teleseismic body-wave spectra
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
303 |
Issue |
34 |
Pages |
369-375 |
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Keywords |
Body waves, Attenuation, Lower mantle, |
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Programme |
133 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
0012-821X |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
3791 |
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Author |
Kenta Ohara, Yuji Yagi, Shinji Yamashita, Ryo Okuwaki, Shiro Hirano, Yukitoshi Fukahata |
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Title |
Complex evolution of the 2016 Kaikoura earthquake revealed by teleseismic body waves |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Progress in Earth and Planetary Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
35 |
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Keywords |
Body waves Earthquake dynamics Earthquake source observation Waveform inversion |
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133 |
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ISSN |
2197-4284 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8531 |
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