. (2021). (Vol. 131).
Abstract: In altricial species, parents brood their chicks constantly before leaving them unattended sometimes for extended periods when they become thermally independent. During this second phase, there is sometimes important inter-individual differences in parental attendance and the fitness costs and benefits of parental strategies have previously been extensively investigated. However, the impact of parental presence on offspring behaviors and stress physiology has been overlooked. Here, we examined the influence of parental presence on offspring hormonal and behavioral stress sensitivities in snow petrel chicks. We demonstrated for the first time in a wild bird species that attended chicks had lower stress-induced corticosterone levels and a lower probability to show defensive behavior compared to the alone chicks. This reduced stress sensitivity is certainly explained by the well-known link between corticosterone and nutritional status, and by the recent delivery of meals to the attended chicks and the improvement of their nutritional status. It may also be explained by the parental protection against predators or inclement weather, or/and by the psychosocial comfort of parental presence for the offspring. Overall, these results suggest that the presence of a parent in the nest reduces offspring stress sensitivity in wild birds. Further studies would now be required to disentangle the impact of nutritional status and parental presence on stress sensitivity and to better understand the potential impact of parental presence and circulating corticosterone levels on growth and cognitive development in wild birds.
Keywords: Corticosterone stress response Defensive behavior Offspring stress sensitivity Parental presence
Programme: 109
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. (2021). Six pelagic seabird species of the North Atlantic engage in a fly-and-forage strategy during their migratory movements (Vol. 676).
Keywords: Common murres Dovekies Light-level geolocation Migration strategies Non-breeding movements Thick-billed murres
Programme: 330
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. (2021). The story of endurance: Biogeography and the evolutionary history of four Holarctic butterflies with different habitat requirements (Vol. 48).
Keywords: COI Ef-1? insect Lepidoptera mammoth steppe Pleistocene Quaternary RpS5 species distribution modelling
Programme: 1036
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Stephanie Jenouvrier, Judy Che-Castaldo, Shaye Wolf, Marika Holland, Sara Labrousse, Michelle LaRue, Barbara Wienecke, Peter Fretwell, Christophe Barbraud, Noah Greenwald, Julienne Stroeve, Philip N. Trathan. (2021). The call of the emperor penguin: Legal responses to species threatened by climate change (Vol. 27).
Abstract: Species extinction risk is accelerating due to anthropogenic climate change, making it urgent to protect vulnerable species through legal frameworks in order to facilitate conservation actions that help mitigate risk. Here, we discuss fundamental concepts for assessing climate change risks to species using the example of the emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri), currently being considered for protection under the US Endangered Species Act (ESA). This species forms colonies on Antarctic sea ice, which is projected to significantly decline due to ongoing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. We project the dynamics of all known emperor penguin colonies under different GHG emission scenarios using a climate-dependent meta-population model including the effects of extreme climate events based on the observational satellite record of colonies. Assessments for listing species under the ESA require information about how species resiliency, redundancy and representation (3Rs) will be affected by threats within the foreseeable future. Our results show that if sea ice declines at the rate projected by climate models under current energy system trends and policies, the 3Rs would be dramatically reduced and almost all colonies would become quasi-extinct by 2100. We conclude that the species should be listed as threatened under the ESA.
Keywords: climate risk assessments Endangered Species Act foreseeable future population projections redundancy and representation (3Rs) resiliency sea ice projections species distribution treatment of scientific uncertainty
Programme: 109
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. (2021). Is the southern crab Halicarcinus planatus (Fabricius, 1775) the next invader of Antarctica? (Vol. 27).
Keywords: climate change establishment niche modelling non-native species reptant crab Southern Ocean survival thermotolerance
Programme: 1044
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. (2021). Individual-based model of population dynamics in a sea urchin of the Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Ocean), Abatus cordatus, under changing environmental conditions (Vol. 440).
Keywords: Climate change Dynamic energy budget Ecological modelling Endemic echinoderm Individual-based model Kerguelen Model sensitivity
Programme: 1044
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Alain Royer, Florent Domine, Alexandre Roy, Alexandre Langlois, Nicolas Marchand, Gautier Davesne. (2021). New northern snowpack classification linked to vegetation cover on a latitudinal mega-transect across northeastern Canada.
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Alexandra Lavrillier, Semen Gabyshev, Liudmila Egorova, Galina Makarova, Maia Lomovtseva-Adukanova. (2021). Analysing Non-Existent and Existing Tourisms in Eastern Siberia among the Evenki, Even, Koryak and Itelmen.
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John P. Whiteman, Seth D. Newsome, Paco Bustamante, Yves Cherel, Keith A. Hobson. (2021). Quantifying capital versus income breeding: New promise with stable isotope measurements of individual amino acids (Vol. 90).
Keywords: carbon-13 compound-specific isotope analysis CSIA discrimination fasting fractionation nitrogen-15
Programme: 109
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. (2021). Marine snow morphology illuminates the evolution of phytoplankton blooms and determines their subsequent vertical export (Vol. 12).
Keywords: Carbon cycle Marine biology
Programme: 1164
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