| Records |
| Author |
Hezel P J, Alexander B, Bitz C M, Steig E J, Holmes C D, Yang X, Sciare J, |
| Title |
Modeled methanesulfonic acid (MSA) deposition in Antarctica and its relationship to sea ice
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Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
116 |
Issue  |
D23 |
Pages |
D23214- |
| Keywords |
DMS, MSA, dimethylsulfide, ice core, methanesulfonic acid, sea ice, 0368 Troposphere: constituent transport and chemistry, 0750 Sea ice, 0793 Biogeochemistry, 3344 Paleoclimatology, |
| Abstract |
Methanesulfonic acid (MSA) has previously been measured in ice cores in Antarctica as a proxy for sea ice extent and Southern Hemisphere circulation. In a series of chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) sensitivity experiments, we identify mechanisms that control the MSA concentrations recorded in ice cores. Sea ice is linked to MSA via dimethylsulfide (DMS), which is produced biologically in the surface ocean and known to be particularly concentrated in the sea ice zone. Given existing ocean surface DMS concentration data sets, the model does not demonstrate a strong relationship between sea ice and MSA deposition in Antarctica. The variability of DMS emissions associated with sea ice extent is small (1130%) due to the small interannual variability of sea ice extent. Wind plays a role in the variability in DMS emissions, but its contribution relative to that of sea ice is strongly dependent on the assumed DMS concentrations in the sea ice zone. Atmospheric sulfur emitted as DMS from the sea ice undergoes net transport northward. Our model runs suggest that DMS emissions from the sea ice zone may account for 2662% of MSA deposition at the Antarctic coast and 3695% in inland Antarctica. Though our results are sensitive to model assumptions, it is clear that an improved understanding of both DMS concentrations and emissions from the sea ice zone are required to better assess the impact of sea ice variability on MSA deposition to Antarctica.
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| Programme |
414 |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2156-2202 |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1119 |
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| Author |
Bousquet, P.; Ciais, P.; Peylin, P.; Ramonet, M.; Monfray, P. |
| Title |
Inverse modeling of annual atmospheric CO2 sources and sinks 1. Method and control inversion |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Journal of geophysical research-atmospheres |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. |
| Volume |
104 |
Issue |
d21 |
Pages |
26,161–26,178 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
A primary goal of developing the CO2 atmospheric measurement network is to better characterize the sources and sinks of atmospheric CO2. Atmospheric transport models can be used to interpret atmospheric measurements in terms of surface fluxes using inverse methodology. In this paper we present a three-dimensional (3-D) inversion of CO2 measurements in order to infer annual sources and sinks of CO2 at a continental scale (continents and ocean basins) for a climatological year representing the 1985–1995 period. Solving this inverse problem requires (1) a data space representing monthly CO2 measurements, here at 77 sites (surface, ships, planes), (2) a flux space describing a priori fluxes between carbon reservoirs, and (3) a 3-D transport model linking the flux space to the data space. Knowledge of these three elements, together with their associated errors, allows one to reduce the uncertainties of the CO2 sources and sinks. In the 1985–1995 period, for our control inversion, the global continental sink is found to be 2.7±1.5 Gt C yr1 for an optimized deforestation source of 1.4±0.6 Gt C yr1, yielding a net land uptake of 1.3±1.6 Gt C yr1 (fossil fuel removed). The continental partition of this budget is (in units of Gt C yr1): Arctic +0.2±0.3, North America ?0.5±0.6, Europe ?0.3±0.8, north Asia ?1.5±0.7, tropics (except Asia) +0.3±0.9, tropical Asia +0.8±0.4, and Southern Hemisphere ?0.1±0.3. The inferred partition for the controversial Northern Hemisphere CO2 sink reveals that a major sink is located over the north Asia continent. For oceans we find a net global sink of 1.5±0.5 Gt C yr1 with the following partition (in units of Gt C yr1): North Pacific ?0.3±0.2, North Atlantic ?0.8±0.3, equator +0.6±0.2, 20°S–50°S oceans ?0.9±0.3, and austral ocean ?0.1±0.1. |
| Programme |
146;344 |
| Campaign |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0148-0227 |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
IPEV @ Thierry.Lemaire @ |
Serial |
5606 |
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| Author |
Beine H.J., Honrath R.E., Domine F., Simpson W.R. & Fuentes J.D. |
| Title |
NOx during background and ozone depletion periods at Alert: Fluxes above the snow surface. |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Journal of geophysical research-atmospheres |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. |
| Volume |
107 |
Issue |
d21 |
Pages |
4584 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
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| Programme |
369 |
| Campaign |
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Place of Publication |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0148-0227 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
933 |
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| Author |
Gros V., Poisson N., Martin D., Kanakidou M. & Bonsang B. |
| Title |
Observations and modelling of the seasonal variation of surface ozone at Amsterdam Island: 1994-1996. |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Journal of geophysical research-atmospheres |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. |
| Volume |
103 |
Issue |
d21 |
Pages |
28103-28109 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
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| Programme |
344;415 |
| Campaign |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0148-0227 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
2960 |
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| Author |
Gros V, Poisson N, Martin D, Kanakidou M, Bonsang B, |
| Title |
Observations and modeling of the seasonal variation of surface ozone at Amsterdam Island: 1994–1996 |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1998 |
Publication |
J. Geophys. Res. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
103 |
Issue |
D21 |
Pages |
28103 -28109 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Since January 1994, continuous surface O3 measurements have been carried out at Amsterdam Island (37°S, 77°E) in the southern Indian Ocean using a UV absorption analyzer. Mean O3 concentrations and standard deviations are recorded every 5 min. This paper shows and discusses the O3 time series for a 3-year period (1994–1996). During this period, O3 shows a seasonal variation with maxima around 30 ppbv during winter (July – September) and minima around 13 ppbv during summer (December – February). O3 levels at Amsterdam Island are close to those observed at Cape Grim (Tasmania, 41°S, 145°E) for the period of 1991 to 1995. In order to improve the understanding of the mechanisms controlling the O3 seasonal variation at Amsterdam Island, our observations have been analyzed by using the global three-dimensional climatological Model of the Global Universal Tracer Transport in the Atmosphere (MOGUNTIA). The model reproduces well the observed O3 mixing ratios and their seasonal cycle. The seasonal variation of stratospheric origin O3 calculated by MOGUNTIA shows a maximum of 18 ppbv in September and a minimum of 13 ppbv in April. The oxidation of continentally emitted O3 precursors during their transport to Amsterdam Island contributes to the photochemical production of O3 by up to 12 ppbv during austral summer. From this amount, 3–7 ppbv are directly linked to nonmethane hydrocarbon oxidation chemistry under relatively high NOx conditions. In particular, biomass burning emissions contribute up to 5.5 ppbv to the observed O3 levels in September. Both photochemical production by biomass burning and stratospheric influx of O3 lead to a maximum in O3 mixing ratios during late winter to early spring in agreement with the observations. Minimum O3 mixing ratios observed during austral summer are related to photochemical O3 depletion. |
| Programme |
344 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
AGU |
Place of Publication |
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Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0148-0227 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
28 |
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| Author |
Chevallier F, Ciais P, Conway T J, Aalto T, Anderson B E, Bousquet P, Brunke E G, Ciattaglia L, Esaki Y, Frhlich M, Gomez A, Gomez-Pelaez A J, Haszpra L, Krummel P B, Langenfelds R L, Leuenberger M, Machida T, Maignan F, Matsueda H, Morgu J A, Mukai H, Nakazawa T, Peylin P, Ramonet M, Rivier L, Sawa Y, Schmidt M, Steele L P, Vay S A, Vermeulen A T, Wofsy S, Worthy D, |
| Title |
CO2 surface fluxes at grid point scale estimated from a global 21 year reanalysis of atmospheric measurements
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Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
J. Geophys. Res. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
115 |
Issue |
D21 |
Pages |
D21307- |
| Keywords |
CO2, flux inversion, 0322 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Constituent sources and sinks, 0428 Biogeosciences: Carbon cycling, 3315 Atmospheric Processes: Data assimilation, 3260 Mathematical Geophysics: Inverse theory, |
| Abstract |
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| Programme |
416 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
AGU |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0148-0227 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
3239 |
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| Author |
Baroni, Mlanie; Savarino, Jol; Cole-Dai, J.; Rai, V.K.; Thiemens, M.H. |
| Title |
Anomalous sulfur isotope compositions of volcanic sulfate over the last millennium in Antarctic ice cores |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2008 |
Publication |
J. Geophys. Res. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
113 |
Issue |
D20 |
Pages |
D20112 |
| Keywords |
sulfur isotope anomaly; volcanic eruption; ice cores; 0370 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Volcanic effects; 0454 Biogeosciences: Isotopic composition and chemistry; 0473 Biogeosciences: Paleoclimatology and paleoceanography; 0724 Cryosphere: Ice cores; 1041 Geochemistry: Stable isotope geochemistry |
| Abstract |
The reconstruction of past volcanism from glaciological archives is based on the measurement of sulfate concentrations in ice. This method does not allow a proper evaluation of the climatic impact of an eruption owing to the uncertainty in classifying an event between stratospheric or tropospheric. This work develops a new method, using anomalous sulfur isotope composition of volcanic sulfate in order to identify stratospheric eruptions over the last millennium. The advantages and limits of this new method are established with the examination of the 10 largest volcanic signals in ice cores from Dome C and South Pole, Antarctica. Of the 10, seven are identified as stratospheric eruptions. Among them, three have been known to be stratospheric (Tambora, Kuwae, the 1259 Unknown Event) and they exhibit anomalous sulfur isotope compositions. Three unknown events (circa 1277, 1230, 1170 A.D.) and the Serua eruption have been identified as stratospheric eruptions, which suggests for the first time that they could have had significant climatic impact. However, the Kuwae and the 1259 Unknown Event stratospheric eruptions exhibit different anomalous sulfur isotope compositions between South Pole and Dome C samples. Differences in sulfate deposition and preservation patterns between the two sites can help explain these discrepancies. This study shows that the presence of an anomalous sulfur isotope composition of volcanic sulfate in ice core indicates a stratospheric eruption, but the absence of such composition does not necessarily lead to the conclusion of a tropospheric process because of differences in the sulfate deposition on the ice sheet. |
| Programme |
1011 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
AGU |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0148-0227 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
IPEV @ Thierry.Lemaire @ |
Serial |
6048 |
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| Author |
Chevallier Frédéric, Engelen Richard J, Carouge Claire, Conway Thomas J, Peylin Philippe, Pickett-Heaps Christopher, Ramonet Michel, Rayner Peter J, Xueref-Remy Irne, |
| Title |
AIRS-based versus flask-based estimation of carbon surface fluxes |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
J. Geophys. Res. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. |
| Volume |
114 |
Issue |
D20 |
Pages |
D20303 - |
| Keywords |
CO 2 surface fluxes, inverse method, AIRS satellite data, 0322 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Constituent sources and sinks, 0428 Biogeosciences: Carbon cycling, 0480 Biogeosciences: Remote sensing, 0365 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere: composition and chemistry, 3315 Atmospheric Processes: Data assimilation, |
| Abstract |
This paper demonstrates an inversion of surface CO2 fluxes using concentrations derived from assimilation of satellite radiances. Radiances come from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and are assimilated within the system of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts. We evaluate the quality of the inverted fluxes by comparing simulated concentrations with independent airborne measurements. As a benchmark we use an inversion based on surface flask measurements and another using only the global concentration trend. We show that the AIRS-based inversion is able to improve the match to the independent data compared to the prior estimate but that it usually performs worse than either the flask-based or trend-based inversion. |
| Programme |
416 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
AGU |
Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0148-0227 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1837 |
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| Author |
Legrand M, Preunkert S, Jourdain B, Galle H, Goutail F, Weller R, Savarino J, |
| Title |
Year-round record of surface ozone at coastal (Dumont d'Urville) and inland (Concordia) sites in East Antarctica
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Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
J. Geophys. Res. |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. |
| Volume |
114 |
Issue |
D20 |
Pages |
D20306 - |
| Keywords |
Ozone, Antarctica, 0365 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere: composition and chemistry, 0368 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere: constituent transport and chemistry, 0330 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Geochemical cycles, |
| Abstract |
Surface ozone is measured since 2004 at the coastal East Antarctic station of Dumont d'Urville (DDU) and since 2007 at the Concordia station located on the high East Antarctic plateau. Ozone levels at Concordia reach a maximum of 35 ppbv in July and a minimum of 21 ppbv in February. From November to January, sudden increases of the ozone level, up to 15–20 ppbv above average, often take place. They are attributed to local photochemical ozone production as previously seen at the South Pole. The detailed examination of the diurnal ozone record in summer at Concordia suggests a local photochemical ozone production of around 0.2 ppbv h-1 during the morning. The ozone record at DDU exhibits a maximum of 35 ppbv in July and a minimum of 18 ppbv in January. Mixing ratios at DDU are always higher than those at Neumayer (NM), another coastal Antarctic station. A noticeable difference in the ozone records at the two coastal sites lies in the larger ozone depletion events occurring from July to September at NM compared to DDU, likely due to stronger BrO episodes in relation with a larger sea ice coverage offshore that site. A second difference is the large day-to-day fluctuations which are observed from November to January at DDU but not at NM. That is attributed to a stronger impact at DDU than at NM of air masses coming from the Antarctic plateau. The consequences of such a high oxidizing property of the atmosphere over East Antarctica are discussed with regard to the dimethylsulfide (DMS) chemistry.
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| Programme |
414;903;904;1011 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
AGU |
Place of Publication |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0148-0227 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
2180 |
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| Author |
Legrand M. & De Angelis M. |
| Title |
Light carboxylic acids in Greenlands ice: A record of past forest fires and vegetation emissions from the boreal zone. |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Journal of geophysical research-atmospheres |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. |
| Volume |
101 |
Issue |
d2 |
Pages |
4129-4145 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
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| Programme |
322 |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0148-0227 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
893 |
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