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	Author	Pascal Rivière, Thomas Jaud, Lia Siegelman, Patrice Klein, Cédric Cotté, Julien Le Sommer, Guillaume Dencausse, Christophe Guinet
	Title	Sub-mesoscale fronts modify elephant seals foraging behavior			Type	Journal
	Year	2019	Publication	Limnology and Oceanography Letters	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue	6	Pages	193-204
	Keywords
	Abstract	Sub-mesoscale fronts—with scales from 1 to 50 km are ubiquitous in satellite images of the world oceans. They are known to generate strong vertical velocities with significant impacts on biogeochemical fluxes and pelagic ecosystems. Here, we use a unique data set, combining high-resolution behavioral and physical measurements, to determine the effects of sub-mesoscale structures on the foraging behavior of 12 instrumented female southern elephant seals. These marine mammals make long voyages (several months over more than 2000 km), diving and feeding continuously in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Our results show that elephant seals change their foraging behavior when crossing sub-mesoscale fronts: They forage more and at shallower depths inside sub-mesoscale fronts compared to nonfrontal areas, and they also reduce their horizontal velocity likely to concentrate on their vertical diving activity. The results highlight the importance of sub-mesoscale fronts in enhancing prey accessibility for upper trophic levels, and suggest that trophic interactions are stimulated in these structures.
	Programme	109,1201
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	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis	Bachelor's thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2378-2242	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	7723
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	Author	Gentile Francesco Ficetola, Jérôme Poulenard, Pierre Sabatier, Erwan Messager, Ludovic Gielly, Anouk Leloup, David Etienne, Jostein Bakke, Emmanuel Malet, Bernard Fanget, Eivind Støren, Jean-Louis Reyss, Pierre Taberlet, Fabien Arnaud
	Title	DNA from lake sediments reveals long-term ecosystem changes after a biological invasion			Type	Journal
	Year	2018	Publication	Science Advances	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	4	Issue	5	Pages	eaar4292
	Keywords
	Abstract	What are the long-term consequences of invasive species? After invasion, how long do ecosystems require to reach a new equilibrium? Answering these questions requires long-term, high-resolution data that are vanishingly rare. We combined the analysis of environmental DNA extracted from a lake sediment core, coprophilous fungi, and sedimentological analyses to reconstruct 600 years of ecosystem dynamics on a sub-Antarctic island and to identify the impact of invasive rabbits. Plant communities remained stable from AD 1400 until the 1940s, when the DNA of invasive rabbits was detected in sediments. Rabbit detection corresponded to abrupt changes of plant communities, with a continuous decline of a dominant plant species. Furthermore, erosion rate abruptly increased with rabbit abundance. Rabbit impacts were very fast and were stronger than the effects of climate change during the 20th century. Lake sediments can allow an integrated temporal analysis of ecosystems, revealing the impact of invasive species over time and improving our understanding of underlying mechanisms. Rabbits have had a stronger impact on the landscape and plant communities of a remote island than one century of climate change. Rabbits have had a stronger impact on the landscape and plant communities of a remote island than one century of climate change.
	Programme	1094
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2375-2548	ISBN	2375-2548	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	7353
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	Author	Armelle Poisson, Thierry Boulinier, Laure Bournez, Gaëlle Gonzalez, Camille V. Migné, Sara Moutailler, Bruno Faivre, Raphaëlle Métras
	Title	*Tick-borne zoonotic flaviviruses and Borrelia* infections in wildlife hosts: What have field studies contributed?**			Type	Journal
	Year	2024	Publication	One Health	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	18	Issue		Pages	100747
	Keywords	Flavivirus Host Reservoir Sentinel Tick-borne diseases Wildlife
	Abstract	Tick-borne flaviviruses and Borrelia spp. are globally spread pathogens of zoonotic potential that are maintained by a transmission cycle at the interface between ticks and vertebrate hosts, mainly wild animals. Aside data on pathogen burden in ticks, information on the status of various hosts relative to infection is important to acquire. We reviewed how those infections have been studied in wildlife host species in the field to discuss how collected data provided relevant epidemiological information and to identify needs for further studies. The literature was screened for observational studies on pathogen or antibody detection for tick-borne Borrelia spp. and flaviviruses in wildlife host animals. Overall, Borrelia spp. were more studied (73% of case studies, representing 297 host species) than flaviviruses (27% of case studies, representing 114 host species). Studies on both Borrelia spp. and flaviviruses focused mainly on the same species, namely bank vole and yellow-necked mouse. Most studies were order-specific and cross-sectional, reporting prevalence at various locations, but with little insight into the underlying epidemiological dynamics. Host species with potential to act as reservoir hosts of these pathogens were neglected, notably birds. We highlight the necessity of collecting both demographics and infection data in wildlife studies, and to consider communities of species, to better estimate zoonotic risk potential in the One Health context.
	Programme	1151
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2352-7714	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	8779
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Richard C. Gerum, Sebastian Richter, Alexander Winterl, Christoph Mark, Ben Fabry, Céline Le Bohec, Daniel P. Zitterbart
	Title	CameraTransform: A Python package for perspective corrections and image mapping			Type	Journal
	Year	2019	Publication	SoftwareX	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	10	Issue		Pages	100333
	Keywords	Camera lens distortions Geo-referencing Perspective projection Quantitative image analysis
	Abstract	Camera images and video recordings are simple and non-invasive tools to investigate animals in their natural habitat. Quantitative evaluations, however, often require an exact reconstruction of object positions, sizes, and distances in the image. Here, we provide an open source software package to perform such calculations. Our approach allows the user to correct for perspective distortion, transform images to “bird’s-eye” view projections, or transform image-coordinates to real-world coordinates and vice versa. The extrinsic camera parameters that are necessary to perform such image corrections and transformations (elevation, tilt/roll angle, and heading of the camera) are obtained from the image using contextual information such as a visible horizon, GPS coordinates of landmarks, known object sizes, or images of the same object obtained from different viewing angles. All mathematical operations are implemented in the Python package CameraTransform. The performance of the implementation is evaluated using computer-generated synthetic images with known camera parameters. Moreover, we test our algorithm on images of emperor penguin colonies, and demonstrate that the camera tilt and roll angles can be estimated with an error of less than one degree, and the camera elevation with an error of less than 5%. The CameraTransform software package simplifies camera matrix-based image transformations and the extraction of quantitative image information. An extensive documentation and usage examples in an ecological context are provided at http://cameratransform.readthedocs.io.
	Programme	137
	Campaign
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis	Bachelor's thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2352-7110	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	7596
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Liubomira Romanova, Vincent Balter, Laurent Simon, Patrice Gerard, Nadejda Pokatilova, Eric Crubezy
	Title	Diet of autochthonous populations in Yakutia using isotopic, ethnographic, historical and archaeological data			Type	Journal
	Year	2019	Publication	Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	28	Issue		Pages	102022
	Keywords	15th–19th centuries AD Carbon isotopes Diet Eastern Siberia Nitrogen isotopes Yakutia
	Abstract	This article investigates, for the first time, the diet of the Yakut population between the 15th and 19th centuries AD. Analyses of the stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in human and animal bone collagen were used for the study. The stable isotope values were then compared through four historical periods, three geographical areas, sexes, and socio-economic groups determined by the presence or absence of artefacts in the excavated tombs. The results highlight the variety of dietary practices among the Yakuts. There are significant differences between the North, characterised mostly by the consumption of herbivores, the Viluy region, where fish had an important role, and Central Yakutia with a diversified diet. No differences were seen between the diets of men and women. The group of elites had a stable diet based on meat and milk consumption. Samples before 1700AD had δ15N values that were higher than samples from other periods, probably due to greater consumption of fish and foal meat. These data were compared with ethnographic, historical and archaeological information so as to better depict the diet of these past populations.
	Programme	1038
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2352-409X	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	7700
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	Author	Héloïse Barbel, Dominique Todisco, Najat Bhiry
	Title	A geochemical investigation of an Early Inuit semi-subterranean winter dwelling in a periglacial context			Type	Journal
	Year	2020	Publication	Journal of archaeological science: reports	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	33	Issue		Pages	102552
	Keywords	C-N analysis Cryosolic soils geochemistry FTIR ICP-AES Inuit archaeology Nunavik Semi-subterranean house
	Abstract	Geochemical investigations using FTIR, ICP-AES and C-N analyses were carried out on a single-family semi-subterranean Inuit house in order to assess the contribution of Inuit domestic activities in the formation of cryosolic soils in a periglacial archaeological context (Kuuvik Bay, Nunavik, Canada). The geochemical elements data were analyzed using box plots and enrichment factors. The information was also summarized and visualized through principal component analysis (PCA). These complementary statistical approaches provided evidence of a moderate but identifiable and significant imprint of Inuit domestic activities on soil geochemistry. The box plots indicate moderate Ca, Mn, Cu and P enrichments and more noticeable Mg, Fe and S enrichments. These enrichment factors and the ICP-AES data show that samples from the peripheral wall and the tunnel entrance of the house and its vicinity are significantly enriched. While FTIR analysis highlighted the main soil element contents (e.g., organic and mineral components), ICP-AES analysis was used to further document variations in the background elements throughout the site. However, the obtained results do not allow us to undertake a spatial analysis of Inuit activities or to describe them in detail. In addition, the data highlight the difficulty of documenting the natural variability of element contents in cryosolic soils, especially in archaeological contexts. Cryo-pedological processes in the active layer as well as house cleaning and nutrient inputs resulting from Inuit occupations may have attenuated chemical signatures of previous Inuit domestic activities.
	Programme	1080
	Campaign	LOTECHAIN
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis	Bachelor's thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2352-409X	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	8206
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Benjamin Rey, Cyril Dégletagne, Claude Duchamp
	Title	Transcriptomic data analysis and differential gene expression of antioxidant pathways in king penguin juveniles (Aptenodytes patagonicus) before and after acclimatization to marine life			Type	Journal
	Year	2016	Publication	Data in Brief	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	9	Issue		Pages	549-555
	Keywords	Antioxidant pathways Microarray Muscle Penguin
	Abstract	In this article, we present differentially expressed gene profiles in the pectoralis muscle of wild juvenile king penguins that were either naturally acclimated to cold marine environment or experimentally immersed in cold water as compared with penguin juveniles that never experienced cold water immersion. Transcriptomic data were obtained by hybridizing penguins total cDNA on Affymetrix GeneChip Chicken Genome arrays and analyzed using maxRS algorithm, “Transcriptome analysis in non-model species: a new method for the analysis of heterologous hybridization on microarrays” (Dégletagne et al., 2010) [1]. We focused on genes involved in multiple antioxidant pathways. For better clarity, these differentially expressed genes were clustered into six functional groups according to their role in controlling redox homeostasis. The data are related to a comprehensive research study on the ontogeny of antioxidant functions in king penguins, “Hormetic response triggers multifaceted anti-oxidant strategies in immature king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus)” (Rey et al., 2016) [2]. The raw microarray dataset supporting the present analyses has been deposited at the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository under accessions GEO: GSE17725 and GEO: GSE82344.
	Programme	131
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2352-3409	ISBN	2352-3409	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	7222
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	Author	Colin Southwell, Louise Emmerson, Akinori Takahashi, Christophe Barbraud, Karine Delord, Henri Weimerskirch
	Title	Large-scale population assessment informs conservation management for seabirds in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean: A case study of Adélie penguins			Type	Journal
	Year	2017	Publication	Global Ecology and Conservation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	9	Issue		Pages	104-115
	Keywords	Abundance Area protection Fisheries management Seabird
	Abstract	Antarctica and the Southern Ocean are increasingly affected by fisheries, climate change and human presence. Antarctic seabirds are vulnerable to all these threats because they depend on terrestrial and marine environments to breed and forage. We assess the current distribution and total abundance of Adélie penguins in East Antarctica and find there are 3.5 (95% CI 2.9–4.2) million individuals of breeding age along the East Antarctic coastline and 5.9 (4.2–7.7) million individuals foraging in the adjacent ocean after the breeding season. One third of the breeding population numbering over 1 million individuals breed within 10 km of research stations, highlighting the potential for human activities to impact Adélie penguin populations despite their current high abundance. The 16 Antarctic Specially Protected Areas currently designated in East Antarctica offer protection to breeding populations close to stations in four of six regional populations. The East Antarctic breeding population consumes an average of 193 500 tonnes of krill and 18 800 tonnes of fish during a breeding season, with consumption peaking at the end of the breeding season. These findings can inform future conservation management decisions in the terrestrial environment under the Protocol on Environmental Protection to develop a systematic network of protected areas, and in the marine environment under the Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources to allow the consumption needs of Adélie penguins to be taken into account when setting fishery catch limits. Extending this work to other penguin, flying seabird, seal and whale species is a priority for conservation management in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean.
	Programme	109
	Campaign
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2351-9894	ISBN	2351-9894	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	6649
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Colin Southwell, Louise Emmerson, Akinori Takahashi, Christophe Barbraud, Karine Delord, Henri Weimerskirch
	Title	Large-scale population assessment informs conservation management for seabirds in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean: A case study of Adélie penguins			Type	Journal
	Year	2017	Publication	Global Ecology and Conservation	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	9	Issue		Pages	104-115
	Keywords	Abundance Area protection Fisheries management Seabird
	Abstract	Antarctica and the Southern Ocean are increasingly affected by fisheries, climate change and human presence. Antarctic seabirds are vulnerable to all these threats because they depend on terrestrial and marine environments to breed and forage. We assess the current distribution and total abundance of Adélie penguins in East Antarctica and find there are 3.5 (95% CI 2.9–4.2) million individuals of breeding age along the East Antarctic coastline and 5.9 (4.2–7.7) million individuals foraging in the adjacent ocean after the breeding season. One third of the breeding population numbering over 1 million individuals breed within 10 km of research stations, highlighting the potential for human activities to impact Adélie penguin populations despite their current high abundance. The 16 Antarctic Specially Protected Areas currently designated in East Antarctica offer protection to breeding populations close to stations in four of six regional populations. The East Antarctic breeding population consumes an average of 193 500 tonnes of krill and 18 800 tonnes of fish during a breeding season, with consumption peaking at the end of the breeding season. These findings can inform future conservation management decisions in the terrestrial environment under the Protocol on Environmental Protection to develop a systematic network of protected areas, and in the marine environment under the Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources to allow the consumption needs of Adélie penguins to be taken into account when setting fishery catch limits. Extending this work to other penguin, flying seabird, seal and whale species is a priority for conservation management in Antarctica and the Southern Ocean.
	Programme	109
	Campaign
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2351-9894	ISBN	2351-9894	Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	7179
Permanent link to this record



	Author	G. Hubert, S. Aubry
	Title	Analysis of Solar and Galactic Cosmic Rays Induced Atmospheric Ionizing Radiation: Impacts for Typical Transatlantic Flights and Antarctica Environment			Type	Journal
	Year	2017	Publication	Jsm environmental science & ecology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	5	Issue	3	Pages
	Keywords
	Abstract	This paper analyses atmospheric ionizing radiations induced by Galactic and Solar Cosmic Rays (GCR and SCR, respectively) thanks to continuous measurements of neutron spectrum operated in high-altitude stations. Analyses are reinforced using GCR and SCR models, and extensive air shower descriptions based on nuclear transport simulations. First analyses were focused on neutron fluxes as function of altitude. Secondly, atmospheric ionizing radiation impacts on biological doses during quiet period and extreme solar events are presented. On the basis of the relevant comparisons conducted for ambient dose equivalent during quiet solar activity, but also for the comic ray variations calculated and recorded on neutron monitor (NM) during Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) event. GLE 5 model was applied to London ↔ New-york flight dose calculations. All of these results show that dose values vary drastically, on the one hand with the route path (latitude, longitude altitude), on the other hand with the phasing of the solar event. Specific case of Antarctica is discussed because it combines both the high altitude and the very low magnetic field. Analyses show that ionizing radiation in Antarctica environment can be a problematic from the point of view of the human dose, which exerts classical recommendations established for public. This highlights the importance of monitoring atmospheric ionizing radiation, more particularly extreme solar events, then to develop semi-empirical and particle transport method for reliable calculation of dose levels.
	Programme	1112
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	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language		Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	2333-7141	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	yes
	Call Number				Serial	7433
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