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Author |
K. El Hanafi, B. Gomez-Gomez, Z. Pedrero, P. Bustamante, Y. Cherel, D. Amouroux, Y. Madrid |
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Title |
Simple and rapid formic acid sample treatment for the isolation of HgSe nanoparticles from animal tissues |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Analytica Chimica Acta |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
1250 |
Issue |
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Pages |
340952 |
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Keywords  |
Mercury Sample treatment Seabirds Selenium spICP-MS Tiemannite |
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Abstract |
The present work explores for the first time the potential of formic acid on the extraction of tiemannite (HgSe) nanoparticles from seabird tissues, in particular giant petrels. Mercury (Hg) is considered one of the top ten chemicals of major public health concern. However, the fate and metabolic pathways of Hg in living organisms remain unknown. Methylmercury (MeHg), largely produced by microbial activity in the aquatic ecosystems is biomagnified in the trophic web. HgSe is considered the end-product of MeHg demethylation in biota and an increasing number of studies focuses on the characterization of this solid compound to understand its biomineralization. In this study, a conventional enzymatic treatment is compared with a simpler and environmentally friendly extraction by using formic acid (5 mL of = 50 % formic acid) as exclusive reagent. The analyses by spICP-MS of the resulting extracts from a variety of seabird biological tissues (liver, kidneys, brain, muscle) reveal comparable results by both extraction approaches in terms of nanoparticles stability and extraction efficiency. Therefore, the results included in this work demonstrate the good performance of employing organic acid as simple, cost effective and green procedure to extract HgSe nanoparticles from animal tissues. Moreover, an alternative consisting of a classical enzymatic procedure but with ultrasonic assistance reducing the extraction time from 12 h to 2 min is also described for the first time. The sample processing methodologies developed, combined with spICP-MS, have emerged as powerful tools for the rapid screening and quantification of HgSe nanoparticles in animal tissues. Finally, this combination allowed us to identify the possible occurrence of Cd particles and As particles associated with HgSe NPs in seabirds. |
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109 |
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0003-2670 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8551 |
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Author |
Céline Albert, Marina Renedo, Paco Bustamante, Jérôme Fort |
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Title |
Using blood and feathers to investigate large-scale Hg contamination in Arctic seabirds: A review |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Environmental Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
177 |
Issue |
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Pages |
108588 |
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Keywords |
Mercury Molting pattern Seabirds Spatial ecotoxicology |
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Abstract |
Mercury (Hg), because of its deleterious effects on wildlife and its high concentrations in polar regions, has been widely studied in the Arctic. This provided important information regarding food web contamination, spatial and temporal trends of Hg in ecosystems or risk assessments for wildlife and Humans. Among the Arctic biota, seabirds have been among the most studied species due to their sensitivity to this toxicant, their role as bioindicators of the contamination status of their environment, and their consumption by Arctic communities. However, most studies that investigated Hg in Arctic seabirds focused on measurements in internal organs or in eggs, while few investigations have been performed on blood and feathers, despite the relevant and complementary information they provide. Here, we first provide a detailed overview of the specific information blood and feathers can bring when investigating Hg contamination of Arctic seabirds, including new knowledge on the poorly studied non-breeding period. Second, we perform a comprehensive review of the use of blood and feathers as non-lethal tissues to study Hg in Arctic seabirds. This review demonstrates important interspecific variations in Hg blood concentrations according to seabird trophic status, with seaducks generally presenting the lowest Hg concentrations while auks have the highest ones. However, all the observed Hg concentrations are below the admitted toxicity thresholds. Hg concentrations in feathers follow similar trends and gulls appear to be the most contaminated species, likely as a consequence of contrasting migratory and overwintering strategies. This review also confirms strong spatial variations with higher concentrations found in the Canadian Arctic and Pacific waters than in Greenland and the European Arctic. It also identifies some major understudied areas such as West Greenland, Aleutian Islands and Russia. Finally, we provide a thorough review of the current knowledge regarding molting patterns in Arctic seabirds, which is an essential information to interpret Hg concentrations measured in feathers. Overall, our results point out the importance of blood and feathers in seabird ecotoxicological assessments and highlight the need for large scale international collaborations and research programs. |
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Programme |
388 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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0013-9351 |
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yes |
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Serial |
6438 |
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Author |
Bart Van de Vijver, Richard M. Crawford |
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Title |
Melosira jeanbertrandiana, a new Melosira species (Bacillariophyceae) from the sub-Antarctic region |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Botany Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
167 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
50-56 |
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Keywords |
Melosira melosiroid genera morphology new species Sub-Antarctica |
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Abstract |
During a survey of the soil diatom flora of the sub-Antarctic Ile de la Possession (Iles Crozet), located in the southern Indian Ocean, an unknown Melosira species was found that could not be identified using the currently available literature on the genus. The species is described as Melosira jeanbertrandiana sp. nov. based on detailed light and scanning electron microscopy observations. The new species is characterized by a relatively high mantle, the presence of several marginal rings of acute, never bifurcating spines and a series of eight rimoportulae near the central area with several others scattered over the rest of the valve face and mantle. The girdle comprising several large, ligulate open copulae and the position of the rimoportulae clearly place this new species within the genus Melosira C.Agardh. The species was observed in bare, moist soil in scratches in cliffs bordering the ocean where the influence of sea spray is obvious. The description of this new species further increases the number of species of the Melosirales compared to other centric freshwater diatoms which are infrequently found on the sub-Antarctic islands. |
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Programme |
136 |
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ISSN |
2381-8107 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7712 |
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Author |
Branger Karine, Drillet Yann, Houssais Marie-Nolle, Testor Pierre, Bourdall-Badie Romain, Alhammoud Bahjat, Bozec Alexandra, Mortier Laurent, Bouruet-Aubertot Pascale, Crpon Michel, |
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Title |
Impact of the spatial distribution of the atmospheric forcing on water mass formation in the Mediterranean Sea
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
J. Geophys. Res. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. |
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Volume |
115 |
Issue |
C12 |
Pages |
C12041 - |
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Keywords |
Mediterranean Sea, deep water formation, numerical modeling, atmospheric forcing, 4504 Oceanography: Physical: Air/sea interactions, 4215 Oceanography: General: Climate and interannual variability, 4513 Oceanography: Physical: Decadal ocean variability, 4283 Oceanography: General: Water masses, 4520 Oceanography: Physical: Eddies and mesoscale processes, |
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Abstract |
The impact of the atmospheric forcing on the winter ocean convection in the Mediterranean Sea was studied with a high-resolution ocean general circulation model. The major areas of focus are the Levantine basin, the Aegean-Cretan Sea, the Adriatic Sea, and the Gulf of Lion. Two companion simulations differing by the horizontal resolution of the atmospheric forcing were compared. The first simulation (MED16-ERA40) was forced by air-sea fields from ERA40, which is the ECMWF reanalysis. The second simulation (MED16-ECMWF) was forced by the ECMWF-analyzed surface fields that have a horizontal resolution twice as high as those of ERA40. The analysis of the standard deviations of the atmospheric fields shows that increasing the resolution of the atmospheric forcing leads in all regions to a better channeling of the winds by mountains and to the generation of atmospheric mesoscale patterns. Comparing the companion ocean simulation results with available observations in the Adriatic Sea and in the Gulf of Lion shows that MED16-ECMWF is more realistic than MED16-ERA40. In the eastern Mediterranean, although deep water formation occurs in the two experiments, the depth reached by the convection is deeper in MED16-ECMWF. In the Gulf of Lion, deep water formation occurs only in MED16-ECMWF. This larger sensitivity of the western Mediterranean convection to the forcing resolution is investigated by running a set of sensitivity experiments to analyze the impact of different time-space resolutions of the forcing on the intense winter convection event in winter 1998–1999. The sensitivity to the forcing appears to be mainly related to the effect of wind channeling by the land orography, which can only be reproduced in atmospheric models of sufficient resolution. Thus, well-positioned patterns of enhanced wind stress and ocean surface heat loss are able to maintain a vigorous gyre circulation favoring efficient preconditioning of the area at the beginning of winter and to drive realistic buoyancy loss and mixing responsible for strong convection at the end of winter.
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Programme |
452 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
AGU |
Place of Publication |
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ISSN |
0148-0227 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2693 |
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Author |
Laureline L. Chaise, William Paterson, Timothy G. Laske, Susan L. Gallon, Dominic J. McCafferty, Marc Théry, André Ancel, Caroline Gilbert |
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Title |
Implantation of subcutaneous heart rate data loggers in southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) |
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Journal |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Polar Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
40 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
2307-2312 |
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Keywords |
Marine mammals Pinnipeds Surgery |
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Abstract |
Unlike most phocid species (Phocidae), Mirounga leonina (southern elephant seals) experience a catastrophic moult where they not only replace their hair but also their epidermis when ashore for approximately 1 month. Few studies have investigated behavioural and physiological adaptations of southern elephant seals during the moult fast, a particularly energetically costly life cycle’s phase. Recording heart rate is a reliable technique for estimating energy expenditure in the field. For the first time, subcutaneous heart rate data loggers were successfully implanted during the moult in two free-ranging southern elephant seals over 3–6 days. No substantial postoperative complications were encountered and consistent heart rate data were obtained. This promising surgical technique opens new opportunities for monitoring heart rate in phocid seals. |
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Programme |
1201 |
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ISSN |
1432-2056 |
ISBN |
1432-2056 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7317 |
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Author |
Durand G, Gagliardini O, de Fleurian B, Zwinger T, Le Meur E, |
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Title |
Marine ice sheet dynamics: Hysteresis and neutral equilibrium
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
J. Geophys. Res. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. |
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Volume |
114 |
Issue |
F3 |
Pages |
F03009 - |
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Keywords |
marine ice sheet, grounding line, full Stokes modeling, 0774 Cryosphere: Dynamics, 0726 Cryosphere: Ice sheets, 0728 Cryosphere: Ice shelves, 0798 Cryosphere: Modeling, |
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Abstract |
The stability of marine ice sheets and outlet glaciers is mostly controlled by the dynamics of their grounding line, i.e., where the bottom contact of the ice changes from bedrock or till to ocean water. The last report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has clearly underlined the poor ability of models to capture the dynamics of outlet glaciers. Here we present computations of grounding line dynamics on the basis of numerical solutions of the full Stokes equations for ice velocity, coupled with the evolution of the air ice– and sea ice–free interfaces. The grounding line position is determined by solving the contact problem between the ice and a rigid bedrock using the finite element code Elmer. Results of the simulations show that marine ice sheets are unstable on upsloping beds and undergo hysteresis under perturbation of ice viscosity, confirming conclusions from boundary layer theory. The present approach also indicates that a 2-D unconfined marine ice sheet sliding over a downsloping bedrock does not exhibit neutral equilibrium. It is shown that mesh resolution around the grounding line is a crucial issue. A very fine grid size (<100 m spacing) is needed in order to achieve consistent results.
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Programme |
1053 |
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Publisher |
AGU |
Place of Publication |
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ISSN |
0148-0227 |
ISBN |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
1877 |
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Author |
Chengbin Peng, Carlos M. Duarte, Daniel P. Costa, Christophe Guinet, Robert G. Harcourt, Mark A. Hindell, Clive R. McMahon, Monica Muelbert, Michele Thums, Ka-Chun Wong, Xiangliang Zhang |
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Title |
Deep Learning Resolves Representative Movement Patterns in a Marine Predator Species |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Applied Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
14 |
Pages |
2935 |
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Keywords |
marine animal movement analysis recurrent neural networks representative patterns |
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Abstract |
The analysis of animal movement from telemetry data provides insights into how and why animals move. While traditional approaches to such analysis mostly focus on predicting animal states during movement, we describe an approach that allows us to identify representative movement patterns of different animal groups. To do this, we propose a carefully designed recurrent neural network and combine it with telemetry data for automatic feature extraction and identification of non-predefined representative patterns. In the experiment, we consider a particular marine predator species, the southern elephant seal, as an example. With our approach, we identify that the male seals in our data set share similar movement patterns when they are close to land. We identify this pattern recurring in a number of distant locations, consistent with alternative approaches from previous research. |
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Programme |
1201 |
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Place of Publication |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2076-3417 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8772 |
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Author |
Claeys Magda, Wang Wan, Vermeylen Reinhilde, Kourtchev Ivan, Chi Xuguang, Farhat Yasmeen, Surratt Jason D, Gmez-Gonzlez Yadian, Sciare Jean, Maenhaut Willy, |
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Title |
Chemical characterisation of marine aerosol at Amsterdam Island during the austral summer of 2006-2007 |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Journal of Aerosol Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
41 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
13 -22 |
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Keywords |
Marine aerosols, Water-soluble organic carbon, Secondary organic aerosol, Organosulphates, Isoprene, |
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Abstract |
Atmospheric aerosols were collected in separate fine (<2.5 μm) and coarse (>2.5 μm) size fractions in the period December 2006-March 2007 at Amsterdam Island in the southern Indian Ocean. A major objective of the study was to assess biogenic impact on the marine aerosol. The samples were analysed for organic carbon, water-soluble organic carbon, major inorganic ionic species, and organic species, including methanesulphonate (MSA), dicarboxylic acids, and organosulphates. The concentrations of sea salt, non-sea-salt sulphate, and water-soluble and water-insoluble organic matter (WSOM and WIOM) were estimated. Sea salt dominated the composition of the aerosol and accounted for 83% and 91% of the sum of the mass of the four aerosol types in the fine and coarse size fractions, respectively. WSOM, which can serve as a proxy for biogenic secondary organic aerosol (SOA), accounted for only 2.8% of the sum of the mass of the four aerosol types in the fine size fraction. MSA was the dominating organic compound with a median concentration of 47 ng m-3. The organosulphates were characterised as sulphate esters of hydroxyl acids and a dihydroxylaldehyde, which may originate from the oxidation of algal/bacterial unsaturated fatty acid residues. No evidence was found for isoprene SOA. |
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Programme |
414;415 |
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Publisher |
Elsevier |
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ISSN |
0021-8502 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2183 |
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Author |
Ritsema Jeroen, Xu Wenbo, Stixrude Lars, Lithgow-Bertelloni Carolina, |
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Title |
Estimates of the transition zone temperature in a mechanically mixed upper mantle
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
277 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
244-252 |
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Keywords |
mantle, mechanical mixing, mineral physics, travel times, temperature, |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
133 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Place of Publication |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0012-821X |
ISBN |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
2926 |
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Author |
Bai L, Ritsema J, |
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Title |
The effect of large-scale shear-velocity heterogeneity on SS precursor amplitudes
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Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Geophysical Research Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
40 |
Issue |
23 |
Pages |
6054-6058 |
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Keywords |
mantle transition zone, SS precursors, velocity heterogeneity, amplitude, 1734 Seismology, 7290 Computational seismology, 8124 Earth's interior: composition and state, |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
133 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1944-8007 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
4766 |
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