| Records |
| Author |
Sara Labrousse, Jean-Baptiste Sallée, Alexander D. Fraser, Rob A. Massom, Phillip Reid, William Hobbs, Christophe Guinet, Robert Harcourt, Clive McMahon, Matthieu Authier, Frédéric Bailleul, Mark A. Hindell, Jean-Benoit Charrassin |
| Title |
Variability in sea ice cover and climate elicit sex specific responses in an Antarctic predator |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
43236 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Contrasting regional changes in Southern Ocean sea ice have occurred over the last 30 years with distinct regional effects on ecosystem structure and function. Quantifying how Antarctic predators respond to such changes provides the context for predicting how climate variability/change will affect these assemblages into the future. Over an 11-year time-series, we examine how inter-annual variability in sea ice concentration and advance affect the foraging behaviour of a top Antarctic predator, the southern elephant seal. Females foraged longer in pack ice in years with greatest sea ice concentration and earliest sea ice advance, while males foraged longer in polynyas in years of lowest sea ice concentration. There was a positive relationship between near-surface meridional wind anomalies and female foraging effort, but not for males. This study reveals the complexities of foraging responses to climate forcing by a poleward migratory predator through varying sea ice property and dynamic anomalies. |
| Programme |
109 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
ISSN  |
2045-2322 |
ISBN |
2045-2322 |
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
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Conference |
|
| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
7168 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Mikko Vihtakari, Jorg Welcker, Børge Moe, Olivier Chastel, Sabrina Tartu, Haakon Hop, Claus Bech, Sébastien Descamps, Geir Wing Gabrielsen |
| Title |
Black-legged kittiwakes as messengers of Atlantification in the Arctic |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
8 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1178 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Climate warming is rapidly altering marine ecosystems towards a more temperate state on the European side of the Arctic. However, this “Atlantification” has rarely been confirmed, as long-term datasets on Arctic marine organisms are scarce. We present a 19-year time series (1982–2016) of diet samples from black-legged kittiwakes as an indicator of the changes in a high Arctic marine ecosystem (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard). Our results highlight a shift from Arctic prey dominance until 2006 to a more mixed diet with high contribution of Atlantic fishes. Capelin, an Atlantic species, dominated the diet composition in 2007, marking a shift in the food web. The occurrence of polar cod, a key Arctic fish species, positively correlated with sea ice index, whereas Atlantic species demonstrated the opposite correlation indicating that the diet shift was likely connected with recent climate warming. Kittiwakes, which gather available fish and zooplankton near the sea surface to feed their chicks, can act as messengers of ecosystem change. Changes in their diet reveal that the Kongsfjord system has drifted in an Atlantic direction over the last decade. |
| Programme |
330 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2045-2322 |
ISBN |
2045-2322 |
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
7243 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
Sakiko Ishino, Shohei Hattori, Joel Savarino, Michel Legrand, Emmanuelle Albalat, Francis Albarede, Susanne Preunkert, Bruno Jourdain, Naohiro Yoshida |
| Title |
Homogeneous sulfur isotope signature in East Antarctica and implication for sulfur source shifts through the last glacial-interglacial cycle |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
12378 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Sulfate aerosol (SO42−) preserved in Antarctic ice cores is discussed in the light of interactions between marine biological activity and climate since it is mainly sourced from biogenic emissions from the surface ocean and scatters solar radiation during traveling in the atmosphere. However, there has been a paradox between the ice core record and the marine sediment record; the former shows constant non-sea-salt (nss-) SO42− flux throughout the glacial-interglacial changes, and the latter shows a decrease in biogenic productivity during glacial periods compared to interglacial periods. Here, by ensuring the homogeneity of sulfur isotopic compositions of atmospheric nss-SO42− (δ34Snss) over East Antarctica, we established the applicability of the signature as a robust tool for distinguishing marine biogenic and nonmarine biogenic SO42−. Our findings, in conjunction with existing records of nss-SO42− flux and δ34Snss in Antarctic ice cores, provide an estimate of the relative importance of marine biogenic SO42− during the last glacial period to be 48 ± 10% of nss-SO42−, slightly lower than 59 ± 11% during the interglacial periods. Thus, our results tend to reconcile the ice core and sediment records, with both suggesting the decrease in marine productivity around Southern Ocean under the cold climate. |
| Programme |
414 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2045-2322 |
ISBN |
2045-2322 |
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
7849 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
Martin Bulla, Hanna Prüter, Hana Vitnerová, Wim Tijsen, Martin Sládeček, José A. Alves, Olivier Gilg, Bart Kempenaers |
| Title |
Flexible parental care: Uniparental incubation in biparentally incubating shorebirds |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
12851 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
The relative investment of females and males into parental care might depend on the population’s adult sex-ratio. For example, all else being equal, males should be the more caring sex if the sex-ratio is male biased. Whether such outcomes are evolutionary fixed (i.e. related to the species’ typical sex-ratio) or whether they arise through flexible responses of individuals to the current population sex-ratio remains unclear. Nevertheless, a flexible response might be limited by the evolutionary history of the species, because one sex may have lost the ability to care or because a single parent cannot successfully raise the brood. Here, we demonstrate that after the disappearance of one parent, individuals from 8 out of 15 biparentally incubating shorebird species were able to incubate uniparentally for 1–19 days (median = 3, N = 69). Moreover, their daily incubation rhythm often resembled that of obligatory uniparental shorebird species. Although it has been suggested that in some biparental shorebirds females desert their brood after hatching, we found both sexes incubating uniparentally. Strikingly, in 27% of uniparentally incubated clutches – from 5 species – we documented successful hatching. Our data thus reveal the potential for a flexible switch from biparental to uniparental care. |
| Programme |
1036 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2045-2322 |
ISBN |
2045-2322 |
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
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Conference |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
7346 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
Lorrie Maccario, Shelly D. Carpenter, Jody W. Deming, Timothy M. Vogel, Catherine Larose |
| Title |
Sources and selection of snow-specific microbial communities in a Greenlandic sea ice snow cover |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
2290 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Sea ice and its snow cover are critical for global processes including climate regulation and biogeochemical cycles. Despite an increase in studies focused on snow microorganisms, the ecology of snow inhabitants remains unclear. In this study, we investigated sources and selection of a snowpack-specific microbial community by comparing metagenomes from samples collected in a Greenlandic fjord within a vertical profile including atmosphere, snowpack with four distinct layers of snow, sea ice brine and seawater. Microbial communities in all snow layers derived from mixed sources, both marine and terrestrial, and were more similar to atmospheric communities than to sea ice or seawater communities. The surface snow metagenomes were characterized by the occurrence of genes involved in photochemical stress resistance, primary production and metabolism of diverse carbon sources. The basal saline snow layer that was in direct contact with the sea ice surface harbored a higher abundance of cells than the overlying snow layers, with a predominance of Alteromonadales and a higher relative abundance of marine representatives. However, the overall taxonomic structure of the saline layer was more similar to that of other snow layers and the atmosphere than to underlying sea ice and seawater. The expulsion of relatively nutrient-rich sea ice brine into basal snow might have stimulated the growth of copiotrophic psychro- and halotolerant snow members. Our study indicates that the size, composition and function of snowpack microbial communities over sea ice were influenced primarily by atmospheric deposition and inflow of sea ice brine and that they form a snow-specific assemblage reflecting the particular environmental conditions of the snowpack habitat. |
| Programme |
1192 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2045-2322 |
ISBN |
2045-2322 |
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
7406 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
M. J. Frugone, A. Lowther, D. Noll, B. Ramos, P. Pistorius, G. P. M. Dantas, M. V. Petry, F. Bonadonna, A. Steinfurth, A. Polanowski, A. Raya Rey, N. A. Lois, K. Pütz, P. Trathan, B. Wienecke, E. Poulin, J. A. Vianna |
| Title |
Contrasting phylogeographic pattern among Eudyptes penguins around the Southern Ocean |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
8 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-16 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Since at least the middle-Miocene, the Antarctic Polar Front (APF) and the Subtropical Front (STF) appear to have been the main drivers of diversification of marine biota in the Southern Ocean. However, highly migratory marine birds and mammals challenge this paradigm and the importance of oceanographic barriers. Eudyptes penguins range from the Antarctic Peninsula to subantarctic islands and some of the southernmost subtropical islands. Because of recent diversification, the number of species remains uncertain. Here we analyze two mtDNA (HVRI, COI) and two nuclear (ODC, AK1) markers from 13 locations of five putative Eudyptes species: rockhopper (E. filholi, E. chrysocome, and E. moseleyi), macaroni (E. chrysolophus) and royal penguins (E. schlegeli). Our results show a strong phylogeographic structure among rockhopper penguins from South America, subantarctic and subtropical islands supporting the recognition of three separated species of rockhopper penguins. Although genetic divergence was neither observed among macaroni penguins from the Antarctic Peninsula and sub-Antarctic islands nor between macaroni and royal penguins, population genetic analyses revealed population genetic structure in both cases. We suggest that the APF and STF can act as barriers for these species. While the geographic distance between colonies might play a role, their impact/incidence on gene flow may vary between species and colonies. |
| Programme |
354 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
|
Edition |
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| ISSN |
2045-2322 |
ISBN |
2045-2322 |
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
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Conference |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
7466 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Paul Tixier, Paul Burch, Gaetan Richard, Karin Olsson, Dirk Welsford, Mary-Anne Lea, Mark A. Hindell, Christophe Guinet, Anais Janc, Nicolas Gasco, Guy Duhamel, Maria Ching Villanueva, Lavinia Suberg, Rhys Arangio, Marta Söffker, John P. Y. Arnould |
| Title |
Commercial fishing patterns influence odontocete whale-longline interactions in the Southern Ocean |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-11 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
The emergence of longline fishing around the world has been concomitant with an increase in depredation-interactions by odontocete whales (removal of fish caught on hooks), resulting in substantial socio-economic and ecological impacts. The extent, trends and underlying mechanisms driving these interactions remain poorly known. Using long-term (2003–2017) datasets from seven major Patagonian toothfish (Dissostichus eleginoides) longline fisheries, this study assessed the levels and inter-annual trends of sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) and/or killer whale (Orcinus orca) interactions as proportions of fishing time (days) and fishing area (spatial cells). The role of fishing patterns in explaining between-fisheries variations of probabilities of odontocete interactions was investigated. While interaction levels remained globally stable since the early 2000s, they varied greatly between fisheries from 0 to >50% of the fishing days and area. Interaction probabilities were influenced by the seasonal concentration of fishing effort, size of fishing areas, density of vessels, their mobility and the depth at which they operated. The results suggest that between-fisheries variations of interaction probabilities are largely explained by the extent to which vessels provide whales with opportunities for interactions. Determining the natural distribution of whales will, therefore, allow fishers to implement better strategies of spatio-temporal avoidance of depredation. |
| Programme |
109 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2045-2322 |
ISBN |
2045-2322 |
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
7447 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Françoise Amélineau, David Grémillet, Ann M. A. Harding, Wojciech Walkusz, Rémi Choquet, Jérôme Fort |
| Title |
Arctic climate change and pollution impact little auk foraging and fitness across a decade |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Scientific reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-15 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Ongoing global changes apply drastic environmental forcing onto Arctic marine ecosystems, particularly through ocean warming, sea-ice shrinkage and enhanced pollution. To test impacts on arctic marine ecological functioning, we used a 12-year integrative study of little auks (Alle alle), the most abundant seabird in the Atlantic Arctic. We monitored the foraging ecology, reproduction, survival and body condition of breeding birds, and we tested linkages between these biological variables and a set of environmental parameters including sea-ice concentration (SIC) and mercury contamination. Little auks showed substantial plasticity in response to SIC, with deeper and longer dives but less time spent underwater and more time flying when SIC decreased. Their diet also contained less lipid-rich ice-associated prey when SIC decreased. Further, in contrast to former studies conducted at the annual scale, little auk fitness proxies were impacted by environmental changes: Adult body condition and chick growth rate were negatively linked to SIC and mercury contamination. However, no trend was found for adult survival despite high inter-annual variability. Our results suggest that potential benefits of milder climatic conditions in East Greenland may be offset by increasing pollution in the Arctic. Overall, our study stresses the importance of long-term studies integrating ecology and ecotoxicology. |
| Programme |
388 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2045-2322 |
ISBN |
2045-2322 |
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
7460 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Marina Renedo, David Amouroux, Zoyne Pedrero, Paco Bustamante, Yves Cherel |
| Title |
Identification of sources and bioaccumulation pathways of MeHg in subantarctic penguins: a stable isotopic investigation |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
8 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-10 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Seabirds are widely used as bioindicators of mercury (Hg) contamination in marine ecosystems and the investigation of their foraging strategies is of key importance to better understand methylmercury (MeHg) exposure pathways and environmental sources within the different ecosystems. Here we report stable isotopic composition for both Hg mass-dependent (e.g. δ202Hg) and mass-independent (e.g. Δ199Hg) fractionation (proxies of Hg sources and transformations), carbon (δ13C, proxy of foraging habitat) and nitrogen (δ15N, proxy of trophic position) in blood of four species of sympatric penguins breeding at the subantarctic Crozet Islands (Southern Indian Ocean). Penguins have species-specific foraging strategies, from coastal to oceanic waters and from benthic to pelagic dives, and feed on different prey. A progressive increase to heavier Hg isotopic composition (δ202Hg and Δ199Hg, respectively) was observed from benthic (1.45 ± 0.12 and 1.41 ± 0.06‰) to epipelagic (1.93 ± 0.18 and 1.77 ± 0.13‰) penguins, indicating a benthic-pelagic gradient of MeHg sources close to Crozet Islands. The relative variations of MeHg concentration, δ202Hg and Δ199Hg with pelagic penguins feeding in Polar Front circumpolar waters (1.66 ± 0.11 and 1.54 ± 0.06‰) support that different MeHg sources occur at large scales in Southern Ocean deep waters. |
| Programme |
109 |
| Campaign |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
2045-2322 |
ISBN |
2045-2322 |
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
7482 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
F. R. Fontaine, G. Roult, B. Hejrani, L. Michon, V. Ferrazzini, G. Barruol, H. Tkalčić, A. Di Muro, A. Peltier, D. Reymond, T. Staudacher, F. Massin |
| Title |
Very- and ultra-long-period seismic signals prior to and during caldera formation on La Réunion Island |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-15 |
| Keywords |
|
| Abstract |
Early detection of the onset of a caldera collapse can provide crucial information to understand their formation and thus to minimize risks for the nearby population and visitors. Here, we analyse the 2007 caldera collapse of Piton de la Fournaise on La Réunion Island recorded by a broadband seismic station. We show that this instrument recorded ultra-long period (ULP) signals with frequencies in the range (0.003–0.01 Hz) accompanied by very-long period (VLP) signals (between 0.02 and 0.50 Hz) prior to and during the caldera formation suggesting it is possible to detect the beginning of the collapse at depth and anticipate its surface formation. Interestingly, VLP wave packets with a similar duration of 20 s are identified prior to and during the caldera formation. We propose that these events could result from repeating piston-like successive collapses occurring through a ring-fault structure surrounding a magma reservoir from the following arguments: the source mechanism from the main collapse, the observations of slow source processes as well as observations from the field and the characteristic ring-fault seismicity. |
| Programme |
133 |
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Place of Publication |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
| ISSN |
2045-2322 |
ISBN |
2045-2322 |
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
7514 |
| Permanent link to this record |
