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. (2021). Comparative egg attendance patterns of incubating polar petrels (Vol. 9).
Keywords: Biologging Cape petrel Egg neglect Egg temperatures Egg turning rates Snow petrel
Programme: 109
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. (2021). Toward a global strategy for seabird tracking (Vol. 14).
Abstract: Electronic tracking technologies revolutionized wildlife ecology, notably for studying the movements of elusive species such as seabirds. Those advances are key to seabird conservation, for example in guiding the design of marine protected areas for this highly threatened group. Tracking data are also boosting scientific understanding of marine ecosystem dynamics in the context of global change. To optimize future tracking efforts, we performed a global assessment of seabird tracking data. We identified and mined 689 seabird tracking studies, reporting on > 28,000 individuals of 216 species from 17 families over the last four decades. We found substantial knowledge gaps, reflecting a historical neglect of tropical seabird ecology, with biases toward species that are heavier, oceanic, and from high-latitude regions. Conservation status had little influence on seabird tracking propensity. We identified 54 threatened species for which we did not find published tracking records, and 19 with very little data. Additionally, much of the existing tracking data are not yet available to other researchers and decision-makers in online databases. We highlight priority species and regions for future tracking efforts. More broadly, we provide guidance toward an ethical, rational, and efficient global tracking program for seabirds, as a contribution to their conservation.
Keywords: biogeography biologging biotelemetry ecological monitoring marine conservation oceanography spatial planning threatened species
Programme: 388
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. (2021). Contribution of toothfish depredated on fishing lines to the energy intake of killer whales off the Crozet Islands: a multi-scale bioenergetic approach (Vol. 668).
Abstract: Fisheries modify prey availability for marine predators by extracting resources but also by providing them with new feeding opportunities. Among these, depredation, which occurs when predators feed on fish caught on fishing gear, is a behavior developed by many species as a way to acquire food through limited foraging effort. However, the extent to which depredated resources from fisheries contribute to the energetic requirements and affect the demography of depredating individuals is unknown. We investigated the contribution of Patagonian toothfish Dissostichus eleginoides depredated on longlines to the energetic requirements of killer whales Orcinus orca around the Crozet Islands (southern Indian Ocean) over the period 2007-2018. Our results indicate that during days when depredation occurred, depredating individuals fulfilled on average 94.1% of their daily energetic requirements with depredated toothfish. However, the contribution varied from 1.2 to 13.3% of the monthly energetic requirements and from 2.4 to 8.8% of the yearly energetic requirements of the total population. Together, these findings suggest that intake of depredated toothfish can be substantial at a fine scale (daily and individually), potentially leading to temporary provisioning effects and changes in predation pressures. These effects become minor (<10%), however, when considering the full population over a whole year. The contribution of depredated fish to the annual energetic requirements of the population has increased in recent years, likely due to larger fishing quotas and greater opportunities for whales to depredate, which stresses the importance of accounting for depredation in ecosystem-based management of fishing activity.
Keywords: Bioenergetic model Depredation Dissostichus eleginoides Ecosystem-based management Fisheries interaction Marine mammals Orcinus orca Top predator conservation
Programme: 109
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F. Thibon, L. Weppe, N. Vigier, C. Churlaud, T. Lacoue-Labarthe, M. Metian, Y. Cherel, P. Bustamante. (2021). Large-scale survey of lithium concentrations in marine organisms (Vol. 751).
Keywords: Bio-reduction Bioaccumulation Biogeography Ecotoxicology Multiple correspondence analyses Trophic webs
Programme: 109
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. (2021). Spatial segregation in a sexually dimorphic central place forager: Competitive exclusion or niche divergence? (Vol. 90). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Keywords: bio-logging central place foraging ecological niche theory intraspecific competition kernel density estimates resource selection functions sexual segregation wandering albatross
Programme: 109,394
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. (2021). Theoretical and Experimental Analysis for Cleaning Ice Cores from EstisolTM 140 Drill Liquid (Vol. 11).
Keywords: Beyond EPICA drilling Estisol ice cores
Programme: 1202
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Samantha C. Patrick, Julien G. A. Martin, Caroline C. Ummenhofer, Alexandre Corbeau, Henri Weimerskirch. (2021). Albatrosses respond adaptively to climate variability by changing variance in a foraging trait (Vol. 27).
Keywords: bet-hedging intra-individual variability resource acquisition salt-water immersion logger seabirds Southern Oscillation Index
Programme: 109
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. (2021). Similar at-sea behaviour but different habitat use between failed and successful breeding albatrosses (Vol. 678).
Abstract: Breeding failure is expected to induce behavioural changes in central place foragers. Indeed, after a failed reproductive attempt, breeding individuals are relieved from having to return to their breeding site for reproductive duties and thus are less constrained than successful breeders in their movements during the remainder of the breeding season. Accordingly, they are expected to adjust their behaviour, travelling longer in distance and/or time to reach foraging grounds. They are also expected to use different foraging areas to decrease local intra-specific competition with successful breeders. We compared the at-sea behaviour and habitat use of successful and failed Indian yellow-nosed albatrosses nesting in Amsterdam Island, Southern Indian Ocean, during 2 chick-rearing seasons. Failed breeders exhibited the same at-sea foraging behaviour, travelling as far and as long as successful breeders. They also spent the same amount of time on their nest between at-sea trips. Nevertheless, habitat models revealed partial spatial segregation of failed breeders, which used specific foraging areas characterized by deeper and colder waters in addition to the areas they shared with successful breeders. Our study shows the importance of combining a range of analytical methods (spatial analysis, behavioural inferences with advanced movement models and habitat models) to infer the at-sea behaviour and habitat use of seabirds. It also stresses the importance of considering individual breeding status when aiming to understand the spatial distribution of individuals, especially when this information may have conservation implications.
Keywords: Behavioural state Breeding failure Foraging behaviour Habitat models Inter-individual variability Procellariiformes Thalassarche carteri
Programme: 109
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. (2021). Fine-scale spatial segregation in a pelagic seabird driven by differential use of tidewater glacier fronts (Vol. 11).
Abstract: In colonially breeding marine predators, individual movements and colonial segregation are influenced by seascape characteristics. Tidewater glacier fronts are important features of the Arctic seascape and are often described as foraging hotspots. Albeit their documented importance for wildlife, little is known about their structuring effect on Arctic predator movements and space use. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that tidewater glacier fronts can influence marine bird foraging patterns and drive spatial segregation among adjacent colonies. We analysed movements of black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) in a glacial fjord by tracking breeding individuals from five colonies. Although breeding kittiwakes were observed to travel up to ca. 280 km from the colony, individuals were more likely to use glacier fronts located closer to their colony and rarely used glacier fronts located farther away than 18 km. Such variation in the use of glacier fronts created fine-scale spatial segregation among the four closest (ca. 7 km distance on average) kittiwake colonies. Overall, our results support the hypothesis that spatially predictable foraging patches like glacier fronts can have strong structuring effects on predator movements and can modulate the magnitude of intercolonial spatial segregation in central-place foragers.
Keywords: Behavioural ecology Biogeography
Programme: 330
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. (2021). (Vol. 91). Bachelor's thesis, , .
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