| Records |
| Author |
Elodie C. M. Camprasse, Yves Cherel, Paco Bustamante, John P. Y. Arnould, Charles-André Bost |
| Title |
Intra- and inter-individual variation in the foraging ecology of a generalist subantarctic seabird, the gentoo penguin |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Marine ecology progress series |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
578 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
227-242 |
| Keywords |
Behavioural consistency Diving behaviour Feeding ecology Foraging behaviour Individual specialisations Pygoscelis papua Stable isotopes |
| Abstract |
Individual specialisations have been suggested to improve foraging efficiency by optimising individual capacity (physiological and behavioural) and reducing intra-specific competition in exploiting prey resources. In this study, we investigated the inter- and intra-individual variation in behaviour in an opportunistic forager, the gentoo penguin Pygoscelis papua, at Kerguelen Island, southern Indian Ocean. We used complementary bio-logging and stable isotope analyses, coupled with morphometric measurements, to: (1) determine the inter-individual variation in morphology and foraging behaviour; (2) quantify intra-individual variation in foraging behaviour; (3) investigate the links between consistency in foraging, distances travelled and body condition; and (4) determine if dietary specialisations exist and are maintained outside the breeding season. We show that this species exhibits a large inter-individual variation in foraging behaviour, with some individuals conducting very short trips close to the colony while others travelled considerably farther. Heavier individuals tended to forage in more distant locations, dive deeper and perform more benthic dives. Individual specialisation in behaviour was low to moderate at the population level, yet some individuals were very consistent. The rate of travel was not influenced by consistency, and there was a lack of correlation between body condition and foraging consistency. High inter-individual variation in feeding ecology and dietary specialisations outside of a single breeding season were observed, consistent with gentoo penguins being Type ‘B’ generalists (i.e. generalist populations composed of individuals each consuming a different range of foods). |
| Programme |
394 |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
ISBN  |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
6584 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
Yves Cherel, José C. Xavier, Sophie de Grissac, Colette Trouvé, Henri Weimerskirch |
| Title |
Feeding ecology, isotopic niche, and ingestion of fishery-related items of the wandering albatross Diomedea exulans at Kerguelen and Crozet Islands |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
565 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
197-215 |
| Keywords |
Cephalopod Diet Hook Satellite tracking Seabird Southern Ocean Stable isotopes |
| Abstract |
Feeding ecology and isotopic niche of the wandering albatross Diomedea exulans were investigated in the poorly studied population on the Kerguelen Islands and compared to that on the Crozet Islands. Fish (48% by mass) and cephalopods (46%) were similarly important in chick food at Kerguelen, while cephalopods (87%) dominated the diet at Crozet. Fish prey included mainly deep-sea species, with the Patagonian toothfish Dissostichus eleginoides being the main item. Cephalopod beaks were identified, most of which were from adult oceanic squids. Albatrosses preyed upon the same taxa at both localities, but in different proportions. Histioteuthis atlantica (30% by number), Galiteuthis glacialis (13%), and Kondakovia longimana (10%) were the main squid prey at Kerguelen, while K. longimana (35%) and H. eltaninae (23%) dominated at Crozet. Chick feather δ15N values were higher in wandering albatrosses than in other oceanic seabirds of the 2 communities, indicating that the wandering albatross is an apex consumer together with the sperm whale and sleeper shark that have similar δ15N values. Satellite-tracked wandering albatrosses foraged in local subantarctic waters and farther north, with some Crozet birds overlapping with those from the Kerguelen population in western Kerguelen waters. Anthropogenic items (e.g. plastic fragments, hooks) were found in half the food samples. All fishery-related items were from the local toothfish fishery. The high number of hooks from Crozet indicated the presence of a fairly large number of illegal longliners in the area during the Austral winter 1998. A review of the feeding habits of Diomedea spp. highlights the need for more dietary investigations to achieve effective conservation and management of this endangered group of charismatic seabirds. |
| Programme |
109 |
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Place of Publication |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
ISBN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
6635 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Jade Vacquié-Garcia, Christophe Guinet, Anne-Cécile Dragon, Morgane Viviant, Nory El Ksabi, Frédéric Bailleul |
| Title |
Predicting prey capture rates of southern elephant seals from track and dive parameters |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
541 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
265-277 |
| Keywords |
Biologging Dive parameters Foraging Marine predator Prey capture events Southern elephant seals Track parameters |
| Abstract |
In the marine environment, track and dive parameter data (obtained using Argos or GPS tags and time–depth recorders) are commonly used to provide proxies for foraging behaviour of marine predators. However, their accuracy is rarely assessed. Recently, the addition of head-mounted accelerometers has allowed for detection of prey capture attempts (PCAs) at sea, allowing for more accurate estimations of foraging behaviour. Despite increased numbers of such devices being deployed, their use is still marginal compared with other tools which measure track and dive parameters. The objectives of our study were (1) to identify the most relevant combination of tracking and diving metrics in predicting the frequency of PCAs in female southern elephant seals Mirounga leonina from the Kerguelen Islands, and (2) to apply it to a broader range of individuals for which only tracking and diving data were available. The results of our models were consistent with the optimal foraging theory as well as the optimal diving theory. The model with the best predictive performance was the one that combined both tracking and diving information. However, most of the variability in the number of PCAs could be solely explained by changes in the diving behaviour of seals. Finally, we used the best predictive model on 20 individuals, which had not been fitted with accelerometers, to determine their main foraging zones. The behavioural indicators established in this study constitute a useful ecological tool for population monitoring and conservation purposes. |
| Programme |
109 |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
ISBN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
6665 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Maria I. Bogdanova, Adam Butler, Sarah Wanless, Børge Moe, Tycho Anker-Nilssen, Morten Frederiksen, Thierry Boulinier, Lorraine S. Chivers, Signe Christensen-Dalsgaard, Sébastien Descamps, Michael P. Harris, Mark Newell, Bergur Olsen, Richard A. Phillips, Deryk Shaw, Harald Steen, Hallvard Strøm, Thorkell L. Thórarinsson, Francis Daunt |
| Title |
Multi-colony tracking reveals spatio-temporal variation in carry-over effects between breeding success and winter movements in a pelagic seabird |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
578 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
167-181 |
| Keywords |
Black-legged kittiwake Geolocation Life-history strategies Migration North Atlantic Reproduction Rissa tridactyla Seasonal interactions |
| Abstract |
Carry-over effects, whereby events in one season have consequences in subsequent seasons, have important demographic implications. Although most studies examine carry-over effects across 2 seasons in single populations, the effects may persist beyond the following season and vary across a species’ range. To assess potential carry-over effects across the annual cycle and among populations, we deployed geolocation loggers on black-legged kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla at 10 colonies in the north-east Atlantic and examined relationships between the timing and destination of migratory movements and breeding success in the year of deployment and subsequent season. Both successful and unsuccessful breeders wintered primarily in the north-west Atlantic. Breeding success affected the timing of migration, whereby unsuccessful breeders departed the colony earlier, arrived at the post-breeding and main wintering areas sooner, and departed later the following spring. However, these patterns were only apparent in colonies in the south-west of the study region. Furthermore, the effect of breeding success was stronger on migration timing in the first part of the winter than later. Timing of migratory movements was weakly linked to subsequent breeding success, and there was no detectable association between breeding success in the 2 seasons. Our results indicate temporal structure and spatial heterogeneity in the strength of seasonal interactions among kittiwakes breeding in the north-east Atlantic. Variable fitness consequences for individuals from different colonies could have important implications for population processes across the species’ range and suggest that the spatio-temporal dynamics of carry-over effects warrant further study. |
| Programme |
333 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
ISBN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
6941 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
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| |
| Author |
Charlène Guillaumot, Alexis Martin, Marc Eléaume, Thomas Saucède |
| Title |
Methods for improving species distribution models in data-poor areas: example of sub-Antarctic benthic species on the Kerguelen Plateau |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
594 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
149-164 |
| Keywords |
Historical datasets Kerguelen Plateau Model performance Presence-only data Species distribution modeling |
| Abstract |
Species distribution models (SDMs) are essential tools to aid conservation biologists in evaluating the combined effects of environmental change and human activities on natural habitats and for the development of relevant conservation plans. However, modeling species distributions over vast and remote regions is often challenging due to poor and heterogeneous data sets, and this raises questions regarding the relevance of the modeling procedures. In recent years, there have been many methodological developments in SDM procedures using virtual species and broad data sets, but few solutions have been proposed to deal with poor or heterogeneous data. In the present work, we address this methodological challenge by studying the performance of different modeling procedures based on 4 real species, using presence-only data compiled from various oceanographic surveys on the Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Ocean). We followed a practical protocol to test for the reliability and performance of the models and to correct for limited and aggregated data, as well as accounting for spatial and temporal sampling biases. Our results show that producing reliable SDMs is feasible as long as the amount and quality of available data allow testing and correcting for these biases. However, we found that SDMs could be corrected for spatial and temporal heterogeneities in only 1 of the 4 species we examined, highlighting the need to consider all potential biases when modeling species distributions. Finally, we show that model reliability and performance also depend on the interaction between the incompleteness of the data and species niches, with the distribution of narrow-niche species being less sensitive to data gaps than species occupying wider niches. |
| Programme |
1044 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
ISBN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
Medium |
|
| Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
7106 |
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
| Author |
Yves Cherel, José C. Xavier, Sophie de Grissac, Colette Trouvé, Henri Weimerskirch |
| Title |
Feeding ecology, isotopic niche, and ingestion of fishery-related items of the wandering albatross Diomedea exulans at Kerguelen and Crozet Islands |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
565 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
197-215 |
| Keywords |
Cephalopod Diet Hook Satellite tracking Seabird Southern Ocean Stable isotopes |
| Abstract |
Feeding ecology and isotopic niche of the wandering albatross Diomedea exulans were investigated in the poorly studied population on the Kerguelen Islands and compared to that on the Crozet Islands. Fish (48% by mass) and cephalopods (46%) were similarly important in chick food at Kerguelen, while cephalopods (87%) dominated the diet at Crozet. Fish prey included mainly deep-sea species, with the Patagonian toothfish Dissostichus eleginoides being the main item. Cephalopod beaks were identified, most of which were from adult oceanic squids. Albatrosses preyed upon the same taxa at both localities, but in different proportions. Histioteuthis atlantica (30% by number), Galiteuthis glacialis (13%), and Kondakovia longimana (10%) were the main squid prey at Kerguelen, while K. longimana (35%) and H. eltaninae (23%) dominated at Crozet. Chick feather δ15N values were higher in wandering albatrosses than in other oceanic seabirds of the 2 communities, indicating that the wandering albatross is an apex consumer together with the sperm whale and sleeper shark that have similar δ15N values. Satellite-tracked wandering albatrosses foraged in local subantarctic waters and farther north, with some Crozet birds overlapping with those from the Kerguelen population in western Kerguelen waters. Anthropogenic items (e.g. plastic fragments, hooks) were found in half the food samples. All fishery-related items were from the local toothfish fishery. The high number of hooks from Crozet indicated the presence of a fairly large number of illegal longliners in the area during the Austral winter 1998. A review of the feeding habits of Diomedea spp. highlights the need for more dietary investigations to achieve effective conservation and management of this endangered group of charismatic seabirds. |
| Programme |
109 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
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| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
ISBN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
7153 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
Joffrey Jouma'a, Yves Le Bras, Baptiste Picard, Christophe Guinet |
| Title |
Three-dimensional assessment of hunting strategies in a deep diving predator, southern elephant seal Mirounga leonina |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
573 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
255-268 |
| Keywords |
Accelerometer Acousonde Area restricted search Data mining Foraging Machine learning Spherical first passage time Unsupervised classification |
| Abstract |
Few studies have examined the foraging ecology of top marine predators by taking into account the vertical and horizontal dimensions simultaneously. In this study, using 3-dimensional reconstruction of underwater animal paths, we investigated the relationship between area restricted search (ARS) and foraging behaviors in the southern elephant seal Mirounga leonina. We equipped 6 post-breeding females on the Kerguelen Islands with an Acousonde™ recording simultaneously sounds, pressure, acceleration and magnetic field-strength in 3-dimensions (n = 879 dives). Using the spherical first passage time analysis, we identified ARS in 46.4% of the dives. They represented 36.9% of the bottom time, but due to a higher prey encounter rate, 67.6% of catch attempts took place in ARS. These areas, occurring within a sphere of 48.2 ± 25.7 m radius, were characterized by an increase in energy expenditure and a strong variability in the roll and heading compared to non-ARS regions. While within an ARS, we identified 3 hunting modes from unsupervised classification based on acceleration properties previous to captures. We found that 32.8% of attempts matched a passive-gliding approach from above the target. The other 2 modes corresponded to an actively swimming approach associated with increases of variance in heading and/or rolling movements for the first one (56.6% of captures), and to a much larger swimming effort for the second one (10.6% of captures). These data revealed a strong link between seals’ fine-scale movements and feeding activity, suggesting that seals fed mainly on patchily distributed resources, with different hunting strategies that may be indicative of several prey species targeted. |
| Programme |
109 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
ISBN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
7166 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| |
| Author |
P. E. Michael, R. Thomson, C. Barbraud, K. Delord, S. De Grissac, A. J. Hobday, P. G. Strutton, G. N. Tuck, H. Weimerskirch, C. Wilcox |
| Title |
Illegal fishing bycatch overshadows climate as a driver of albatross population decline |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
579 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
185-199 |
| Keywords |
and unregulated (IUU) fishing Black-browed albatross Demographics Illegal Integrated population model Kerguelen Island Thalassarche melanophris unreported |
| Abstract |
Effective management of albatross populations requires understanding the impacts of environmental factors on albatross demographics. An integrated modelling approach incorporating multiple data sources can further the understanding of albatross demographics by incorporating error from all components of modeling, and help distinguish between variability related to one factor (e.g. environment) from that of another factor (e.g. density dependence). We applied such an integrated, spatially-explicit population model to quantify the impact of environmental conditions (sea surface temperature, SST), fisheries, and density dependence on a black-browed albatross Thalassarche melanophris population breeding on Kerguelen Island, southern Indian Ocean for the period 1950 to 2011. The model was structured by sex, age-class, and breeding stage, with a 5° × 5° spatial scale and monthly temporal scale. All parameters were estimated within a maximum likelihood framework. This includes estimation of seabird bycatch rates of each of 5 fishing super-fleets, grouped by gear type and reported bycatch rates: (1) Japanese pelagic longline, (2) other pelagic longline, (3) legal demersal longline, (4) trawl, and (5) illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) demersal longline. A decline in the Kerguelen black-browed albatross population occurred between the mid-1990s through the mid-2000s. Our analysis attributes the majority of modelled bycatch to the IUU demersal longline super-fleet operating near Kerguelen Island for this period. Including SST during the incubation period indicated that warm SST favors high breeding success. These results indicate that effective management requires an integrated understanding of the impacts of the environment as well as illegal and legal fishing activities on vulnerable populations. |
| Programme |
109 |
| Campaign |
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Place of Publication |
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| Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
ISBN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
7171 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Malcolm O'Toole, Christophe Guinet, Mary-Anne Lea, Mark A. Hindell |
| Title |
Marine predators and phytoplankton: how elephant seals use the recurrent Kerguelen plume |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
581 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
215-227 |
| Keywords |
Dive behaviour Foraging strategy Kerguelen phytoplankton plume Mirounga leonina Prey access Prey encounter events |
| Abstract |
Predators feeding in a highly dynamic environment have evolved strategies to respond to patchy resource distribution. However, studying these ecological interactions is challenging in the marine environment, as both predators and elements in their environment are often highly mobile and difficult to monitor. We used sensors deployed on female southern elephant seals Mirounga leonina to collect data as they foraged hundreds of metres below a large recurrent phytoplankton plume east of the Kerguelen Islands (49°15’S, 69°10’E). Data collected by animal-borne light sensors were used to reconstruct phytoplankton patterns encountered by the seals. Prey encounter events (PEEs) recorded by seal-borne accelerometers below the euphotic zone were compared with phytoplankton estimates at 2 scales: mesoscale (10s to 100s km) and small scale (inter-dive). These analyses were performed on data recorded during daylight hours only, and did not include data at night due to the sensitivity threshold of the light sensors. Our results showed that elephant seals moved through alternating patches of high- and low-density phytoplankton, but the timing and locations of these bloom patches were different between the upper and lower euphotic layers. Seals recorded more PEEs and shallower dives below high-density patches of phytoplankton. We propose that phytoplankton density at the mesoscale facilitates prey aggregation (direct effect). However, phytoplankton density between dives (small scale) likely facilitates vertical access to prey via the shading effect of phytoplankton (indirect effect). Our study shows how a deep-diving marine predator may use its environment to maximise net energy intake, and we demonstrate its resilience in a highly dynamic ecosystem. |
| Programme |
109,1201 |
| Campaign |
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| Address |
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| Corporate Author |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
| Publisher |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Summary Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
ISBN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
|
Serial |
7173 |
| Permanent link to this record |
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| Author |
Lisa A. Sztukowski, Peter A. Cotton, Henri Weimerskirch, David R. Thompson, Leigh G. Torres, Paul M. Sagar, Antony M. Knights, Annette L. Fayet, Stephen C. Votier |
| Title |
Sex differences in individual foraging site fidelity of Campbell albatross |
Type |
Journal |
| Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
| Volume |
601 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
227-238 |
| Keywords |
Foraging effort GPS tracking Repeatability Route fidelity Sex effects |
| Abstract |
Inter-individual variation in behavioural traits has important implications for evolutionary and ecological processes. Site fidelity, where individuals consistently use the same foraging site, is common among marine predators. Sex differences in foraging are also well studied in marine vertebrates, but the extent to which consistent inter-individual differences in foraging vary between the sexes is poorly known. Here we quantified the effects of sex on individual foraging site fidelity (IFSF), both within and between years, in chick-brooding Campbell albatross Thalassarche impavida. Using bird-borne global positioning system loggers, we calculated route fidelity (nearest-neighbour distance), repeatability of site fidelity (terminal latitude and longitude), and foraging effort (total distance travelled and trip duration) during 2 to 10 repeat trips. Overall, Campbell albatrosses showed a high degree of site fidelity. Birds travelled to similar sites not only within the same year, but also between 2 consecutive years, suggesting that the within-year consistency is not simply in response to short-term patches of food. Moreover, within the same year, we found differences in terms of IFSF between the sexes. Females that foraged closer to the colony in neritic and shelf waters were more likely to follow similar routes on repeated foraging trips and were more consistent in their foraging effort than males. Males that foraged further offshore in pelagic waters had more repeatable foraging longitudes than females. Our study provides further evidence of the importance of IFSF among marine vertebrates. However, it also reveals that the strength of such specialisations may vary with sex. |
| Programme |
109 |
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Place of Publication |
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Editor |
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| Language |
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Original Title |
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| Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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| Series Volume |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
ISBN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
Medium |
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| Area |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
7188 |
| Permanent link to this record |
