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. (2023). Combined threats of climate change and contaminant exposure through the lens of bioenergetics (Vol. 29).
Abstract: Organisms face energetic challenges of climate change in combination with suites of natural and anthropogenic stressors. In particular, chemical contaminant exposure has neurotoxic, endocrine-disrupting, and behavioral effects which may additively or interactively combine with challenges associated with climate change. We used a literature review across animal taxa and contaminant classes, but focused on Arctic endotherms and contaminants important in Arctic ecosystems, to demonstrate potential for interactive effects across five bioenergetic domains: (1) energy supply, (2) energy demand, (3) energy storage, (4) energy allocation tradeoffs, and (5) energy management strategies; and involving four climate change-sensitive environmental stressors: changes in resource availability, temperature, predation risk, and parasitism. Identified examples included relatively equal numbers of synergistic and antagonistic interactions. Synergies are often suggested to be particularly problematic, since they magnify biological effects. However, we emphasize that antagonistic effects on bioenergetic traits can be equally problematic, since they can reflect dampening of beneficial responses and result in negative synergistic effects on fitness. Our review also highlights that empirical demonstrations remain limited, especially in endotherms. Elucidating the nature of climate change-by-contaminant interactive effects on bioenergetic traits will build toward determining overall outcomes for energy balance and fitness. Progressing to determine critical species, life stages, and target areas in which transformative effects arise will aid in forecasting broad-scale bioenergetic outcomes under global change scenarios.
Keywords: bioenergetics chemical contaminants climate change energy balance interactive effects physiological acclimatization plasticity temperature
Programme: 388
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. (2017). Contrasting effects of climate and population density over time and life stages in a long-lived seabird (Vol. 31).
Keywords: Diomedea exulans early-life vital rate juvenile survival long-term effect recruitment age
Programme: 109
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Tiphaine Jeanniard?du?Dot, Christophe Guinet, John P. Y. Arnould, John R. Speakman, Andrew W. Trites. (2017). Accelerometers can measure total and activity-specific energy expenditures in free-ranging marine mammals only if linked to time-activity budgets (Vol. 31).
Keywords: acceleration Antarctic fur seal energy expenditure foraging metabolic rate northern fur seal time-activity budget VeDBA
Programme: 109
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. (2018). Linking oceanographic conditions, migratory schedules and foraging behaviour during the non-breeding season to reproductive performance in a long-lived seabird (Vol. 32).
Abstract: Studies of the mechanisms underlying climate-induced population changes are critically needed to better understand and accurately predict population responses to climate change. Long-lived migratory species might be particularly vulnerable to climate change as they are constrained by different climate conditions and energetic requirements during the breeding and non-breeding seasons. Yet, most studies primarily focus on the breeding season of these species life cycle. Environmental conditions experienced in the non-breeding season may have downstream effects on the other stages of the annual life cycle. Not investigating such effects may potentially lead to erroneous inferences about population dynamics. Combining demographic and tracking data collected between 2006 and 2013 at Kerguelen Island on a long-lived migratory seabird, the Black-Browed Albatross (Thalassarche melanophris), we investigated the links between sea surface temperature during the non-breeding season and behavioural and phenological traits (at-sea behaviour and migratory schedules) while accounting for different responses between birds of different sex and reproductive status (previously failed or successful breeders). We then explored whether variation in the foraging behaviour and timing of spring migration influenced subsequent reproductive performance. Our results showed that foraging activity and migratory schedules varied by both sex and reproductive status suggesting different energetic requirements and constraints among individuals. Higher sea surface temperatures during late winter, assumed to reflect poor winter conditions, were associated with an earlier departure from the wintering grounds and an extended pre-breeding period. However, an earlier spring migration and an earlier return to Kerguelen grounds were associated with a lower breeding success. Our results highlighted that behaviour during some periods of the non-breeding season, particularly towards the end of the wintering period and the pre-breeding period, had a significant effect on the subsequent reproductive success. Therefore, caution needs to be given to all stages of the annual cycle when predicting the influence of climate on population dynamics. A plain language summary is available for this article.
Keywords: carry-over effect migration phenology protandry reproductive performance sea surface temperature sex Thalassarche melanophris
Programme: 109
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. (2018). Energetic fitness: Field metabolic rates assessed via 3D accelerometry complement conventional fitness metrics (Vol. 32).
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. (2019). Is telomere length a molecular marker of individual quality? Insights from a long-lived bird (Vol. 33).
Keywords: albatrosses body size corticosterone foraging individual quality telomere
Programme: 109
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. (2016). Evaluation of the inter-annual variability of stratospheric chemical composition in chemistry-climate models using ground-based multi species time series (Vol. 145).
Keywords: Chemistry climate model NDACC observation Stratosphere Variability
Programme: 209
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Abadi Fitsum, Barbraud Christophe, Gimenez Olivier. (2017). Integrated population modeling reveals the impact of climate on the survival of juvenile emperor penguins (Vol. 23).
Keywords: Bayesian climate change emperor penguins integrated population model sea ice concentration southern annular mode survival
Programme: 109
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. (2016). Antarctic winter mercury and ozone depletion events over sea ice (Vol. 129).
Abstract: During atmospheric mercury and ozone depletion events in the springtime in polar regions gaseous elemental mercury and ozone undergo rapid declines. Mercury is quickly transformed into oxidation products, which are subsequently removed by deposition. Here we show that such events also occur during Antarctic winter over sea ice areas, leading to additional deposition of mercury. Over four months in the Weddell Sea we measured gaseous elemental, oxidized, and particulate-bound mercury, as well as ozone in the troposphere and total and elemental mercury concentrations in snow, demonstrating a series of depletion and deposition events between July and September. The winter depletions in July were characterized by stronger correlations between mercury and ozone and larger formation of particulate-bound mercury in air compared to later spring events. It appears that light at large solar zenith angles is sufficient to initiate the photolytic formation of halogen radicals. We also propose a dark mechanism that could explain observed events in air masses coming from dark regions. Br2 that could be the main actor in dark conditions was possibly formed in high concentrations in the marine boundary layer in the dark. These high concentrations may also have caused the formation of high concentrations of CHBr3 and CH2I2 in the top layers of the Antarctic sea ice observed during winter. These new findings show that the extent of depletion events is larger than previously believed and that winter depletions result in additional deposition of mercury that could be transferred to marine and terrestrial ecosystems.
Keywords: Antarctica Depletion event Mercury Ozone Sea ice
Programme: 1028
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. (2016). (Vol. 630).
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