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Title |
Stakeholder Perspectives on Triage in Wildlife Monitoring in a Rapidly Changing Arctic |
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Journal |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
4 |
Issue |
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Keywords |
Arctic monitoring decision-making Polar observation Priorization recording wildlife conservation |
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388 |
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2296-701X |
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2296-701X |
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yes |
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7297 |
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Title |
Integument carotenoid-based colouration reflects contamination to perfluoroalkyl substances, but not mercury, in arctic black-legged kittiwakes |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Frontiers in ecology and evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
952765 |
Pages |
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Abstract |
Anthropogenic activities are introducing multiple chemical contaminants into ecosystems that act as stressors for wildlife. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and mercury (Hg) are two relevant contaminants that may cause detrimental effects on the fitness of many aquatic organisms. However, there is a lack of information on their impact on the expression of secondary sexual signals that animals use for mate choice. We have explored the correlations between integument carotenoid-based colourations, blood levels of carotenoids, and blood levels of seven PFAS and of total Hg (THg) in 50 adult male black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) from the Norwegian Arctic during the pre-laying period, while controlling for other colouration influencing variables such as testosterone and body condition. Kittiwakes with elevated blood concentrations of PFAS (PFOSlin, PFNA, PFDcA, PFUnA, or PFDoA) had less chromatic but brighter bills, and brighter gape and tongue; PFOSlin was the pollutant with the strongest association with bill colourations. Conversely, plasma testosterone was the only significant correlate of hue and chroma of both gape and tongue, and of hue of the bill. Kittiwakes with higher concentrations of any PFAS, but not of THg, tended to have significantly higher plasma concentrations of the carotenoids astaxanthin, zeaxanthin, lutein, and cryptoxanthin. Our work provides the first correlative evidence that PFAS exposure might interfere with the carotenoid metabolism and the expression of integument carotenoid-based colourations in a free-living bird species. This outcome may be a direct effect of PFAS exposure or be indirectly caused by components of diet that also correlate with elevated PFAS concentrations (e.g., proteins). It also suggests that there might be no additive effect of THg co-exposure with PFAS on the expression of colourations. These results call for further work on the possible interference of PFAS with the expression of colourations used in mate choice. |
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330 |
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ISSN |
2296-701X |
ISBN |
2296-701X |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8576 |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
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Pages |
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Keywords |
Antarctica basal corticosterone disturbance Human activity Pygoscelis adeliae seabird stress response stress-induced corticosterone |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
1091 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
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ISBN |
2296-701X |
Medium |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8762 |
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Author |
Alexey Lyubushin |
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Title |
Global Seismic Noise Entropy |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Frontiers in Earth Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
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Pages |
558 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
133 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2296-6463 |
ISBN |
2296-6463 |
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Expedition |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7889 |
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Author |
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Title |
Are gastrointestinal parasites associated with the cyclic population dynamics of their arctic lemming hosts? |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
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Pages |
6-12 |
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Keywords |
Cestodes Eimerians Faecal prevalence Greenland Population dynamics Rodent-parasites interactions |
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Abstract |
Many rodents, including most populations of arctic lemmings (genus Dicrostonyx and Lemmus), have cyclic population dynamics. Among the numerous hypotheses which have been proposed and tested to explain this typical characteristic of some terrestrial vertebrate communities, trophic interactions have often been presented as the most likely drivers of these periodic fluctuations. The possible role of parasites has, however, only seldom been assessed. In this study, we genetically measured the prevalence of two endoparasite taxa, eimerians and cestodes, in 372 faecal samples from collared lemmings, over a five year period and across three distant sites in Northeast Greenland. Prevalence of cestodes was low (2.7% over all sites and years) and this taxon was only found at one site (although in 4 out of 5 years) in adult hosts. By contrast, we found high prevalence for eimerians (77.7% over all sites and years), which occurred at all sites, in every year, for both age classes (at the Hochstetter Forland site where both adult and juvenile faeces were collected) and regardless of reproductive and social status inferred from the characteristics of the lemming nests where the samples had been collected. Prevalence of eimerians significantly varied among years (not among sites) and was higher for juvenile than for adult lemmings at the Hochstetter Forland site. However, higher prevalence of eimerians (Pt) was only associated with lower lemming density (Nt) at one of the three sites and we found no delayed density dependence between Nt and Pt+1 to support the parasite hypothesis. Our results show that there is no clear relation between lemming density and eimerian faecal prevalence in Northeast Greenland and hence no evidence that eimerians could be driving the cyclic population dynamics of collared lemmings in this region. |
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Programme |
1036 |
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Campaign |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2213-2244 |
ISBN |
2213-2244 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7616 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
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Title |
Antarctica-Regional Climate and Surface Mass Budget |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Current Climate Change Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
303-315 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
We review recent literature on atmospheric, surface ocean and sea-ice observations and modeling results in the Antarctic sector and relate the observed climatic trends with the potential changes in the surface mass balance (SMB) of the ice sheet since 1900. Estimates of regional scale SMB distribution and trends remain subject to large uncertainties. Approaches combining and comparing multiple satellite and model-based assessments of ice sheet mass balance aim at reducing these knowledge gaps. During the last decades, significant changes in atmospheric circulation occurred around Antarctica, due to the exceptional positive trend in the Southern Annular Mode and to the climate variability observed in the tropical Pacific at the end of the twentieth century. Even though climate over the East Antarctic Ice-Sheet remained quite stable, a warming and precipitation increase was observed over the West Antarctic Ice-Sheet and over the West Antarctic Peninsula (AP) during the twentieth century. However, the high regional climate variability overwhelms climate changes associated to human drivers of global temperature changes, as reflected by a slight recent decadal cooling trend over the AP. Climate models still fail to accurately reproduce the multi-decadal SMB trends at a regional scale, and progress has to be achieved in reproducing atmospheric circulation changes related to complex ocean/ice/atmosphere interactions. Complex processes are also still insufficiently considered, such as (1) specific polar atmospheric processes (clouds, drifting snow, and stable boundary layer physics), (2) surface firn physics involved in the surface drag variations, or in firn air depletion and albedo feedbacks. Finally, progress in reducing the uncertainties relative to projections of the future SMB of Antarctica will largely depend on climate model capability to correctly consider teleconnections with low and mid-latitudes, and on the ability to correct them for biases, taking into account the coupling between ocean, ice, and atmosphere in high southern latitudes. |
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Programme |
411,1154 |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2198-6061 |
ISBN |
2198-6061 |
Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6735 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
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Title |
Antarctica-Regional Climate and Surface Mass Budget |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Current Climate Change Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
303-315 |
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Keywords |
Antarctica Climate change Regional modeling Surface mass balance |
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Abstract |
We review recent literature on atmospheric, surface ocean and sea-ice observations and modeling results in the Antarctic sector and relate the observed climatic trends with the potential changes in the surface mass balance (SMB) of the ice sheet since 1900. Estimates of regional scale SMB distribution and trends remain subject to large uncertainties. Approaches combining and comparing multiple satellite and model-based assessments of ice sheet mass balance aim at reducing these knowledge gaps. During the last decades, significant changes in atmospheric circulation occurred around Antarctica, due to the exceptional positive trend in the Southern Annular Mode and to the climate variability observed in the tropical Pacific at the end of the twentieth century. Even though climate over the East Antarctic Ice-Sheet remained quite stable, a warming and precipitation increase was observed over the West Antarctic Ice-Sheet and over the West Antarctic Peninsula (AP) during the twentieth century. However, the high regional climate variability overwhelms climate changes associated to human drivers of global temperature changes, as reflected by a slight recent decadal cooling trend over the AP. Climate models still fail to accurately reproduce the multi-decadal SMB trends at a regional scale, and progress has to be achieved in reproducing atmospheric circulation changes related to complex ocean/ice/atmosphere interactions. Complex processes are also still insufficiently considered, such as (1) specific polar atmospheric processes (clouds, drifting snow, and stable boundary layer physics), (2) surface firn physics involved in the surface drag variations, or in firn air depletion and albedo feedbacks. Finally, progress in reducing the uncertainties relative to projections of the future SMB of Antarctica will largely depend on climate model capability to correctly consider teleconnections with low and mid-latitudes, and on the ability to correct them for biases, taking into account the coupling between ocean, ice, and atmosphere in high southern latitudes. |
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Programme |
1169 |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2198-6061 |
ISBN |
2198-6061 |
Medium |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7094 |
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Author |
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Title |
Review of the accomplishments of mid-latitude Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) HF radars |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Progress in Earth and Planetary Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
27 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) is a network of high-frequency (HF) radars located in the high- and mid-latitude regions of both hemispheres that is operated under international cooperation. The network was originally designed for monitoring the dynamics of the ionosphere and upper atmosphere in the high-latitude regions. However, over the last approximately 15?years, SuperDARN has expanded into the mid-latitude regions. With radar coverage that now extends continuously from auroral to sub-auroral and mid-latitudes, a wide variety of new scientific findings have been obtained. In this paper, the background of mid-latitude SuperDARN is presented at first. Then, the accomplishments made with mid-latitude SuperDARN radars are reviewed in five specified scientific and technical areas: convection, ionospheric irregularities, HF propagation analysis, ion-neutral interactions, and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves. Finally, the present status of mid-latitude SuperDARN is updated and directions for future research are discussed. |
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Programme |
312 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2197-4284 |
ISBN |
2197-4284 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7505 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
A. Marchaudon, P.-L. Blelly, M. Grandin, A. Aikio, A. Kozlovsky, I. Virtanen |
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Title |
IPIM Modeling of the Ionospheric F2 Layer Depletion at High Latitudes During a High-Speed Stream Event |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
123 |
Issue |
8 |
Pages |
7051-7066 |
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Keywords |
EISCAT high-speed stream ionosondes SuperDARN |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
312 |
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Address |
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Place of Publication |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2169-9402 |
ISBN |
2169-9402 |
Medium |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7362 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
G. Hubert, M. T. Pazianotto, C. A. Federico, P. Ricaud |
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Title |
Analysis of the Forbush Decreases and Ground-Level Enhancement on September 2017 Using Neutron Spectrometers Operated in Antarctic and Midlatitude Stations |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
124 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
661-673 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
This work investigates solar events occurred in September 2017 characterized by a series of Forbush decreases and a ground level enhancement (GLE). Forbush decreases is a rapid decrease in the observed https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galacticcosmicray intensity following a coronal mass ejection while GLE is induced by a strong solar event for which the flux of high-energy solar particles is sufficient to enhance the radiation level on the ground. These investigations were performed using data recorded by a neutron spectrometer network composed of a Bonner sphere system. Two instruments located at Pic-du-Midi Observatory (+2,885 m above sea level) and at Concordia station (Antarctica, +3,233 m) record simultaneously and continuously the neutron spectra, allowing to consider short-term variations during solar events. The main objective is to analyze neutron spectral properties including their energy distributions and dynamics. This paper presents cosmic ray-induced neutron spectra during active solar event leading to changes in the local cosmic ray spectrum (Forbush decreases and a GLE). Concerning the GLE, analyses show that neutrons in the evaporation domain are particularly amplified during the GLE, while other energetic domains increase uniformly. |
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Programme |
910,1112 |
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Address |
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Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
2169-9402 |
ISBN |
2169-9402 |
Medium |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7556 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
