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Costantini David, Goutte Aurelie, Barbraud Christophe, Faivre Bruno, Sorci Gabriele, Weimerskirch Henri, Delord Karine, Chastel Olivier, . (2015). Demographic Responses to Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Wandering Albatross (Diomedea exulans).
. PloS one, 10(8), e0133967.
Abstract: One of the major challenges in ecological research is the elucidation of physiological mechanisms that underlie the demographic traits of wild animals. We have assessed whether a marker of plasma oxidative stress (TBARS) and plasma haptoglobin (protein of the acute inflammatory phase response) measured at time t predict five demographic parameters (survival rate, return rate to the breeding colony, breeding probability, hatching and fledging success) in sexually mature wandering albatrosses over the next four years (Diomedea exulans) using a five-year individual-based dataset. Non-breeder males, but not females, having higher TBARS at time t had reduced future breeding probabilities; haptoglobin was not related to breeding probability. Neither TBARS nor haptoglobin predicted future hatching or fledging success. Haptoglobin had a marginally positive effect on female survival rate, while TBARS had a marginally negative effect on return rate. Our findings do not support the role for oxidative stress as a constraint of future reproductive success in the albatross. However, our data point to a potential mechanism underlying some aspects of reproductive senescence and survival. Our results also highlight that the study of the consequences of oxidative stress should consider the life-cycle stage of an individual and its reproductive history.
Programme: 109
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. (2015). The rime of the modern mariner: evidence for capture of yellow-nosed albatross from Amsterdam Island in Indian Ocean longline fisheries
. Polar Biol., 38(8), 1297–1300.
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Thomas Saucède, Angie Díaz, Benjamin Pierrat, Javier Sellanes, Bruno David, Jean-Pierre Féral & Elie Poulin. (2015). The phylogenetic position and taxonomic status of Sterechinus bernasconiae Larrain, 1975 (Echinodermata, Echinoidea), an enigmatic Chilean sea urchin. . Polar Biol., 38(8), 1223–1237.
Abstract: Sterechinus is a very common echinoid genus in benthic communities of the Southern Ocean. It is widely distributed across the Antarctic and South Atlantic Oceans and has been the most frequently collected and intensively studied Antarctic echinoid. Despite the abundant literature devoted to Sterechinus, few studies have questioned the systematics of the genus. Sterechinus bernasconiae is the only species of Sterechinus reported from the Pacific Ocean and is only known from the few specimens of the original material. Based on new material collected during the oceanographic cruise INSPIRE on board the R/V Melville, the taxonomy and phylogenetic position of the species are revised. Molecular and morphological analyses show that S. bernasconiae is a subjective junior synonym of Gracilechinus multidentatus (Clark). Results also show the existence of two genetically distinct subclades within the so-called Sterechinus clade: a Sterechinus neumayeri subclade and a subclade composed of other Sterechinus species. The three nominal species Sterechinus antarcticus, Sterechinus diadema, and Sterechinus agassizi cluster together and cannot be distinguished. The species Sterechinus dentifer is weakly differentiated from these three nominal species. The elucidation of phylogenetic relationships between G. multidentatus and species of Sterechinus also allows for clarification of respective biogeographic distributions and emphasizes the putative role played by biotic exclusion in the spatial distribution of species.
Programme: 1044
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Orgeret, F., Weimerskirch, H. & Bost, C.A. . (2016). Early diving behaviour in juvenile penguins: improvement or selection processes. . Biol. Lett., 12(8), 20160490.
Abstract: The early life stage of long-lived species is critical to the viability of population,but is poorly understood. Longitudinal studies are needed to test whether juveniles are less efficient foragers than adults as has been hypothesized.We measured changes in the diving behaviour of 17 one-year-old king penguins Aptenodytes patagonicus at Crozet Islands (subantartic archipelago)during their first months at sea, using miniaturized tags that transmitted diving activity in real time. We also equipped five non-breederadults with the same tags for comparison. The data on foraging performance revealed two groups of juveniles. The first group made shallower and shorter dives that may be indicative of early mortality while the second group progressively increased their diving depths and durations, and survived the first months at sea. This surviving group of juveniles required the same recovery durations as adults, but typically performed shallower and shorter dives. There is thereby a relationship between improved diving behaviour and survival in young penguins. This long period ofimproving diving performance in the juvenile life stage is potentially a critical period for the survival of deep avian divers and may have implications for their ability to adapt to environmental change.
Programme: 394
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. (2017). Multi-model study of mercury dispersion in the atmosphere: atmospheric processes and model evaluation (Vol. 17).
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. (2016). Early diving behaviour in juvenile penguins: improvement or selection processes (Vol. 12).
Abstract: The early life stage of long-lived species is critical to the viability of population, but is poorly understood. Longitudinal studies are needed to test whether juveniles are less efficient foragers than adults as has been hypothesized. We measured changes in the diving behaviour of 17 one-year-old king penguins Aptenodytes patagonicus at Crozet Islands (subantartic archipelago) during their first months at sea, using miniaturized tags that transmitted diving activity in real time. We also equipped five non-breeder adults with the same tags for comparison. The data on foraging performance revealed two groups of juveniles. The first group made shallower and shorter dives that may be indicative of early mortality while the second group progressively increased their diving depths and durations, and survived the first months at sea. This surviving group of juveniles required the same recovery durations as adults, but typically performed shallower and shorter dives. There is thereby a relationship between improved diving behaviour and survival in young penguins. This long period of improving diving performance in the juvenile life stage is potentially a critical period for the survival of deep avian divers and may have implications for their ability to adapt to environmental change.
Programme: 109
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P. Ricaud, E. Bazile, M. del Guasta, C. Lanconelli, P. Grigioni, A. Mahjoub. (2017). Genesis of diamond dust, ice fog and thick cloud episodes observed and modelled above Dome C, Antarctica (Vol. 17).
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Hollingsworth James, Ye Lingling, Avouac Jean?Philippe. (2017). Dynamically triggered slip on a splay fault in the Mw 7.8, 2016 Kaikoura (New Zealand) earthquake (Vol. 44).
Abstract: Abstract We investigate the Mw 7.8, 2016 Kaikoura (New Zealand) earthquake by using optical satellite imagery and seismology to reveal the main features of the rupture process. Correlation of Landsat8 images reveals a 30?40?km surface rupture on the Kekerengu Fault and Jordan Thrust, with up to 12?m of right?lateral slip. A previously unrecognized conjugate strike?slip fault, the Papatea Fault, also slipped coseismically (3?4?m). The global centroid moment tensor (gCMT) centroid indicates both thrust and right?lateral slip and is located ~100?km NE of the main shock epicenter. The significant non?double?couple component of the gCMT (25%) suggests that the main shock is not well represented by a single planar fault. Back projection of teleseismic P waves reveals two main bursts of seismic radiation: (1) at 10?20?s, near the main shock epicenter, and (2) at ~70?s, close to the observed surface ruptures. We determine a finite source kinematic model of the rupture from the inversion of seismic waveforms. We use two faults in our model, defined to match the observed slip on the Kekerengu Fault, and a deeper offshore fault with a lower dip angle to satisfy the long period seismological observations. We compute the equivalent moment tensor from our finite source model and find it to be remarkably consistent with the gCMT solution. Although little is known about the geometry of these faults at depth, if the Kekerengu Fault splays from the deeper thrust, then it provides a rare example where the contribution of slip on a splay fault can be clearly isolated in the seismological waveforms.
Keywords: correlation earthquake New Zealand rupture seismology slip inversion
Programme: 133
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. (2020). A compact incoherent broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectrometer for trace detection of nitrogen oxides, iodine oxide and glyoxal at levels below parts per billion for field applications (Vol. 13). Bachelor's thesis, , .
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Paul Tixier, Christophe Barbraud, Deborah Pardo, Nicolas Gasco, Guy Duhamel, Christophe Guinet. (2017). Demographic consequences of fisheries interaction within a killer whale (Orcinus orca) population (Vol. 164).
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