| Records |
| Author |
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| Title |
Taxonomy based on limited genomic markers may underestimate species diversity of rockhopper penguins and threaten their conservation |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Diversity and Distributions |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
27 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
2277-2296 |
Keywords  |
Eudyptes genomics rockhopper penguins species delimitation |
| Abstract |
Aim Delimiting recently diverged species is challenging. During speciation, genetic differentiation may be distributed unevenly across the genome, as different genomic regions can be subject to different selective pressures and evolutionary histories. Reliance on limited numbers of genetic markers that may be underpowered can make species delimitation even more challenging, potentially resulting in taxonomic inconsistencies. Rockhopper penguins of the genus Eudyptes comprise three broadly recognized taxa: northern (E. moseleyi), southern (E. chrysocome) and eastern rockhopper (E. filholi). Their taxonomic status has been controversial for decades, with researchers disagreeing about whether E. chrysocome and E. filholi are distinct species or conspecific. Our goal is to evaluate genome-wide patterns of divergence to evaluate genetic differentiation and species delimitation in rockhopper penguins, and to assess which mechanisms may underlie previous discordance among nuclear versus mitochondrial analyses. Location Sub-Antarctic and temperate coastal regions of the Southern Hemisphere. Methods We generated reduced-representation genomic libraries using double digest restriction-site associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing to evaluate genetic differentiation, contemporary migration rates and admixture among colonies of rockhopper penguins. Results The extent of genetic differentiation among the three taxa was consistently higher than population-level genetic differentiation found within these and other penguin species. There was no evidence of admixture among the three taxa, suggesting the absence of ongoing gene flow among them. Species delimitation analyses based on molecular data, along with other lines of evidence, provide strong support for the taxonomic distinction of three species of rockhopper penguins. Main conclusions Our results provide strong support for the existence of three distinct species of rockhopper penguins. The recognition of this taxonomic diversity is crucial for the management and conservation of this widely distributed species group. This study illustrates that widespread dispersive seabird lineages lacking obvious morphological differences may nevertheless have complex evolutionary histories and comprise cryptic species diversity. |
| Programme |
354 |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1472-4642 |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
8421 |
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| Author |
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| Title |
Ethnoarchaeology of Fuel Use in Northern Forests: Towards a Better Characterization of Prehistoric Fire-Related Activities |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Ethnoarchaeology |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
99-120 |
| Keywords |
Ethnoarchaeology ethnobotany fuel use North America Siberia |
| Abstract |
Prehistoric fuel management and hearth functions are key research issues that have benefitted from the development of experimental and ethnoarchaeogical approaches aimed at providing interpretative models for archaeological fire and fuel studies.In this paper, we present a selection of ethnographic, ethnoarchaeological and ethnohistorical data mostly collected among Evenks and Athabascans of East Siberia and North America. Our aim is to question and discuss the relationship between fuel and hearth functions from an ethnoarchaeobotanical perspective: what are the criteria for selecting plant fuels? How archaeologically visible can these diverse fuel types be and what do they tell us about past fire-related activities?Our data shows that the contents of combustion structures result from multiple people-environment interactions at different levels, few of which are accessible to the archaeologist. Nevertheless, ethnoarchaeology, by fostering a reflection on taphonomy issues in the broad sense, actively contributes to methodological developments leading to a better understanding of complex technical fire-related processes. |
| Programme |
1140 |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1944-2890 |
ISBN |
1944-2890 |
Medium |
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Expedition |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
7239 |
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| Author |
Stier Antoine, Romestaing Caroline, Schull Quentin, Lefol Emilie, Robin Jean?Patrice, Roussel Damien, Bize Pierre, Davey Matthew |
| Title |
How to measure mitochondrial function in birds using red blood cells: a case study in the king penguin and perspectives in ecology and evolution |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Methods in Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
8 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
1172-1182 |
| Keywords |
erythrocyte high?resolution respirometry metabolism mitochondria non?invasive methodology |
| Abstract |
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| Programme |
119,131 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2041-210X |
ISBN |
2041-210X |
Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
6795 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Garnier Romain, Gandon Sylvain, Harding Karin C, Boulinier Thierry, |
| Title |
Length of intervals between epidemics: evaluating the influence of maternal transfer of immunity
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Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
4 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
568-575 |
| Keywords |
Epidemiology, harbor seal, maternal antibodies, phocine distemper, |
| Abstract |
The length of intervals between epidemic outbreaks of infectious diseases is critical in epidemiology. In several species of marine mammals and birds, it is pivotal to also consider the life history of the species of concern, as the contact rate between individuals can have a seasonal flux, for example, due to aggregations during the breeding season. Recently, particular interest has been given to the role of the dynamics of immunity in determining the intervals between epidemics in wild animal populations. One potentially powerful, but often neglected, process in this context is the maternal transfer of immunity. Here, we explore theoretically how the transfer of maternal antibodies can delay the recurrence of epidemics using Phocine Distemper in harbor seals as an example of a system in which epidemic outbreaks are followed by pathogen extinction. We show that the presence of temporarily protected newborns can significantly increase the predicted interval between epidemics, and this effect is strongly dependent on the degree of synchrony in the breeding season. Furthermore, we found that stochasticity in the onset of epidemics in combination with maternally acquired immunity increases the predicted intervals between epidemics even more. These effects arise because newborns with maternal antibodies temporarily boost population level immunity above the threshold of herd immunity, particularly when breeding is synchronous. Overall, our results show that maternal antibodies can have a profound influence on the dynamics of wildlife epidemics, notably in gregarious species such as many marine mammals and seabirds.
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| Programme |
333 |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2045-7758 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
4947 |
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| Author |
Clive R. McMahon, Mark A. Hindell, Jean Benoit Charrassin, Richard Coleman, Christophe Guinet, Robert Harcourt, Sara Labrousse, Benjemin Raymond, Michael Sumner, Natalia Ribeiro |
| Title |
Southern Ocean pinnipeds provide bathymetric insights on the East Antarctic continental shelf |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Communications Earth & Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
4 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-10 |
| Keywords |
Environmental sciences Ocean sciences |
| Abstract |
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| Programme |
1201 |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2662-4435 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
8774 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
A. B. Makhado, R. J. M. Crawford, M. P. Dias, B. M. Dyer, T. Lamont, P. Pistorius, P. G. Ryan, L. Upfold, H. Weimerskirch, R. R. Reisinger |
| Title |
Foraging behaviour and habitat use by Indian Yellow-nosed Albatrosses (Thalassarche carteri) breeding at Prince Edward Island |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Emu – Austral Ornithology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
118 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
353-362 |
| Keywords |
Environmental parameters Feeding habitat characteristics foraging ground partitioning seabirds state-space model |
| Abstract |
Demographic parameters of wild animals are often closely associated with their foraging distribution and behaviour, and understanding these attributes can assist in identifying causes of population changes. The Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross (Thalassarche carteri) is endangered but little information is available on its at-sea distribution and behaviour. It breeds only in French (Iles Amsterdam, St Paul, Kerguelen and Crozet) and South African (Prince Edward Island, PEI) territories in the south-west Indian Ocean, with PEI supporting about 20% of the global population. This study aimed to investigate the at-sea distributions of adult Indian Yellow-nosed Albatrosses provisioning chicks at PEI and to compare them with distributions of Yellow-nosed Albatrosses breeding at other localities. Using satellite transmitters, we identified two areas that were particularly favoured for foraging. Parents whose partners were brooding small chicks frequently moved north-east of PEI to shallow, productive waters where cold, nutrient-rich water upwells and results in enhanced levels of chlorophyll-a. By contrast, parents with older chicks that could be left unattended often foraged along the Agulhas Bank where eddies and shear forces promote vertical mixing. The at-sea distribution of birds breeding at PEI was located between those reported for Indian Yellow-nosed Albatrosses breeding at Ile Amsterdam and Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatrosses (T. chlororhynchos) breeding at Gough Island, so that birds from these localities may face different threats at sea. Our study is the first to highlight key feeding areas for Indian Yellow-nosed Albatrosses from PEI and to demonstrate partitioning of foraging grounds by Yellow-nosed Albatrosses from different localities. |
| Programme |
109 |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0158-4197 |
ISBN |
0158-4197 |
Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
7186 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
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| Title |
Strong migratory connectivity across meta-populations of sympatric North Atlantic seabirds |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
SEA |
Issue |
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Pages |
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| Keywords |
Environmental niche Inter-population mixing Large-scale spatiotemporal dynamics Light-level geolocation Murres Population spread Seasonality |
| Abstract |
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| Programme |
388 |
| Campaign |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
ISBN |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
8027 |
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| Author |
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| Title |
Huff and puff and blow down: invasive plants traits response to strong winds at the Southern Oceanic Islands |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Oikos |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
130 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
1919-1929 |
| Keywords |
environmental filter functional traits hypervolume Iles Kerguelen intraspecific variability mechanical stress |
| Abstract |
Invasions constitute a major driver of biodiversity changes. Insular plant communities are particularly vulnerable to invasions and are relevant models for investigating mechanisms supporting the establishment and spread of introduced plants. Terrestrial flora of sub-Antarctic islands must often thrive in highly windy habitats, thus imposing strong mechanical constraints on individuals. Many alien plants at the sub-Antarctic islands are of tropical or temperate origins, where they were exposed to less stringent wind conditions. As wind likely represents a strong environmental filter for the successful establishment and further geographic spread of plants, they should have developed responses to resist and successfully colonize the Iles Kerguelen. We studied responses to wind of three herbaceous species that are invasive at Iles Kerguelen. We sampled plant individuals at different locations, under windy and sheltered conditions. Traits related to wind avoidance and tolerance and to resource acquisition were measured. We additionally assessed individual performance (biomass) to determine the consequences of trait variations. We focused on trait mean and variance, in particular, through the calculation of hypervolumes. This study emphasized that wind has important effects on plant economics spectrum, including traits involved in mechanical avoidance and light acquisition, with varying strategies, which seem to depend on the biological type of the species (grass versus non-grass). Wind generally reduces individual performance, and this negative effect is not direct but operates through the modification of plant trait values. Furthermore, analyses performed at the hypervolume scale indicate that not only functional trait mean but also its variability account for plant performance. The existence of contrasting growth strategies to cope with local environmental conditions suggests that invaders will be able to occupy different niches, which may ultimately impact local communities. Our results highlight the importance of considering multi-traits responses to meaningfully capture plant adjustments to stress. |
| Programme |
136 |
| Campaign |
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Thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1600-0706 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
8372 |
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| Author |
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| Title |
Behavioural responses of breeding arctic sandpipers to ground-surface temperature and primary productivity |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Science of The Total Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
755 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
142485 |
| Keywords |
Environmental conditions Incubation behaviour Incubation recesses Incubation strategy Lag effects NDVI Shorebird |
| Abstract |
Most birds incubate their eggs, which requires time and energy at the expense of other activities. Birds generally have two incubation strategies: biparental where both mates cooperate in incubating eggs, and uniparental where a single parent incubates. In harsh and unpredictable environments, incubation is challenging due to high energetic demands and variable resource availability. We studied the relationships between the incubation behaviour of sandpipers (genus Calidris) and two environmental variables: temperature and a proxy of primary productivity (i.e. NDVI). We investigated how these relationships vary between incubation strategies and across species among strategies. We also studied how the relationship between current temperature and incubation behaviour varies with previous day's temperature. We monitored the incubation behaviour of nine sandpiper species using thermologgers at 15 arctic sites between 2016 and 2019. We also used thermologgers to record the ground surface temperature at conspecific nest sites and extracted NDVI values from a remote sensing product. We found no relationship between either environmental variables and biparental incubation behaviour. Conversely, as ground-surface temperature increased, uniparental species decreased total duration of recesses (TDR) and mean duration of recesses (MDR), but increased number of recesses (NR). Moreover, small species showed stronger relationships with ground-surface temperature than large species. When all uniparental species were combined, an increase in NDVI was correlated with higher mean duration, total duration and number of recesses, but relationships varied widely across species. Finally, some uniparental species showed a lag effect with a higher nest attentiveness after a warm day while more recesses occurred after a cold day than was predicted based on current temperatures. We demonstrate the complex interplay between shorebird incubation strategies, incubation behaviour, and environmental conditions. Understanding how species respond to changes in their environment during incubation helps predict their future reproductive success. |
| Programme |
1036 |
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Summary Language |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0048-9697 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
7553 |
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| Author |
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| Title |
Large birds travel farther in homogeneous environments |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Global Ecology and Biogeography |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
28 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
576-587 |
| Keywords |
enhanced vegetation index landscape complementation movement ecology productivity spatial behaviour terrestrial birds waterbirds |
| Abstract |
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| Programme |
388,1091 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1466-8238 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
7490 |
| Permanent link to this record |
