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Jourdain B. & Legrand M. (2001). Seasonal variations of atmospheric dimethylsulfide, dimethylsulfoxide, sulfur dioxide, methanesulfonate, and non-sea-salt sulfate aerosols at Dumont d'Urville (coastal Antartica) (December 1998 to July 1999). J. Geophys. Res., 106(d1), 14391–14408.
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Legrand M. & De Angelis M. (1995). Origins and variations of light carboxylic acids in polar precipitation. J. Geophys. Res., 100(d1), 1445–1462.
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Bousquet P, Yver C, Pison I, Li Y S, Fortems A, Hauglustaine D, Szopa S, Rayner P J, Novelli P, Langenfelds R, Steele P, Ramonet M, Schmidt M, Foster P, Morfopoulos C, Ciais P, . (2011). A three-dimensional synthesis inversion of the molecular hydrogen cycle: Sources and sinks budget and implications for the soil uptake
. J. Geophys. Res., 116(D1), D01302–.
Keywords: atmospheric inversion, molecular hydrogen, sources and sinks, H2 budget, H2 soil uptake, 0322 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Constituent sources and sinks, 0368 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere: constituent transport and chemistry, 0365 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere: composition and chemistry, 0414 Biogeosciences: Biogeochemical cycles, processes, and modeling, 0489 Biogeosciences: Trace element cycling,
Programme: 416
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F.Sigmundsson, S. Hreinsdóttir, H. Björnsson, Þ. Arason, R. Grapenthin, M. Roberts, J. Hólmjárn, H. Geirsson, Þ. Árnadóttir, R. Bennett, B. Oddsson, M. T. Guðmundsson, B. G. Ófeigsson, T. Villemin and E. Sturkell. (2011). Grímsvötn 2011 explosive eruption, Iceland: Relation between magma chamber pressure drop inferred from high rate geodesy and plume strength from radar observations (Vol. Abstract for AGU session V05).
Abstract: We demonstrate a clear relation between the vigor of an explosive eruption and inferred pressure change in a magma chamber feeding the eruption, based on near-field records of continuous GPS and ground tilt observations. The explosive phreatomagmatic VEI4 eruption of the subglacial Grímsvötn volcano in Iceland, 21-28 May 2011, produced initial plume reaching about 20 km height. Magma feeding the eruption drained from a shallow magma chamber under the Grímsvötn caldera. A continuous GPS site on the caldera rim sampling data at 5 Hz has allowed the reconstruction of the history of the pressure drop in this magma chamber. The pressure drop started at a fast rate about an hour prior to the eruption while a feeder dike formed. The pressure drop continued throughout the eruption, but decayed exponentially. These observations are compared to measurements of plume height, based on C-band radar located 257 km from the volcano and a mobile X-band weather radar placed at 75 km distance from the volcano after the eruption began. The radar further away has height resolution steps of 5 km at the location of Grímsvötn above 10 km elevation, and the one closer has resolution steps of 2-3 km. The measurements reveal plume heights often above 15 km between 19:21 on 21 May and 17:35 on 22 May (local time same as GMT). Peak elevation values of about 20-25 km for about 30 minute intervals were observed a few times between 21:25 on 21 May and 06:40 on 22 May. The initial strong plume was followed by pulsating but generally declining activity. After 04:55 UTC on 23 May the measurements indicate a fluctuating plume mainly below 10 km. In order to generate a continuous curve of plume elevation we average all available plume elevation information for each hour. The resulting plume height was then related to magma flow rate using an empirical formula from Larry Mastin et al. (2009). Integrating these flow rates yields an estimate of accumulated volume of eruptive products calculated as dry rock equivalent (DRE). Despite large uncertainties on the inferred magma flow rate, the shape of the curve of inferred accumulated DRE has is the same as the pressure drop curve. For this eruption, we see a clear link between the strength of an eruption plume and pressure change in the feeding magma chamber, measured by high rate ground deformation studies. Hence we can conclude that magma flow inferred from plume height correlates with the pressure change, which demonstrates the importance of real time high rate geodesy to foresee both onset and evolution of explosive eruptions and their plumes. The inferred volume change of the underlying magma chamber, modeled as a Mogi source, is about 5-8 times smaller than the suggested DRE volume from the integration of plume height, which we relate to the effects of magma compressibility.
Programme: 316
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Richard A. Phillips, Jérôme Fort, Maria P. Dias. (2023). Chapter 2 – Conservation status and overview of threats to seabirds.
Abstract: Seabirds are among the most threatened of all vertebrate groups. Here we review their conservation status and key aspects of the main threats and some emerging threats. Bycatch in fisheries and overfishing are pervasive, but potentially soluble with improved governance. Invasive alien species at breeding sites remain a major threat despite notable recent successes in eradication campaigns. Changing climatic conditions continue to have multiple, increasing, direct and indirect effects on seabirds. The full impacts of disease and chemical pollution are less clear because effects may be sublethal. Impacts of other anthropogenic processes that currently concern relatively few species are probably increasing. As seabird populations are affected by multiple threats that may be additive or synergistic, addressing population declines will often require a suite of management measures and potentially compensatory mitigation for climate change.
Programme: 388
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Prat R., Dupuis E., Sultan E. (2023). Objets du quotidien en station : l’inventaire comme outil d’analyse des relations.
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Stier A., Viblanc V., Kauffmann M., Pardonnet S., Gineste B., Robin Jp. & Bize P. (2023). ‘Ticks in paradise’ : effets de l’éradication des ectoparasites chez le manchot royal durant la reproduction à terre.
Abstract: Les milieux polaires et subpolaires ne sont pas dépourvus de parasites. Chez les manchots royaux, les ectoparasites tels que les tiques (Ixodes uriae) sont suspectés d’avoir des effets marqués sur la santé et le succès reproducteur des adultes. En utilisant un traitement expérimental réduisant drastiquement l’abondance d’ectoparasites chez des adultes reproducteurs, nous avons pu démontrer que l’infestation par les ectoparasites induit une augmentation du stress physiologique caractérisé par des taux élevés de corticostérone (glucocorticoïde) et une situation de stress oxydant. Bien que l’éradication des ectoparasites n’ait pas d’influence notable sur le succès d’éclosion des œufs ou la survie des poussins durant l’élevage, le traitement améliore visiblement la croissance des poussins jusqu’à l’émancipation, avec des effets positifs probables sur leur survie future. Il semble donc que les ectoparasites exercent une pression de sélection naturelle non-négligeable chez le manchot royal.
Programme: 119
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Bernard A., Chambodut A., Zigone D., Thore J-Y., Bes De Berc M., Fotze M.,Wardinski,I. (2023). Les observatoires sismologiques et magnétiques dans les Terres Australes et Antarctiques Françaises. Bachelor's thesis, , .
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Forget F., Bretel P., Genthon C., Berne A., Dufresne J.L., Lemonnier F., Madeleine J.B, Roussel M.R., Sultan E., Veron D., Vignon E., Wiener V. (2023). Quinze ans d’observations climatiques à Dome C et en Terre Adélie avec le programme CALVA : données, découvertes, et évolution.
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Baltzer A., Gourillon L., Lacombe V., Guilhermic C., Nardelli P., Howa H., Pillet V., Nicolas J., Tafflet A., Verdun J. (2023). Le projet KONBHAS : Kongsfjorden New Benthic Habitats.
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