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Author |
Héloïse Barbel, Najat Bhiry, Dominique Todisco, Pierre Desrosiers, Dominique Marguerie |
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Title |
Paaliup Qarmangit 1 site geoarchaeology: Taphonomy of a Thule-Inuit semi-subterranean dwelling in a periglacial context in northeastern Hudson Bay |
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Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Geoarchaeology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
34 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
809-830 |
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Keywords  |
geoarchaeology niveo-eolian Nunavik periglacial Thule dwelling |
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Abstract |
A multidisciplinary geoarchaeological investigation was performed at Paaliup Qarmangit 1 site (JjGj-14), located in a valley affected by periglacial processes in Nunavik, Canada. A taphonomic approach was carried out to document site formation processes on the site of a single-family semi-subterranean winter Thule-Inuit house. Off-site geomorphological and stratigraphical analyses enabled us to reconstruct the sedimentary environment in the valley since the last glaciation. Valley shoreline sediments deposited during the marine regression were reworked by eolian, runoff, and periglacial processes. The site was first used by Dorset people after 143-327 cal A.D. and then by the Thule-Inuit between 1317–1413 cal A.D. and 1466–1642 cal A.D. Strategic features of the site, such as the availability of building material, food, and water resources may explain its sucessive use by two different cultures. On-site, stratigraphical, micromorphological, and macrofossil analyses showed the predominance of niveo-eolian and nivation processes in landscape and site formations. The archaeological record reveals the action of niveo-eolian processes throughout the Medieval Climatic Optimum and the Little Ice Age, likely due to local factors, site location, and the bowl-shape of the semi-subterranean house. Macrofossil data and radiocarbon dating indicate postdepositional natural and/or anthropogenic reworking of Dorset artefacts. |
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1080 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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1520-6548 |
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yes |
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7547 |
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Author |
OosthuizenW Chris, BesterMarthán N, ToshCheryl A, GuinetChristophe, BessonDominique, Nico de BruynPJ, |
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Title |
Dispersal and dispersion of southern elephant seals in the Kerguelen province, Southern Ocean
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Antarctic Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
0954-1020 |
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Volume |
23 |
Issue |
06 |
Pages |
567-577 |
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Keywords |
gene flow, Iles Crozet, Iles Kerguelen, mark-resighting, metapopulation, migration, null, Marion Island, |
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109 |
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0954-1020 |
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yes |
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990 |
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Author |
Jacques Labonne, Aurélie Manicki, Louise Chevalier, Marin Tétillon, François Guéraud, Andrew P. Hendry |
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Title |
Using Reciprocal Transplants to Assess Local Adaptation, Genetic Rescue, and Sexual Selection in Newly Established Populations |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Genes |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
5 |
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Keywords |
gene flow genetic rescue local adaptation mating success small population |
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Abstract |
Small populations establishing on colonization fronts have to adapt to novel environments with limited genetic variation. The pace at which they can adapt, and the influence of genetic variation on their success, are key questions for understanding intraspecific diversity. To investigate these topics, we performed a reciprocal transplant experiment between two recently founded populations of brown trout in the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands. Using individual tagging and genetic assignment methods, we tracked the fitness of local and foreign individuals, as well as the fitness of their offspring over two generations. In both populations, although not to the same extent, gene flow occurred between local and foreign gene pools. In both cases, however, we failed to detect obvious footprints of local adaptation (which should limit gene flow) and only weak support for genetic rescue (which should enhance gene flow). In the population where gene flow from foreign individuals was low, no clear differences were observed between the fitness of local, foreign, and F1 hybrid individuals. In the population where gene flow was high, foreign individuals were successful due to high mating success rather than high survival, and F1 hybrids had the same fitness as pure local offspring. These results suggest the importance of considering sexual selection, rather than just local adaptation and genetic rescue, when evaluating the determinants of success in small and recently founded populations. |
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1041 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8179 |
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Author |
Vincent A. Viblanc, Quentin Schull, Antoine Stier, Laureline Durand, Emilie Lefol, Jean-Patrice Robin, Sandrine Zahn, Pierre Bize, François Criscuolo |
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Title |
Foster rather than biological parental telomere length predicts offspring survival and telomere length in king penguins |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Molecular Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Keywords |
gene and early life environmental effects growth penguins reproduction investment telomere |
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Abstract |
Because telomere length and dynamics relate to individual growth, reproductive investment and survival, telomeres have emerged as possible markers of individual quality. Here, we tested the hypothesis that, in species with parental care, parental telomere length can be a marker of parental quality that predicts offspring phenotype and survival. In king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus), we experimentally swapped the single egg of 66 breeding pairs just after egg laying to disentangle the contribution of prelaying parental quality (e.g., genetics, investment in the egg) and/or postlaying parental quality (e.g., incubation, postnatal feeding rate) on offspring growth, telomere length and survival. Parental quality was estimated through the joint effects of biological and foster parent telomere length on offspring traits, both soon after hatching (day 10) and at the end of the prewinter growth period (day 105). We expected that offspring traits would be mostly related to the telomere lengths (i.e., quality) of biological parents at day 10 and to the telomere lengths of foster parents at day 105. Results show that chick survival up to 10 days was negatively related to biological fathers’ telomere length, whereas survival up to 105 days was positively related to foster fathers’ telomere lengths. Chick growth was not related to either biological or foster parents’ telomere length. Chick telomere length was positively related to foster mothers’ telomere length at both 10 and 105 days. Overall, our study shows that, in a species with biparental care, parents’ telomere length is foremost a proxy of postlaying parental care quality, supporting the “telomere – parental quality hypothesis.” |
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119 |
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ISSN |
1365-294X |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7665 |
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Author |
Marina Renedo, Paco Bustamante, Emmanuel Tessier, Zoyne Pedrero, Yves Cherel, David Amouroux |
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Title |
Assessment of mercury speciation in feathers using species-specific isotope dilution analysis |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Talanta |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
174 |
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Pages |
100-110 |
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Keywords |
GC-ICPMS Inorganic mercury Inter-species transformations Keratin Methylmercury Seabirds Southern Ocean |
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Abstract |
Seabirds are considered as effective sentinels of environmental marine contamination and their feathers are extensively used as non-lethal samples for contaminant biomonitoring. This tissue represents the main route for mercury (Hg) elimination in seabirds and contains predominantly methylmercury (MeHg). In this work, we developed a robust analytical technique for precise and accurate simultaneous quantification of MeHg, inorganic Hg (iHg) and consequently total Hg (THg), in feathers by gas-chromatography (GC)-ICPMS analyses using species-specific isotope dilution technique. An optimisation of the extraction method was carried out by testing different extraction systems, reagents and spiking procedures using an internal reference feather sample. The procedure was validated for MeHg and THg concentrations with a human hair certified reference material. Microwave nitric acid extraction with spike addition before the extraction provided the best recovery and was chosen as the most appropriate species simultaneous extraction method (SSE). An additional assessment was performed by comparison of our developed extraction method and a MeHg specific extraction technique (MSE) classically used for Hg speciation studies on feathers. The developed method was applied to feather samples from a large number of seabirds from the Southern Ocean (penguins, albatrosses, petrels and skuas) to investigate the variability of Hg speciation across a large range of Hg exposure conditions and concentrations. In all cases, MeHg accounted for > 90% of THg, thus verifying the predominance of organic Hg over iHg in feathers. |
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Programme |
109 |
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ISSN |
0039-9140 |
ISBN |
0039-9140 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6648 |
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Author |
Marina Renedo, Paco Bustamante, Emmanuel Tessier, Zoyne Pedrero, Yves Cherel, David Amouroux |
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Title |
Assessment of mercury speciation in feathers using species-specific isotope dilution analysis |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Talanta |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
174 |
Issue |
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Pages |
100-110 |
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Keywords |
GC-ICPMS Inorganic mercury Inter-species transformations Keratin Methylmercury Seabirds Southern Ocean |
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Abstract |
Seabirds are considered as effective sentinels of environmental marine contamination and their feathers are extensively used as non-lethal samples for contaminant biomonitoring. This tissue represents the main route for mercury (Hg) elimination in seabirds and contains predominantly methylmercury (MeHg). In this work, we developed a robust analytical technique for precise and accurate simultaneous quantification of MeHg, inorganic Hg (iHg) and consequently total Hg (THg), in feathers by gas-chromatography (GC)-ICPMS analyses using species-specific isotope dilution technique. An optimisation of the extraction method was carried out by testing different extraction systems, reagents and spiking procedures using an internal reference feather sample. The procedure was validated for MeHg and THg concentrations with a human hair certified reference material. Microwave nitric acid extraction with spike addition before the extraction provided the best recovery and was chosen as the most appropriate species simultaneous extraction method (SSE). An additional assessment was performed by comparison of our developed extraction method and a MeHg specific extraction technique (MSE) classically used for Hg speciation studies on feathers. The developed method was applied to feather samples from a large number of seabirds from the Southern Ocean (penguins, albatrosses, petrels and skuas) to investigate the variability of Hg speciation across a large range of Hg exposure conditions and concentrations. In all cases, MeHg accounted for > 90% of THg, thus verifying the predominance of organic Hg over iHg in feathers. |
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Programme |
109 |
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0039-9140 |
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0039-9140 |
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yes |
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7178 |
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Author |
Jardon F P, Bouruet-Aubertot P, Cuypers Y, Vivier F, Lourenço A, |
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Title |
Internal waves and vertical mixing in the Storfjorden Polynya, Svalbard
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
116 |
Issue |
C12 |
Pages |
C12040- |
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Keywords |
Garret and Munk model, Thorpe scale, barotropic tides, internal waves, latent heat polynya, vertical mixing, 4207 Arctic and Antarctic oceanography, 4544 Internal and inertial waves, 4572 Upper ocean and mixed layer processes, |
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Programme |
1015 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
2156-2202 |
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yes |
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Serial |
1114 |
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Author |
Faïn, X.; Grangeon, S.; Bahlmann, E.; Fritsche, J.; Obrist, D.; Dommergue, A.; Ferrari, C.P.; Cairns, W.; Ebinghaus, R.; Barbante, C.; Cescon, P.; Boutron, C. |
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Title |
Diurnal production of gaseous mercury in the alpine snowpack before snowmelt |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Journal of geophysical research-atmospheres |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. |
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Volume |
112 |
Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Gaesous mercury; snow; flux; 0330 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Geochemical cycles; 0322 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Constituent sources and sinks; 1863 Hydrology: Snow and ice |
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Abstract |
In March 2005, an extensive mercury study was performed just before snowmelt at Col de Porte, an alpine site close to Grenoble, France. Total mercury concentration in the snowpack ranged from 80 ± 08 to 160 ± 15 ng l?1, while reactive mercury was below detection limit (0.2 ng l?1). We observed simultaneously a production of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) in the top layer of the snowpack and an emission flux from the snow surface to the atmosphere. Both phenomena were well correlated with solar irradiation, indicating photo-induced reactions in the snow interstitial air (SIA). The mean daily flux of GEM from the snowpack was estimated at ?9 ng m?2 d?1. No depletion of GEM concentrations was observed in the SIA, suggesting no occurrence of oxidation processes. The presence of liquid water in the snowpack clearly enhanced GEM production in the SIA. Laboratory flux chamber measurements enabled us to confirm that GEM production from this alpine snowpack was first driven by solar radiation (especially UVA and UVB radiation), and then by liquid water in the snowpack. Finally, a large GEM emission from the snow surface occurred during snowmelt, and we report total mercury concentrations in meltwater of about 72 ng l?1. |
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399 |
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American Geophysical Union |
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ISSN |
0148-0227 |
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yes |
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IPEV @ Thierry.Lemaire @ |
Serial |
5568 |
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Author |
N. R. Zelinskiy, N. G. Kleimenova, O. V. Kozyreva, S. M. Agayan, Sh. R. Bogoutdinov, A. A. Soloviev |
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Title |
Algorithm for recognizing Pc3 geomagnetic pulsations in 1-s data from INTERMAGNET equatorial observatories |
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2014 |
Publication |
Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
50 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
240-248 |
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Keywords |
Fuzzy Bound Fuzzy Logic Method Local Magnetic Time Magnetic Observatory Solid Earth |
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Abstract |
The methods are suggested for analyzing the data of three-component geomagnetic observations in order to automatically recognize time anomalies-pulsations in the geomagnetic field. These methods include preliminary bandpass filtering of the data, calculating the eigenvalues of the covariance matrix of magnetic components in a moving time window, computing the generalized variance of the eigenvalues (generalization is understood as raising to a power that is distinct from the traditional power of 2), averaging the variance, and identifying the time intervals marked by the presence of pulsations by the criterion of the averaged variance of eigenvalues to exceed a certain threshold specified by the fuzzy-logic methods. |
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1555-6506 |
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1555-6506 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7441 |
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Author |
B. Montpetit, A. Royer, A. Roy, A. Langlois |
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Title |
In-situ passive microwave emission model parameterization of sub-arctic frozen organic soils |
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Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Remote Sensing of Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
205 |
Issue |
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Pages |
112-118 |
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Keywords |
Frozen soil Passive microwave radiometry Snow radiometry Soil reflectivity model |
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Abstract |
Many passive microwave remote sensing applications such as land surface temperature, snow water equivalent and soil moisture retrievals need to take into account a soil parameterization to the overall surface signal emission. Soil emission modeling presents large uncertainties when the soil is frozen. In this paper, an empirical retrieval method is presented, specifically for rough frozen soil permittivity estimates at 10.7, 19 and 37GHz. The method was tested and validated using in-situ passive microwave measurements at incidence angles from 0 to 60° of sub-arctic frozen organic soils in Northeastern Canada. The retrieved permittivity values give an overall RMSE between the measured and simulated brightness temperatures of 4.6K for all frequencies combined. A sensitivity analysis was conducted on the different soil parameters optimized in this study. This analysis suggests that the accuracy of the retrieved parameters, using the method given here, is of ±1.00 for the permittivity and ±0.12cm for surface roughness. Also, a comparison was conducted between the parameterization used in this study and the one of Wegmüller and Mätzler (1999) to estimate the soil contribution to the emitted brightness temperature of snowpacks. An improvement of 66% of the RMSE between the modeled and measured snow brightness temperatures was observed when using the approach of this study compared to the previous work. The method shows great potential to improve the estimation of the frozen soil contribution to the measured passive microwave brightness temperature. |
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1073 |
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0034-4257 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8200 |
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