. (2021). Meeting Paris agreement objectives will temper seabird winter distribution shifts in the North Atlantic Ocean (Vol. 27). Bachelor's thesis, , .
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. (2021). Is the southern crab Halicarcinus planatus (Fabricius, 1775) the next invader of Antarctica? (Vol. 27).
Keywords: climate change establishment niche modelling non-native species reptant crab Southern Ocean survival thermotolerance
Programme: 1044
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Samantha C. Patrick, Julien G. A. Martin, Caroline C. Ummenhofer, Alexandre Corbeau, Henri Weimerskirch. (2021). Albatrosses respond adaptively to climate variability by changing variance in a foraging trait (Vol. 27).
Keywords: bet-hedging intra-individual variability resource acquisition salt-water immersion logger seabirds Southern Oscillation Index
Programme: 109
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. (2021). Untangling local and remote influences in two major petrel habitats in the oligotrophic Southern Ocean (Vol. 27).
Abstract: Ocean circulation connects geographically distinct ecosystems across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales via exchanges of physical and biogeochemical properties. Remote oceanographic processes can be especially important for ecosystems in the Southern Ocean, where the Antarctic Circumpolar Current transports properties across ocean basins through both advection and mixing. Recent tracking studies have indicated the existence of two large-scale, open ocean habitats in the Southern Ocean used by grey petrels (Procellaria cinerea) from two populations (i.e., Kerguelen and Antipodes islands) during their nonbreeding season for extended periods during austral summer (i.e., October to February). In this work, we use a novel combination of large-scale oceanographic observations, surface drifter data, satellite-derived primary productivity, numerical adjoint sensitivity experiments, and output from a biogeochemical state estimate to examine local and remote influences on these grey petrel habitats. Our aim is to understand the oceanographic features that control these isolated foraging areas and to evaluate their ecological value as oligotrophic open ocean habitats. We estimate the minimum local primary productivity required to support these populations to be much <1% of the estimated local primary productivity. The region in the southeast Indian Ocean used by the birds from Kerguelen is connected by circulation to the productive Kerguelen shelf. In contrast, the region in the south-central Pacific Ocean used by seabirds from the Antipodes is relatively isolated suggesting it is more influenced by local factors or the cumulative effects of many seasonal cycles. This work exemplifies the potential use of predator distributions and oceanographic data to highlight areas of the open ocean that may be more dynamic and productive than previously thought. Our results highlight the need to consider advective connections between ecosystems in the Southern Ocean and to re-evaluate the ecological relevance of oligotrophic Southern Ocean regions from a conservation perspective.
Keywords: Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) biogeography conservation grey petrels high seas hotspot open ocean primary productivity Procellaria cinerea seabirds
Programme: 109
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Stephanie Jenouvrier, Judy Che-Castaldo, Shaye Wolf, Marika Holland, Sara Labrousse, Michelle LaRue, Barbara Wienecke, Peter Fretwell, Christophe Barbraud, Noah Greenwald, Julienne Stroeve, Philip N. Trathan. (2021). The call of the emperor penguin: Legal responses to species threatened by climate change (Vol. 27).
Abstract: Species extinction risk is accelerating due to anthropogenic climate change, making it urgent to protect vulnerable species through legal frameworks in order to facilitate conservation actions that help mitigate risk. Here, we discuss fundamental concepts for assessing climate change risks to species using the example of the emperor penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri), currently being considered for protection under the US Endangered Species Act (ESA). This species forms colonies on Antarctic sea ice, which is projected to significantly decline due to ongoing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. We project the dynamics of all known emperor penguin colonies under different GHG emission scenarios using a climate-dependent meta-population model including the effects of extreme climate events based on the observational satellite record of colonies. Assessments for listing species under the ESA require information about how species resiliency, redundancy and representation (3Rs) will be affected by threats within the foreseeable future. Our results show that if sea ice declines at the rate projected by climate models under current energy system trends and policies, the 3Rs would be dramatically reduced and almost all colonies would become quasi-extinct by 2100. We conclude that the species should be listed as threatened under the ESA.
Keywords: climate risk assessments Endangered Species Act foreseeable future population projections redundancy and representation (3Rs) resiliency sea ice projections species distribution treatment of scientific uncertainty
Programme: 109
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. (2021). Fishing behaviours and fisher effect in decision-making processes when facing depredation by marine predators (Vol. 28).
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Matteo Feltracco, Elena Barbaro, Clara J. M. Hoppe, Klara K. E. Wolf, Andrea Spolaor, Rose Layton, Christoph Keuschnig, Carlo Barbante, Andrea Gambaro, Catherine Larose. (2021). Airborne bacteria and particulate chemistry capture Phytoplankton bloom dynamics in an Arctic fjord (Vol. 256). Bachelor's thesis, , .
Keywords: Air-to-sea exchanges Amino acids Arctic Atmospheric microorganisms Marine phytoplankton bloom
Programme: 1192
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. (2021). Mercury in precipitated and surface snow at Dome C and a first estimate of mercury depositional fluxes during the Austral summer on the high Antarctic plateau (Vol. 262).
Keywords: Atmospheric conditions High resolution sampling Snow scavenging factor Snow sublimation
Programme: 1028
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A. Baranov, R. Tenzer, A. Morelli. (2021). Updated Antarctic crustal model (Vol. 89).
Keywords: Antarctica Crustal structure Gondwana Sediments
Programme: 133
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. (2021). Biological invasions in France: Alarming costs and even more alarming knowledge gaps (Vol. 67).
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