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Title |
Uncovering population structure in the Humboldt penguin (Spheniscus humboldti) along the Pacific coast at South America |
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Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
PLOS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
e0215293 |
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Keywords |
Animal sociality Chile (country) Gene flow Haplotypes Islands Penguins Population genetics Seabirds |
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Abstract |
The upwelling hypothesis has been proposed to explain reduced or lack of population structure in seabird species specialized in food resources available at cold-water upwellings. However, population genetic structure may be challenging to detect in species with large population sizes, since variation in allele frequencies are more robust under genetic drift. High gene flow among populations, that can be constant or pulses of migration in a short period, may also decrease power of algorithms to detect genetic structure. Penguin species usually have large population sizes, high migratory ability but philopatric behavior, and recent investigations debate the existence of subtle population structure for some species not detected before. Previous study on Humboldt penguins found lack of population genetic structure for colonies of Punta San Juan and from South Chile. Here, we used mtDNA and nuclear markers (10 microsatellites and RAG1 intron) to evaluate population structure for 11 main breeding colonies of Humboldt penguins, covering the whole spatial distribution of this species. Although mtDNA failed to detect population structure, microsatellite loci and nuclear intron detected population structure along its latitudinal distribution. Microsatellite showed significant Rst values between most of pairwise locations (44 of 56 locations, Rst = 0.003 to 0.081) and 86% of individuals were assigned to their sampled colony, suggesting philopatry. STRUCTURE detected three main genetic clusters according to geographical locations: i) Peru; ii) North of Chile; and iii) Central-South of Chile. The Humboldt penguin shows signal population expansion after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), suggesting that the genetic structure of the species is a result of population dynamics and foraging colder water upwelling that favor gene flow and phylopatric rate. Our findings thus highlight that variable markers and wide sampling along the species distribution are crucial to better understand genetic population structure in animals with high dispersal ability. |
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137 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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1932-6203 |
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yes |
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6962 |
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Author |
Alexandre Corbeau, Julien Collet, Melissa Fontenille, Henri Weimerskirch |
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Title |
How do seabirds modify their search behaviour when encountering fishing boats? |
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Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
PLOS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
14 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
e0222615 |
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Keywords |
Animal behavior Birds Boats Fisheries Foraging Predation Radar Seabirds |
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Abstract |
Seabirds are well known to be attracted by fishing boats to forage on offal and baits. We used recently developed loggers that record accurate GPS position and detect the presence of boats through their radar emissions to examine how albatrosses use Area Restricted Search (ARS) and if so, have specific ARS behaviours, when attending boats. As much as 78.5% of locations with a radar detection (contact with boat) during a trip occurred within ARS: 36.8% of all large-scale ARS (n = 212) and 14.7% of all small-scale ARS (n = 1476) were associated with the presence of a boat. During small-scale ARS, birds spent more time and had greater sinuosity during boat-associated ARS compared with other ARS that we considered natural. For, small-scale ARS associated with boats, those performed over shelves were longer in duration, had greater sinuosity, and birds spent more time sitting on water compared with oceanic ARS associated with boats. We also found that the proportion of small-scale ARS tend to be more frequently nested in larger-scale ARS was higher for birds associated with boats and that ARS behaviour differed between oceanic (tuna fisheries) and shelf-edge (mainly Patagonian toothfish fisheries) habitats. We suggest that, in seabird species attracted by boats, a significant amount of ARS behaviours are associated with boats, and that it is important to be able to separate ARS behaviours associated to boats from natural searching behaviours. Our study suggest that studying ARS characteristics should help attribute specific behaviours associated to the presence of boats and understand associated risks between fisheries. |
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109 |
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1932-6203 |
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yes |
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Serial |
7708 |
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Title |
Diversification, Evolution and Sub-Functionalization of 70kDa Heat-Shock Proteins in Two Sister Species of Antarctic Krill: Differences in Thermal Habitats, Responses and Implications under Climate Change |
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Journal |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
PLOS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
e0121642 |
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Keywords |
Antarctica Mitochondria Ocean temperature Phylogenetic analysis Sea ice Sequence motif analysis Speciation Transcriptome analysis |
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Abstract |
Background A comparative thermal tolerance study was undertaken on two sister species of Euphausiids (Antarctic krills) Euphausia superba and Euphausia crystallorophias. Both are essential components of the Southern Ocean ecosystem, but occupy distinct environmental geographical locations with slightly different temperature regimes. They therefore provide a useful model system for the investigation of adaptations to thermal tolerance. Methodology/Principal Finding Initial CTmax studies showed that E. superba was slightly more thermotolerant than E. crystallorophias. Five Hsp70 mRNAs were characterized from the RNAseq data of both species and subsequent expression kinetics studies revealed notable differences in induction of each of the 5 orthologues between the two species, with E. crystallorophias reacting more rapidly than E. superba. Furthermore, analyses conducted to estimate the evolutionary rates and selection strengths acting on each gene tended to support the hypothesis that diversifying selection has contributed to the diversification of this gene family, and led to the selective relaxation on the inducible C form with its possible loss of function in the two krill species. Conclusions The sensitivity of the epipelagic species E. crystallorophias to temperature variations and/or its adaptation to cold is enhanced when compared with its sister species, E. superba. These results indicate that ice krill could be the first of the two species to be impacted by the warming of coastal waters of the Austral ocean in the coming years due to climate change. |
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1039 |
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1932-6203 |
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yes |
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Serial |
8177 |
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Author |
Candice Michelot, Akiko Kato, Thierry Raclot, Yan Ropert-Coudert |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
PLOS ONE |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
16 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
e0244298 |
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Keywords |
Animal behavior Animal sexual behavior Animal sociality Birds Foraging Nesting habits Penguins Reproductive success |
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1091 |
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1932-6203 |
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yes |
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Serial |
6428 |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
PLOS ONE |
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Volume |
17 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
e0265849 |
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Keywords |
Animal behavior Animal sociality Birds Equipment Feathers Legs Molting Penguins |
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137 |
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1932-6203 |
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yes |
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8704 |
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Author |
David Boertmann, Flemming Merkel, Olivier Gilg |
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Title |
Seabird Breeding Colonies in East and North Greenland: A Baseline |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
ARCTIC |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
73 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
20-39 |
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Keywords |
climate change colonial seabirds distribution Greenland |
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1036 |
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1923-1245 |
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yes |
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7681 |
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2010 |
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6 |
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1135 |
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1919-6474 |
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yes |
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2699 |
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Author |
Gillespie L, Soreng R.J., Bull R.D., Jacobs S.W.L. & Refulio-Rodriguez N.F. |
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Title |
Phylogenetic relationships in subtribe Poinae (Poaceae, Poeae) based on nuclear ITS and plastid trnT-trnL-trnF sequences. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2008 |
Publication |
Botany-botanique |
Abbreviated Journal |
Botany |
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86 |
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Pages |
938-967 |
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136 |
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1916-2790 |
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yes |
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5230 |
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Author |
Barthelemy M, Lystrup M B, Menager H, Miller S, Lilensten J, |
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Title |
First detection of polarization in jovian auroral H+3 emissions |
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Journal Article |
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2011 |
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A&A |
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530 |
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Keywords |
polarization / molecular data / planets and satellites: aurorae / planets and satellites: individual: Jupiter |
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1026 |
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1895-6572 |
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yes |
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220 |
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Title |
Geomagnetic core field models and secular variation forecasts for the 13th International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF-13) |
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2020 |
Publication |
Earth, Planets and Space |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
72 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
155 |
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Keywords |
Forecasts of the geomagnetic field Geomagnetic field models Geomagnetic secular variation The geomagnetic field |
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139 |
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1880-5981 |
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yes |
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7364 |
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