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Author |
Armelle Decaulne, Najat Bhiry, Julien Lebrun, Samuel Veilleux, Denis Sarrazin |
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Title |
Geomorphic evidence of Holocene slope dynamics on the Canadian shield – a study from Lac à l’Eau-Claire, western Nunavik |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Écoscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
0 |
Issue |
0 |
Pages |
1-15 |
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Keywords  |
éboulis gélifraction Nunavik scree slope dynamics Talus |
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Abstract |
We present the results of a study of the morphometric properties of a talus slope in subarctic Quebec (Nunavik) using field-based methods, including geomorphological, granulometric and plant distribution surveys, and statistical analyses. Slope processes are currently active, despite the limited altitudinal difference between the apical-to-distal parts of the slope and the imminent depletion of the debris supply. The near-rectilinear long profiles of the talus highlight the distribution of debris across the slope and demonstrate that free-fall of rock fragments is not the only process operating (redistribution is higher in the westernmost profile, which exhibits a clear concave shape). The spatial distribution of vegetation covering the screes highlights the recent age of parts of the talus, showing that present-day processes are still active, although limited. The short remaining apical rockwall highlights the shortage of debris following deglaciation, as debris are mostly supplied by freeze-thaw processes to the talus, and are then reworked by other processes which need to be better defined in subsequent research. |
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1148 |
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1195-6860 |
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1195-6860 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6778 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Armelle Decaulne, Najat Bhiry, Julien Lebrun, Samuel Veilleux, Denis Sarrazin |
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Title |
Geomorphic evidence of Holocene slope dynamics on the Canadian shield – a study from Lac à l’Eau-Claire, western Nunavik |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Écoscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
25 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
343-357 |
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Keywords |
éboulis gélifraction Nunavik scree slope dynamics Talus |
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Abstract |
We present the results of a study of the morphometric properties of a talus slope in subarctic Quebec (Nunavik) using field-based methods, including geomorphological, granulometric and plant distribution surveys, and statistical analyses. Slope processes are currently active, despite the limited altitudinal difference between the apical-to-distal parts of the slope and the imminent depletion of the debris supply. The near-rectilinear long profiles of the talus highlight the distribution of debris across the slope and demonstrate that free-fall of rock fragments is not the only process operating (redistribution is higher in the westernmost profile, which exhibits a clear concave shape). The spatial distribution of vegetation covering the screes highlights the recent age of parts of the talus, showing that present-day processes are still active, although limited. The short remaining apical rockwall highlights the shortage of debris following deglaciation, as debris are mostly supplied by freeze-thaw processes to the talus, and are then reworked by other processes which need to be better defined in subsequent research. |
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1148 |
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1195-6860 |
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1195-6860 |
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yes |
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Serial |
7428 |
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Author |
Kerbrat Michael, Legrand Michel, Preunkert Susanne, Gallée Hubert, Kleffmann Jörg, |
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Title |
Nitrous acid at Concordia (inland site) and Dumont d'Urville (coastal site), East Antarctica
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
117 |
Issue |
D8 |
Pages |
D08303- |
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Keywords |
East Antarctica, LOPAP, nitrous acid, 0322 Constituent sources and sinks, 0365 Troposphere: composition and chemistry, 0368 Troposphere: constituent transport and chemistry, |
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Abstract |
During the austral summer 2010/2011, nitrous acid (HONO) was investigated for the first time at Concordia (75°06S, 123°33E) and Dumont D'Urville (66°40S, 140°01E), two sites located in East Antarctica. Hereby, for the first time in Antarctica, HONO was measured by deploying a long path absorption photometer (LOPAP). At Concordia, HONO mixing ratios at 1 m above the snow surface ranged between 5 and 60 pptv from end of December 2010 to mid January 2011. Lowest levels were observed under cloudy conditions. Levels exhibit a diurnal cycle with a maximum in the morning (around 06:00) and in the evening (around 21:00). At Dumont d'Urville, background mixing ratios remained close to 2 pptv in February 2011. No clear diurnal cycles were detected at that site but several events of air masses export from inland Antarctica were encountered with enhanced HONO levels (10 pptv) at night. These first HONO data gained in East Antarctica are discussed in terms of sources and sinks along with synoptic weather conditions.
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414;903 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
2156-2202 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
3817 |
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Author |
Causse Romain, Ozouf-Costaz Catherine, Koubbi Philippe, Lamy Dominique, Eléaume Marc, Dettaï Agnès, Duhamel Guy, Busson Frédéric, Pruvost Patrice, Post Alexandra, Beaman Robin J, Riddle Martin J, |
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Title |
Demersal ichthyofaunal shelf communities from the Dumont dUrville Sea (East Antarctica)
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Polar Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
272-285 |
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Keywords |
East Antarctica, Demersal fish, Notothenioidei, Community structure, |
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Abstract |
The RSV Aurora Australis survey allowed the first comprehensive study of the demersal ichthyofaunal environment and of the diversity of the Dumont dUrville Sea. We observed a high dominance of the Notothenioidei in both the number of species and in integrated abundances. The Nototheniidae was the most abundant family with 44.7% of the total integrated abundance, followed by Bathydraconidae (18.8%). Trematomus eulepidotus was the dominant species with 19.9% of the total individuals catch. Nevertheless, 43 of the 53 species caught could be considered as very rare. The Bathydraconidae was the most diversified family with 11 species caught. The highest integrated abundances of fish were found from 400 to 800 m. Well-structured species communities were observed, with high species richness from 570 to 681 m. The richest zones were located along the basins and along their upper-sides. Statistical analyses indicated large-scale spatial patterns in species composition, with clear differences in fish communities from the continental slopes, the basins and on the shelf. At a finer spatial scale, the current in the George V Basin and iceberg scouring on the banks and their sides tended to create locally heterogeneous small-scale habitats. We suggest that the glacial history and the structured habitats allowed successive colonisations of the seabed by demersal fish. |
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Programme |
1124 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1873-9652 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
3684 |
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Author |
Barbara Delmonte, Holly Winton, Mélanie Baroni, Giovanni Baccolo, Margareta Hansson, Per Andersson, Carlo Baroni, Maria Cristina Salvatore, Luca Lanci, Valter Maggi |
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Title |
Holocene dust in East Antarctica: Provenance and variability in time and space |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
The Holocene |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
30 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
546-558 |
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Keywords |
East Antarctica ice cores dust dust stratigraphy Holocene provenance |
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Abstract |
In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of the state-of-knowledge of dust flux and variability in time and space in different sectors of East Antarctica during the Holocene. By integrating the literature data with new evidences, we discuss the dust flux and grain-size variability during the current interglacial and its provenance in the innermost part of the East Antarctic plateau as well as in peripheral regions located close to the Transantarctic Mountains. The local importance of aeolian mineral dust aerosol deflated from low-elevation areas of peripheral East Antarctica is also discussed in the light of new data from several coastal, low-elevation sites. |
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Programme |
1145 |
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ISSN |
0959-6836 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7610 |
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Author |
Koubbi Philippe, Ozouf-Costaz Catherine, Goarant Anne, Moteki Masato, Hulley Percy-Alexander, Causse Romain, Dettai Agns, Duhamel Guy, Pruvost Patrice, Tavernier Eric, Post Alexandra L, Beaman Robin J, Rintoul Stephen R, Hirawake Toru, Hirano Daisuke, Ishimaru Takashi, Riddle Martin, Hosie Graham, |
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Title |
Estimating the biodiversity of the East Antarctic shelf and oceanic zone for ecoregionalisation: Example of the ichthyofauna of the CEAMARC (Collaborative East Antarctic Marine Census) CAML surveys
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Polar Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
4 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
115 -133 |
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Keywords |
East Antarctic shelf, Ichthyofauna, Ecoregionalisation, Generalized dissimilarity modeling, Dumont d'Urville Sea, |
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Abstract |
Ecoregions are defined in terms of community structure as a function of abiotic or even anthropogenic forcing. They are meso-scale structures defined as the potential habitat of a species or the predicted communities geographic extent. We assume that they can be more easily defined for long-lived species, such as benthos or neritic fish, in the marine environment. Uncertainties exist for the pelagic realm because of its higher variability, plus little is known about the meso- and bathypelagic zones. A changing environment and modification of habitats will probably drive new communities from plankton to fish or top predators. We need baseline studies, such as those of the Census of Antarctic Marine Life, and databases like SCAR-MarBIN as tools for integrating all of these observations. Our objective is to understand the biodiversity patterns in the Southern Ocean and how these might change through time. |
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1124;1142 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Summary Language |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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ISSN |
1873-9652 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
123 |
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Author |
Félicie Korostelev, Yang Lu, Fabrizio Magrini, Lapo Boschi, Sylvie Leroy, William Vétel |
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Title |
Images of the East African Rift System by Global Adaptive-Resolution Surface-Wave Tomography |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
127 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
e2021JB023570 |
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Keywords |
East African Rift System surface-wave velocity model |
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Abstract |
In this study we map the entire East African Rift System (EARS) within a global surface-wave velocity model to better constrain the structure of the underlying mantle, as well as patterns that might be associated with its continuation in the Mozambique Channel. We use all publicly available seismograms from the African continent, amounting to 1296 stations and more than 30 years of recordings. From these data, we obtain dispersion curves using both ambient noise and teleseismic earthquakes. To our measurements, we add global counterparts and jointly invert them for phase-velocity maps. We exploit a linearized inversion based on the ray theory, with an adaptive parameterization that allows for maximizing the resolution of the final maps based on the density of data coverage. We thus image the main African cratons and also some of the Archean blocks within them. We highlight the discontinuous nature of magmatic activity along the EARS and also display low-velocity anomalies beneath the Comores Archipelago, Madagascar and Bassas da India volcanic islands and seamounts. This last low-velocity anomaly is in the direct continuation of the EARS and could unveil an important magmatic system in the Mozambique Channel. |
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Programme |
133 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2169-9356 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8574 |
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Author |
Ryo Okuwaki, Stephen P. Hicks, Timothy J. Craig, Wenyuan Fan, Saskia Goes, Tim J. Wright, Yuji Yagi |
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Title |
Illuminating a Contorted Slab With a Complex Intraslab Rupture Evolution During the 2021 Mw 7.3 East Cape, New Zealand Earthquake |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Geophysical Research Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
48 |
Issue |
24 |
Pages |
e2021GL095117 |
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Keywords |
earthquake rupture finite-fault inversion Hikurangi intraslab earthquakes slab geometry source imaging |
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Abstract |
The state-of-stress within subducting oceanic plates controls rupture processes of deep intraslab earthquakes. However, little is known about how the large-scale plate geometry and the stress regime relate to the physical nature of the deep intraslab earthquakes. Here we find, by using globally and locally observed seismic records, that the moment magnitude 7.3 2021 East Cape, New Zealand earthquake was driven by a combination of shallow trench-normal extension and unexpectedly, deep trench-parallel compression. We find multiple rupture episodes comprising a mixture of reverse, strike-slip, and normal faulting. Reverse faulting due to the trench-parallel compression is unexpected given the apparent subduction direction, so we require a differential buoyancy-driven stress rotation, which contorts the slab near the edge of the Hikurangi plateau. Our finding highlights that buoyant features in subducting plates may cause diverse rupture behavior of intraslab earthquakes due to the resulting heterogeneous stress state within slabs. |
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Programme |
133 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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ISSN |
1944-8007 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8313 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Vallée Martin, Satriano Claudio, |
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Title |
Ten year recurrence time between two major earthquakes affecting the same fault segment
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Geophysical Research Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
41 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
2312-2318 |
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Keywords |
earthquake recurrence, rerupture, seismic gap hypothesis, dynamic stress, Scotia, 7215 Earthquake source observations, 7223 Earthquake interaction, forecasting, and prediction, 7203 Body waves, 7209 Earthquake dynamics, 7250 Transform faults, |
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Abstract |
Earthquake ruptures stop when they encounter barriers impeding further propagation. These barriers can theoretically originate from changes of geometry or nature of the seismic faults or from a strong lowering of the tectonic stresses, typically due to the occurrence of a recent major earthquake. We show here that this latter mechanism can be ineffective at stopping rupture expansion: the 17 November 2013 magnitude 7.8 Scotia Sea earthquake has propagated into a 100 km long zone already ruptured 10 years ago by a magnitude 7.6 earthquake. Given the plate velocities between Scotia and Antarctic plates (8–9 mm/yr), simple recurrence models would have predicted that the segment affected by the 2003 earthquake could not be reruptured by a major earthquake during several hundreds of years. This earthquake pair indicates that the variations of the tectonic stress during the seismic history of the fault are small compared to the stresses dynamically generated by a large earthquake. |
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133 |
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ISSN |
1944-8007 |
ISBN |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
5025 |
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Author |
Z. Duputel, L. Rivera |
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Title |
Long-period analysis of the 2016 Kaikoura earthquake |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
265 |
Issue |
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Pages |
62-66 |
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Keywords |
Earthquake Megathrust New Zealand Strike-slip Surface waves |
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Abstract |
The recent Mw=7.8 Kaikoura (New Zealand) earthquake involved a remarkably complex rupture propagating in an intricate network of faults at the transition between the Alpine fault in the South Island and the Kermadec-Tonga subduction zone. We investigate the main features of this complicated rupture process using long-period seismological observations. Apparent Rayleigh-wave moment-rate functions reveal a clear northeastward directivity with an unusually weak rupture initiation during 60s followed by a major 20s burst of moment rate. To further explore the rupture process, we perform a Bayesian exploration of multiple point-source parameters in a 3-D Earth model. The results show that the rupture initiated as a small strike-slip rupture and propagated to the northeast, triggering large slip on both strike-slip and thrust faults. The Kaikoura earthquake is thus a rare instance in which slip on intraplate faults trigger extensive interplate thrust faulting. This clearly outlines the importance of accounting for secondary faults when assessing seismic and tsunami hazard in subduction zones. |
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Programme |
133 |
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ISSN |
0031-9201 |
ISBN |
0031-9201 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6769 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
