| |
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
|
|
| |
Title |
Selection processes of Arctic seasonal glacier snowpack bacterial communities |
Type |
Journal |
| |
Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Microbiome |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
| |
Volume |
11 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
35 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Arctic Microbial ecology Neutral processes Niche-based selection Snow |
|
| |
Abstract |
Arctic snowpack microbial communities are continually subject to dynamic chemical and microbial input from the atmosphere. As such, the factors that contribute to structuring their microbial communities are complex and have yet to be completely resolved. These snowpack communities can be used to evaluate whether they fit niche-based or neutral assembly theories. |
|
| |
Programme |
1192 |
|
| |
Campaign |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN  |
2049-2618 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
|
| |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
8639 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
|
|
| |
Title |
Location of studies and evidence of effects of herbivory on Arctic vegetation: a systematic map |
Type |
Journal |
| |
Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Environmental Evidence |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
| |
Volume |
10 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
25 |
|
| |
Keywords |
|
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Programme |
1036 |
|
| |
Campaign |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
2047-2382 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
|
| |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
8386 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
|
|
| |
Title |
|
Type |
Journal |
| |
Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Biology Open |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
| |
Volume |
12 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
bio059512 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals Antarctic Antarctic Regions Ecoimmunology Field study Immunity Spheniscidae Stress |
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Programme |
1091 |
|
| |
Campaign |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
2046-6390 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
|
| |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
8761 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Dewar Meagan L, Arnould John P Y, Dann Peter, Trathan Phil, Groscolas Rene, Smith Stuart, |
|
| |
Title |
Interspecific variations in the gastrointestinal microbiota in penguins
|
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2013 |
Publication |
MicrobiologyOpen |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
| |
Volume |
2 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
195-204 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Microbiota, penguins, pyrosequencing, qPCR, |
|
| |
Abstract |
Despite the enormous amount of data available on the importance of the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota in vertebrate (especially mammals), information on the GI microbiota of seabirds remains incomplete. As with many seabirds, penguins have a unique digestive physiology that enables them to store large reserves of adipose tissue, protein, and lipids. This study used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing to characterize the interspecific variations of the GI microbiota of four penguin species: the king, gentoo, macaroni, and little penguin. The qPCR results indicated that there were significant differences in the abundance of the major phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Actinobacteria, and Proteobacteria. A total of 132,340, 18,336, 6324, and 4826 near full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences were amplified from fecal samples collected from king, gentoo, macaroni, and little penguins, respectively. A total of 13 phyla were identified with Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Fusobacteria dominating the composition; however, there were major differences in the relative abundance of the phyla. In addition, this study documented the presence of known human pathogens, such as Campylobacter, Helicobacter, Prevotella, Veillonella, Erysipelotrichaceae, Neisseria, and Mycoplasma. However, their role in disease in penguins remains unknown. To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide an in-depth investigation of the GI microbiota of penguins.
|
|
| |
Programme |
119 |
|
| |
Campaign |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
2045-8827 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
|
| |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
4878 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
|
|
| |
Title |
Snow microbiome functional analyses reveal novel aspects of microbial metabolism of complex organic compounds |
Type |
Journal |
| |
Year |
2020 |
Publication |
MicrobiologyOpen |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
| |
Volume |
9 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
e1100 |
|
| |
Keywords |
metagenome metatranscriptome mi-faser snow microbiome |
|
| |
Abstract |
Microbes active in extreme cold are not as well explored as those of other extreme environments. Studies have revealed a substantial microbial diversity and identified cold-specific microbiome molecular functions. We analyzed the metagenomes and metatranscriptomes of 20 snow samples collected in early and late spring in Svalbard, Norway using mi-faser, our read-based computational microbiome function annotation tool. Our results reveal a more diverse microbiome functional capacity and activity in the early- vs. late-spring samples. We also find that functional dissimilarity between the same-sample metagenomes and metatranscriptomes is significantly higher in early than late spring samples. These findings suggest that early spring samples may contain a larger fraction of DNA of dormant (or dead) organisms, while late spring samples reflect a new, metabolically active community. We further show that the abundance of sequencing reads mapping to the fatty acid synthesis-related microbial pathways in late spring metagenomes and metatranscriptomes is significantly correlated with the organic acid levels measured in these samples. Similarly, the organic acid levels correlate with the pathway read abundances of geraniol degradation and inversely correlate with those of styrene degradation, suggesting a possible nutrient change. Our study thus highlights the activity of microbial degradation pathways of complex organic compounds previously unreported at low temperatures. |
|
| |
Programme |
1192 |
|
| |
Campaign |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
2045-8827 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
|
| |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
7964 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Ingels Jeroen, Vanreusel Ann, Brandt Angelika, Catarino Ana I, David Bruno, De Ridder Chantal, Dubois Philippe, Gooday Andrew J, Martin Patrick, Pasotti Francesca, Robert Henri, |
|
| |
Title |
Possible effects of global environmental changes on Antarctic benthos: a synthesis across five major taxa
|
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
| |
Volume |
2 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
453-485 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Amphipoda, Echinoidea, Foraminifera, global climate change, Isopoda, Nematoda, Southern Ocean, zoobenthos, |
|
| |
Abstract |
Because of the unique conditions that exist around the Antarctic continent, Southern Ocean (SO) ecosystems are very susceptible to the growing impact of global climate change and other anthropogenic influences. Consequently, there is an urgent need to understand how SO marine life will cope with expected future changes in the environment. Studies of Antarctic organisms have shown that individual species and higher taxa display different degrees of sensitivity to environmental shifts, making it difficult to predict overall community or ecosystem responses. This emphasizes the need for an improved understanding of the Antarctic benthic ecosystem response to global climate change using a multitaxon approach with consideration of different levels of biological organization. Here, we provide a synthesis of the ability of five important Antarctic benthic taxa (Foraminifera, Nematoda, Amphipoda, Isopoda, and Echinoidea) to cope with changes in the environment (temperature, pH, ice cover, ice scouring, food quantity, and quality) that are linked to climatic changes. Responses from individual to the taxon-specific community level to these drivers will vary with taxon but will include local species extinctions, invasions of warmer-water species, shifts in diversity, dominance, and trophic group composition, all with likely consequences for ecosystem functioning. Limitations in our current knowledge and understanding of climate change effects on the different levels are discussed.
|
|
| |
Programme |
1124 |
|
| |
Campaign |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
2045-7758 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
|
| |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
4664 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Patrick Samantha C, Charmantier Anne, Weimerskirch Henri, |
|
| |
Title |
Differences in boldness are repeatable and heritable in a long-lived marine predator
|
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
| |
Volume |
3 |
Issue |
13 |
Pages |
4291-4299 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animal model, Bayesian environment, individual behavioral differences, personality, quantitative genetics, wandering albatross, |
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Programme |
109 |
|
| |
Campaign |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
2045-7758 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
|
| |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
4763 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Garnier Romain, Gandon Sylvain, Harding Karin C, Boulinier Thierry, |
|
| |
Title |
Length of intervals between epidemics: evaluating the influence of maternal transfer of immunity
|
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
| |
Volume |
4 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
568-575 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Epidemiology, harbor seal, maternal antibodies, phocine distemper, |
|
| |
Abstract |
The length of intervals between epidemic outbreaks of infectious diseases is critical in epidemiology. In several species of marine mammals and birds, it is pivotal to also consider the life history of the species of concern, as the contact rate between individuals can have a seasonal flux, for example, due to aggregations during the breeding season. Recently, particular interest has been given to the role of the dynamics of immunity in determining the intervals between epidemics in wild animal populations. One potentially powerful, but often neglected, process in this context is the maternal transfer of immunity. Here, we explore theoretically how the transfer of maternal antibodies can delay the recurrence of epidemics using Phocine Distemper in harbor seals as an example of a system in which epidemic outbreaks are followed by pathogen extinction. We show that the presence of temporarily protected newborns can significantly increase the predicted interval between epidemics, and this effect is strongly dependent on the degree of synchrony in the breeding season. Furthermore, we found that stochasticity in the onset of epidemics in combination with maternally acquired immunity increases the predicted intervals between epidemics even more. These effects arise because newborns with maternal antibodies temporarily boost population level immunity above the threshold of herd immunity, particularly when breeding is synchronous. Overall, our results show that maternal antibodies can have a profound influence on the dynamics of wildlife epidemics, notably in gregarious species such as many marine mammals and seabirds.
|
|
| |
Programme |
333 |
|
| |
Campaign |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
2045-7758 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
|
| |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
4947 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Pardo Deborah, Barbraud Christophe, Weimerskirch Henri, |
|
| |
Title |
What shall I do now? State-dependent variations of life-history traits with aging in Wandering Albatrosses
|
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
| |
Volume |
4 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
474-487 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Bienniality, breeding probability and success, cost of reproduction, Diomedea exulans, failure, survival., |
|
| |
Abstract |
Allocation decisions depend on an organism's condition which can change with age. Two opposite changes in life-history traits are predicted in the presence of senescence: either an increase in breeding performance in late age associated with terminal investment or a decrease due to either life-history trade-offs between current breeding and future survival or decreased efficiency at old age. Age variation in several life-history traits has been detected in a number of species, and demographic performances of individuals in a given year are influenced by their reproductive state the previous year. Few studies have, however, examined state-dependent variation in life-history traits with aging, and they focused mainly on a dichotomy of successful versus failed breeding and non-breeding birds. Using a 50-year dataset on the long-lived quasi-biennial breeding wandering albatross, we investigated variations in life-history traits with aging according to a gradient of states corresponding to potential costs of reproduction the previous year (in ascending order): non-breeding birds staying at sea or present at breeding grounds, breeding birds that failed early, late or were successful. We used multistate models to study survival and decompose reproduction into four components (probabilities of return, breeding, hatching, and fledging), while accounting for imperfect detection. Our results suggest the possible existence of two strategies in the population: strict biennial breeders that exhibited almost no reproductive senescence and quasi-biennial breeders that showed an increased breeding frequency with a strong and moderate senescence on hatching and fledging probabilities, respectively. The patterns observed on survival were contrary to our predictions, suggesting an influence of individual quality rather than trade-offs between reproduction and survival at late ages. This work represents a step further into understanding the evolutionary ecology of senescence and its relationship with costs of reproduction at the population level. It paves the way for individual-based studies that could show the importance of intra-population heterogeneity in those processes.
|
|
| |
Programme |
109 |
|
| |
Campaign |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
2045-7758 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
|
| |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
5073 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
|
|
| |
Title |
Does natural selection explain the fine scale genetic structure at the nuclear exon Glu-5′ in blue mussels from Kerguelen? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
| |
Volume |
5 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
1456-1473 |
|
| |
Keywords |
|
|
| |
Abstract |
The Kerguelen archipelago, isolated in the Southern Ocean, shelters a blue mussel Mytilus metapopulation far from any influence of continental populations or any known hybrid zone. The finely carved coast leads to a highly heterogeneous habitat. We investigated the impact of the environment on the genetic structure in those Kerguelen blue mussels by relating allele frequencies to habitat descriptors. A total sample comprising up to 2248 individuals from 35 locations was characterized using two nuclear markers, mac-1 and Glu-5′, and a mitochondrial marker (COI). The frequency data from 9 allozyme loci in 9 of these locations were also reanalyzed. Two other nuclear markers (EFbis and EFprem's) were monomorphic. Compared to Northern Hemisphere populations, polymorphism in Kerguelen blue mussels was lower for all markers except for the exon Glu-5′. At Glu-5′, genetic differences were observed between samples from distinct regions (FCT = 0.077), as well as within two regions, including between samples separated by <500 m. No significant differentiation was observed in the AMOVA analyses at the two other markers (mac-1 and COI). Like mac-1, all allozyme loci genotyped in a previous publication, displayed lower differentiation (Jost's D) and FST values than Glu-5′. Power simulations and confidence intervals support that Glu-5′ displays significantly higher differentiation than the other loci (except a single allozyme for which confidence intervals overlap). AMOVA analyses revealed significant effects of the giant kelp Macrocystis and wave exposure on this marker. We discuss the influence of hydrological conditions on the genetic differentiation among regions. In marine organisms with high fecundity and high dispersal potential, gene flow tends to erase differentiation, but this study showed significant differentiation at very small distance. This may be explained by the particular hydrology and the carved coastline of the Kerguelen archipelago, together with spatially variable selection at Glu-5′ |
|
| |
Programme |
1044 |
|
| |
Campaign |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
2045-7758 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
|
| |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
5681 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
