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. (2017). Harmonizing circumpolar monitoring of Arctic fox: benefits, opportunities, challenges and recommendations (Vol. 36). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Keywords: Alopex lagopus Arctic ecosystems biodiversity assessment biodiversity indicator CAFF: Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna data management IUCN: International Union for Conservation of Nature protocol harmonization
Programme: 1036
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Chattova B., Van de Vijver B., Lebouvier M., De Smet W., Uher B. (2011). Freshwater diatoms of Ile Amsterdam (TAAF, Southern Indian Ocean) (Vol. 46).
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Merieme Chadid, Jean Vernin, Lyu Abe, Karim Agabi, George Jumper, George W. Preston, Chris Sneden, Liyong Liu, Yongqiang Yao, H.-S Wang, Éric Aristidi, J.-P. Rivet, Marcel Carbillet, Ch. Giordano, E. Bondoux, L. Moggio, H. Trinquet. (2016). Opening a new window on the southern stars for less money: PAIX the first Antarctica polar mission photometer (Vol. 9908 ).
Abstract: In this invited paper, we implement a new way to study the stellar oscillations, pulsations and their evolutionary properties with long uninterrupted and continuous precision observations over 150 days from the ground, and without the regular interruptions imposed by the earth rotation. PAIX–First Robotic Antarctica Polar Mission– gives a new insight to cope with unresolved stellar enigma and stellar oscillation challenges and offers a great opportunity to benefit from an access to the best astronomical site on Earth –DomeC–. The project is made of low cost commercial components, and achieves astrophysical measurement time-series of stellar physics fields, challenging photometry from space that shows large gaps in terms of flexibility during the observing runs, the choice of targets, the repair of failures and the inexorable high costs. PAIX has yet more advantages than space missions in observing in UBV RI bands and then collecting unprecedented simultaneous multicolor light curves of several targets. We give a brief history of the Astronomy in Antarctica and describe the first polar robotized mission PAIX and the outcome of stellar physics from the heart of Antarctica during several polar nights. We briefly discuss our first results and perspectives on the pulsating stars and its evolution from Antarctica, especially the connection between temporal hydrodynamic phenomena and cyclic modulations. Finally, we highlight the impact of PAIX on the stellar physics study and the remaining challenges to successfully accomplish the Universe explorations under extreme conditions. © (2016) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Programme: 1096
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. (2012). Polar Record, 48(Special Issue 01), 2–10.
Keywords: KW
Programme: 304
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. (2009). Whisker isotopic signature depicts migration patterns and multi-year intra- and inter-individual foraging strategies in fur seals Whisker isotopic signature depicts migration patterns and multi-year intra- and inter-individual foraging strategies in fur s
. Society, 111(September), 830–832.
Abstract: The movement and dietary history of individuals can be studied using stable isotope records in archival keratinous tissues. Here, we present a chronology of temporally fine-scale data on the trophic niche of otariid seals by measuring the isotopic signature of serially sampled whiskers. Whiskers of male Antarctic fur seals breeding at the Crozet Islands showed synchronous and regular oscillations in both their delta(13)C and delta(15)N values that are likely to represent their annual migrations over the long term (mean 4.8 years). At the population level, male Antarctic fur seals showed substantial variation in both delta(13)C and delta(15)N values, occupying nearly all the 'isotopic space' created by the diversity of potential oceanic habitats (from high Antarctica to the subtropics) and prey (from Antarctic krill to subantarctic and subtropical mesopelagic fishes). At the individual level, whisker isotopic signatures depict a large diversity of foraging strategies. Some seals remained in either subantarctic or Antarctic waters, while the migratory cycle of most animals encompassed a wide latitudinal gradient where they fed on different prey. The isotopic signature of whiskers, therefore, revealed new multi-year foraging strategies of male Antarctic fur seals and is a powerful tool for investigating the ecological niche during cryptic stages of mammals' life.
Keywords: 2004, 2009, bearhop et al, d 13 c, d 15 n, individual levels, individual specialization, newsome et al, nitrogen, otariid, southern ocean, stable carbon, stable isotopes,
Programme: 109
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. (2017). Ethnoarchaeology of Paleolithic Fire: Methodological Considerations (Vol. 58).
Abstract: Most of the ethnoarchaeological literature on hearths is scattered within general works that target many different aspects of foraging or hunter-gatherer societies. Although these works are a good source of ideas and clues for the interpretation of macroscopically observable features of Paleolithic hearths, there is hardly any high-resolution ethnoarchaeological reference material with which to compare microstratigraphic evidence of archaeological fire. Our ethnoarchaeological research at this scale has focused on exploring differential preservation of open-air hearths and the potential to identify fire-related activities and different variables of fire technology (fuel, temperature, and function) using micromorphological and anthracological analysis. Although these studies have been useful sources of analogy, further case studies as well as ethnoarchaeological examples of superposed and imbricated hearths and reference material from enclosed settings such as caves and rock shelters are strongly called for. In this paper we summarize and discuss aspects of our previous work to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the ethnoarchaeological approach for the study of Paleolithic fire and propose possible avenues for future research on the topic.
Programme: 1140
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. (2021). Food source diversity, trophic plasticity, and omnivory enhance the stability of a shallow benthic food web from a high-Arctic fjord exposed to freshwater inputs (Vol. 66).
Abstract: Under climate change, many Arctic coastal ecosystems receive increasing amounts of freshwater, with ecological consequences that remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated how freshwater inputs may affect the small-scale structure of benthic food webs in a low-production high-Arctic fjord (Young Sound, NE Greenland). We seasonally sampled benthic invertebrates from two stations receiving contrasting freshwater inputs: an inner station exposed to turbid and nutrient-depleted freshwater flows and an outer station exposed to lower terrestrial influences. Benthic food web structure was described using a stable isotope approach (?13C and ?15N), Bayesian models, and community-wide metrics. The results revealed the spatially and temporally homogeneous structure of the benthic food web, characterized by high trophic diversity (i.e., a wide community isotopic niche). Such temporal stability and spatial homogeneity mirrors the high degree of trophic plasticity and omnivory of benthic consumers that allows the maintenance of several carbon pathways through the food web despite different food availability. Furthermore, potential large inputs of shelf organic matter together with local benthic primary production (i.e., macroalgae and presumably microphytobenthos) may considerably increase the stability of the benthic food web by providing alternative food sources to locally runoff-impacted pelagic primary production. Future studies should assess beyond which threshold limit a larger increase in freshwater inputs might cancel out these stability factors and lead to marked changes in Arctic benthic ecosystems.
Programme: 1158
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E. Dobrica, R. C. Ogliore, C. Engrand, K. Nagashima, A. J. Brearley. (2018). Origins of Secondary Minerals in Micrometeorites (Vol. 24). Bachelor's thesis, , .
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Pazmino, A., S. Godin-Beekmann, A. Hauchecorne, C. Claud, F. Lefèvre, S. Khaykin, F. Goutail, J. P. Pommereau, C. Boonne, E. Wolfram, J. Salvador, E. Quel, E. (2016). Evaluation of total ozone recovery inside the Antarctic vortex.
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. (2011). Poor flight performance in deep-diving cormorants.
. J. Exp. Biol., 214(Pt 3), 412–21.
Abstract: Aerial flight and breath-hold diving present conflicting morphological and physiological demands, and hence diving seabirds capable of flight are expected to face evolutionary trade-offs regarding locomotory performances. We tested whether Kerguelen shags Phalacrocorax verrucosus, which are remarkable divers, have poor flight capability using newly developed tags that recorded their flight air speed (the first direct measurement for wild birds) with propeller sensors, flight duration, GPS position and depth during foraging trips. Flight air speed (mean 12.7 m s(-1)) was close to the speed that minimizes power requirement, rather than energy expenditure per distance, when existing aerodynamic models were applied. Flights were short (mean 92 s), with a mean summed duration of only 24 min day(-1). Shags sometimes stayed at the sea surface without diving between flights, even on the way back to the colony, and surface durations increased with the preceding flight durations; these observations suggest that shags rested after flights. Our results indicate that their flight performance is physiologically limited, presumably compromised by their great diving capability (max. depth 94 m, duration 306 s) through their morphological adaptations for diving, including large body mass (enabling a large oxygen store), small flight muscles (to allow for large leg muscles for underwater propulsion) and short wings (to decrease air volume in the feathers and hence buoyancy). The compromise between flight and diving, as well as the local bathymetry, shape the three-dimensional foraging range (<26 km horizontally, <94 m vertically) in this bottom-feeding cormorant.
Keywords: Animals, Biomechanics, Birds, Birds: physiology, Body Weight, Diving, Diving: physiology, Energy Metabolism, Female, Flight, Animal, Flight, Animal: physiology, Male, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle, Skeletal: physiology, Respiration, Seawater, Swimming, Swimming: physiology, Water, Wing, Wing: anatomy & histology, Wing: physiology,
Programme: 394
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