| Records |
| Author |
Lisa-Marie Mazzolo |
| Title |
Evolution de la calotte glaciaire du Svalbard par altimétrie laser |
Type |
Master 2 |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
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| Programme |
337 |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
8357 |
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| Author |
Stefan Osterwalder, Sarrah M. Dunham-Cheatham, Beatriz Ferreira Araujo, Olivier Magand, Jennie L. Thomas, Foteini Baladima, Katrine Aspmo Pfaffhuber, Torunn Berg, Lei Zhang, Jiaoyan Huang, Aurélien Dommergue, Jeroen E. Sonke, Mae Sexauer Gustin |
| Title |
Fate of Springtime Atmospheric Reactive Mercury: Concentrations and Deposition at Zeppelin, Svalbard |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
ACS Earth and Space Chemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
5 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
3234-3246 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Mid-latitude atmospheric elemental mercury (Hg) emissions undergo extensive oxidation to reactive Hg (RM) compounds during Arctic polar sunrise, resulting in enhanced atmospheric deposition that impacts Arctic marine wildlife and humans. It has been difficult to estimate RM dry deposition, because RM concentrations, compounds, and their deposition velocities are ill-defined. Here, we investigate RM concentrations sampled with membrane-based methods and find these to exceed denuder-based RM detection by 5 times at the Zeppelin Observatory on Svalbard (March 26–July 24, 2019). Measured dry deposition of gaseous oxidized Hg was about half of the modeled RM deposition, demonstrating that particulate-bound Hg was an important component of dry deposition. Using thermal membrane desorption, RM chemistry was found to be dominated by Hg–Cl/Br (51%) and Hg–N (45%) compounds. Back-trajectory analysis indicated that Hg–Br/Cl compounds were predominantly advected from within the marine boundary layer (sea ice exposure), while Hg–N originated from the free troposphere. Weekly average RM compound-specific dry deposition velocities ranged from 0.12 to 0.49 cm s–1, with a net RM dry deposition of 1.9 μg m–2 (1.5–2.5 μg m–2; 95% confidence interval) that exceeds the mean annual Hg wet deposition flux in Svalbard. Overall, we find that springtime atmospheric RM deposition has been underestimated in the Arctic marine environment. |
| Programme |
1028 |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
8361 |
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| Author |
Martin Beal, Maria P. Dias, Richard A. Phillips, Steffen Oppel, Carolina Hazin, Elizabeth J. Pearmain, Josh Adams, David J. Anderson, Michelle Antolos, Javier A. Arata, José Manuel Arcos, John P. Y. Arnould, Jill Awkerman, Elizabeth Bell, Mike Bell, Mark Carey, Ryan Carle, Thomas A. Clay, Jaimie Cleeland, Valentina Colodro, Melinda Conners, Marta Cruz-Flores, Richard Cuthbert, Karine Delord, Lorna Deppe, Ben J. Dilley, Herculano Dinis, Graeme Elliott, Fernanda De Felipe, Jonathan Felis, Manuela G. Forero, Amanda Freeman, Akira Fukuda, Jacob González-Solís, José Pedro Granadeiro, April Hedd, Peter Hodum, José Manuel Igual, Audrey Jaeger, Todd J. Landers, Matthieu Le Corre, Azwianewi Makhado, Benjamin Metzger, Teresa Militão, William A. Montevecchi, Virginia Morera-Pujol, Leia Navarro-Herrero, Deon Nel, David Nicholls, Daniel Oro, Ridha Ouni, Kiyoaki Ozaki, Flavio Quintana, Raül Ramos, Tim Reid, José Manuel Reyes-González, Christopher Robertson, Graham Robertson, Mohamed Salah Romdhane, Peter G. Ryan, Paul Sagar, Fumio Sato, Stefan Schoombie, R. Paul Scofield, Scott A. Shaffer, Nirmal Jivan Shah, Kim L. Stevens, Christopher Surman, Robert M. Suryan, Akinori Takahashi, Vikash Tatayah, Graeme Taylor, David R. Thompson, Leigh Torres, Kath Walker, Ross Wanless, Susan M. Waugh, Henri Weimerskirch, Takashi Yamamoto, Zuzana Zajkova, Laura Zango, Paulo Catry |
| Title |
Global political responsibility for the conservation of albatrosses and large petrels |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Science Advances |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
eabd7225 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Migratory marine species cross political borders and enter the high seas, where the lack of an effective global management framework for biodiversity leaves them vulnerable to threats. Here, we combine 10,108 tracks from 5775 individual birds at 87 sites with data on breeding population sizes to estimate the relative year-round importance of national jurisdictions and high seas areas for 39 species of albatrosses and large petrels. Populations from every country made extensive use of the high seas, indicating the stake each country has in the management of biodiversity in international waters. We quantified the links among national populations of these threatened seabirds and the regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) which regulate fishing in the high seas. This work makes explicit the relative responsibilities that each country and RFMO has for the management of shared biodiversity, providing invaluable information for the conservation and management of migratory species in the marine realm. |
| Programme |
109 |
| Campaign |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
8369 |
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| Author |
L. Aulus-Giacosa, F. Guéraud, P. Gaudin, M. Buoro, J. C. Aymes, J. Labonne, M. Vignon |
| Title |
Human influence on brown trout juvenile body size during metapopulation expansion |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Biology Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
17 |
Issue |
10 |
Pages |
20210366 |
| Keywords |
brown trout density dependence dispersal invasion biology subantarctic |
| Abstract |
Change in body size can be driven by social (density) and non-social (environmental and spatial variation) factors. In expanding metapopulations, spatial sorting by means of dispersal on the expansion front can further drive the evolution of body size. However, human intervention can dramatically affect these founder effects. Using long-term monitoring of the colonization of the remote Kerguelen islands by brown trout, a facultative anadromous salmonid, we analyse body size variation in 32 naturally founded and 10 human-introduced populations over 57 years. In naturally founded populations, we find that spatial sorting promotes slow positive changes in body size on the expansion front, then that body size decreases as populations get older and local density increases. This pattern is, however, completely different in human-introduced populations, where body size remains constant or even increases as populations get older. The present findings confirm that changes in body size can be affected by metapopulation expansion, but that human influence, even in very remote environments, can fully alter this process. |
| Programme |
1041 |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
8373 |
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| Author |
Paul Tixier, Nicolas Gasco, Jared R. Towers, Christophe Guinet |
| Title |
Killer whales of the Crozet Archipelago and adjacent waters: photo-identification catalogue, population status and distribution in 2020 |
Type |
Report |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Technical report. centre d’etudes biologiques de chizé, centre national de la recherche scientifique, france |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-167 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
Three forms of killer whales (Orcinus orca) occur around the subantarctic islands of the southern Indian Ocean (42-53°S; 34-74°E). The form encountered in both inshore and offshore waters, described as generalist in its feeding preferences (seals, whales, penguins and fish as prey) and known to depredate toothfish from longliners has been opportunistically photo-identified around the Crozet archipelago since the 1960s. Together with photo-identification data collected in the Prince Edward/Marion EEZ, Kerguelen EEZ and international waters, this report provides up to date information on the abundance and distribution of the Crozet killer whales. In total, 124,313 photographs taken during 2,109 encounters since 1964 were analysed, allowing for 299 individuals to be identified. Most encounters with available data were from the Crozet EEZ (1,432 from longliners, 602 from Île de la Possession) and occurred after 2003 when photo-identification was implemented in the fishery observer program. Among the 188 individuals recorded in the Crozet EEZ since 2003, 22 (12%) were also photographed in the Kerguelen EEZ, 13 (7%) in the Prince Edward/Marion EEZ and 13 (7%) in adjacent international waters. The frequently encountered subset of the Crozet killer whale population was composed of 23 social units (maternal groups), 19 of which included individuals alive in 2020. These social units ranged in size from 1 to 11 individuals with a mean (± SD) of 4 ± 3 per unit. As of June 2020 when the latest photographs included in the study were taken, abundance of this subset was 89-94 individuals. However, detailed analysis of data collected between 2005 and 2020 shows that the number of confirmed deaths (n = 51) exceeds the number of recorded births (n = 46), resulting in a 5% decrease of the population size over this period. These deaths were distributed across the population with the majority occurring in the most common sex and age classes – adult females and juveniles. Factors contributing to mortalities are unclear, but may include lethal interactions with illegal fisheries. When paired with the fact that the Crozet killer whales already underwent a severe mortality episode in the 1990s, these findings raise strong concerns about the future of the population and stress the necessity of conservation actions while maintaining an intensive monitoring effort. |
| Programme |
109 |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
8380 |
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| Author |
Lavrillier A. |
| Title |
Le pas léger sur la Terre des peuples des neiges |
Type |
Book |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Atlas de la terre : comment l'homme a dominé la nature ? |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
Hors-Série |
Issue |
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Pages |
80-81 |
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| Programme |
1127 |
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ISBN |
978-2368041192 |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
8381 |
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| Author |
Grégoire Mureau |
| Title |
Étude des impacts des événements extrêmes sur le massif dunaire de la plage de Sanvík (Islande) |
Type |
Master 1 |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Université de bretagne occidentale |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
https://www-iuem.univ-brest.fr/pops/attachments/26 |
Issue |
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Pages |
62 p. |
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1216 |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
8383 |
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| Author |
Von Beckerath, X., Eitzinger, B., Sittler, B., Gilg, O., Yannic, G., Klein, A.-M., Benadi, G. |
| Title |
Long-term monitoring reveals topographical features and vegetation explain winter habitat use of an Arctic rodent |
Type |
Peer-reviewed symposium |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Annual meeting of the icelandic ecological society. nordic society oikos, reykjavik, iceland, 16-17 april 2021 |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Pages |
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| Programme |
1036 |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
8450 |
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| Author |
Garcin N, Viblanc VA, Schull Q, Michaux D, Reichert S, Robin JP, Bize P, Stier A |
| Title |
Naturally equipped to resist stress |
Type |
Peer-reviewed symposium |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Society for experimental biology annual conference. poster. actes du colloque |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Issue |
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| Abstract |
Stress exposure and stress response are likely to vary according to life history strategies and environmental contexts. Although the acute release of glucocorticoids in response to unpredictable environmental conditions may lead to adaptative behavioral and physiological responses, exposure to high glucocorticoid levels on the long-term usually leads to deleterious cascading effects on animal’s physiology, behavior and fitness. Yet, some species may be more adapted to cope with challenging events than others and might naturally possess protective mechanisms limiting the adverse consequences of prolonged exposure to high glucocorticoid levels. King penguin chicks being naturally exposed to harsh weather, prolonged fasting and constant predation pressure, we investigated the life-history, behavioral and physiological consequences of an experimental increase in corticosterone levels on the medium and long-term (after removing implants), predicting to find relatively few costs associated with such treatment. Although non-significant, CORT-treated chicks were slightly larger, fledged slightly earlier and had slightly higher survival chances than placebo chicks. CORT-treated chicks were significantly more aggressive and displayed lower corticosterone response to acute stress on the medium term, while their physical activity and whole-body energetics were not significantly affected. While mitochondrial density was not significantly affected by the CORT treatment, CORT-treated chicks had lower oxidative stress levels on the long-term than placebo ones, and no significant impact was observed on telomere shortening. Finally, the expression of several genes (i.e. CORT receptor, HSP90, mTOR, NRF2 and TERF2) was up regulated in treated chicks, which could potentially mediate the apparent ‘stress’ resistance we observed at the phenotypic level. |
| Programme |
119 |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
8454 |
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| Author |
Samuel Veilleux, Armelle Decaulne, Najat Bhiry |
| Title |
Snow cornice and snow avalanche monitoring using automatic time lapse cameras in Tasiapik Valley, Nunavik (Québec) during the winter of 2017–2018 |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Arctic Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
7 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
798-812 |
| Keywords |
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| Abstract |
A series of automatic time-lapse cameras installed along the southwestern side of Tasiapik Valley, near the village of Umiujaq, Nunavik (northern Québec) documented several departure modes and types of snow involved in snow avalanches during winter 2017–2018. These included cornice–avalanche dynamics, slab and loose snow avalanches, and clean and dirty snow avalanches. At the top of the selected slope, a camera monitored the development of a snow cornice beginning in November 2017, detecting multiple cornice failures over the winter and spring. The track and deposition area of the runout paths were monitored from two cameras downslope, revealing the concomitance of snow–cornice fall and snow avalanche triggering. Snow avalanche activity remained relatively infrequent until the end of May 2018. Spring snow avalanche activity is characterized by wet and dirty snow avalanches carrying debris to the foot of the slope and by runout zones located near the road along the slope. |
| Programme |
1148 |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
8461 |
| Permanent link to this record |
