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Title |
Odour of King Penguin feathers analysed using direct thermal desorption discriminates between individuals but not sexes |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Ibis |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
160 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
379-389 |
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Keywords |
Aptenodytes patagonicus individual variability plumage volatile organic compounds |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
354 |
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ISSN |
1474-919X |
ISBN  |
1474-919X |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7098 |
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Title |
Sex identification in King Penguins Aptenodytes patagonicus through morphological and acoustic cues |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Ibis |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
160 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
755-768 |
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Keywords |
morphology penguins seabird sexing methods sexual selection vocal sex recognition |
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Abstract |
In the context of sexual selection, animals have developed a variety of cues conveying information about the sex of an individual to conspecifics. In many colonial seabird species, where females and males are monomorphic and do not show obvious differences in external morphology, acoustic cues are an important signal for individual and sex recognition. Here, we study the vocal and morphological sex dimorphism in the King Penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus, a colonial, monomorphic seabird for which our knowledge about the role of vocalizations and morphology in mate choice is very limited. Data were collected at Possession Island, Crozet Archipelago, in a breeding colony consisting of about 16 000 breeding pairs. Using measurements of six morphological features and analysing acoustic parameters of call recordings of adult individuals, we show that King Penguins can be sexed based on a single morphological measurement of the beak with an accuracy of 79%. We found a sex-specific syntax in adult King Penguin calls that provided a 100% accurate method to distinguish between the sexes in our study population. To confirm the method at the species level, we analysed calls recorded from King Penguin adults in Kerguelen Island, 1300 km away from our study population and found the same accuracy of the sex-specific syntax. This sex-specific syllable arrangement is rare in non-passerines and is a first step in understanding the mate choice process in this species. Furthermore, it offers a cost-effective, non-invasive technique for researchers to sex King Penguins in the field. |
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137,354 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
1474-919X |
ISBN |
1474-919X |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7100 |
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Title |
Abundance and species diversity hotspots of tracked marine predators across the North American Arctic |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Diversity and distributions |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
25 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
328-345 |
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Keywords |
animal movement biologging climate change conservation fishes marine mammals protected areas seabirds |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
388 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1472-4642 |
ISBN |
1472-4642 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7457 |
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Title |
100 million years of multigene family evolution: origin and evolution of the avian MHC class IIB |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Bmc genomics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
18 |
Issue |
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Pages |
460 |
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Keywords |
Birds Birth-death evolution Concerted evolution Gene conversion Gene duplication Major histocompatibility complex Recombination |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
333,354 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
1471-2164 |
ISBN |
1471-2164 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6577 |
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Title |
100 million years of multigene family evolution: origin and evolution of the avian MHC class IIB |
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Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
BMC Genomics |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
18 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
460 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
333 |
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Series Editor |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1471-2164 |
ISBN |
1471-2164 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7417 |
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Author |
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Title |
Understanding processes at the origin of species flocks with a focus on the marine Antarctic fauna |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Biological Reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
93 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
481-504 |
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Keywords |
adaptive radiation competition diversification ecological niche endemicity extinction life?history trait phylogeny |
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Abstract |
Species flocks (SFs) fascinate evolutionary biologists who wonder whether such striking diversification can be driven by normal evolutionary processes. Multiple definitions of SFs have hindered the study of their origins. Previous studies identified a monophyletic taxon as a SF if it displays high speciosity in an area in which it is endemic (criterion 1), high ecological diversity among species (criterion 2), and if it dominates the habitat in terms of biomass (criterion 3); we used these criteria in our analyses. Our starting hypothesis is that normal evolutionary processes may provide a sufficient explanation for most SFs. We thus clearly separate each criterion and identify which biological (intrinsic) and environmental (extrinsic) traits are most favourable to their realization. The first part focuses on evolutionary processes. We highlight that some popular putative causes of SFs, such as key innovations or ecological speciation, are neither necessary nor sufficient to fulfill some or all of the three criteria. Initial differentiation mechanisms are diverse and difficult to identify a posteriori because a primary differentiation of one type (genetic, ecological or geographical) often promotes other types of differentiation. Furthermore, the criteria are not independent: positive feedbacks between speciosity and ecological diversity among species are expected whatever the initial cause of differentiation, and ecological diversity should enhance habitat dominance at the clade level. We then identify intrinsic and extrinsic factors that favour each criterion. Low dispersal emerges as a convincing driver of speciosity. Except for a genomic architecture favouring ecological speciation, for which assessment is difficult, high effective population sizes are the single intrinsic factor that directly enhances speciosity, ecological diversity and habitat dominance. No extrinsic factor appeared to enhance all criteria simultaneously but a combination of factors (insularity, fragmentation and environmental stability) may favour the three criteria, although the effect is indirect for habitat dominance. We then apply this analytical framework to Antarctic marine environments by analysing data from 18 speciose clades belonging to echinoderms (five unrelated clades), notothenioid fishes (five clades) and peracarid crustaceans (eight clades). Antarctic shelf environments and history appear favourable to endemicity and speciosity, but not to ecological specialization. Two main patterns are distinguished among taxa. (i) In echinoderms, many brooding, species?rich and endemic clades are reported, but without remarkable ecological diversity or habitat dominance. In these taxa, loss of the larval stage is probably a consequence of past Antarctic environmental factors, and brooding is suggested to be responsible for enhanced allopatric speciation (via dispersal limitation). (ii) In notothenioids and peracarids, many clades fulfill all three SF criteria. This could result from unusual features in fish and crustaceans: chromosome instability and key innovations (antifreeze proteins) in notothenioids, ecological opportunity in peracarids, and a genomic architecture favouring ecological speciation in both groups. Therefore, the data do not support our starting point that normal evolutionary factors or processes drive SFs because in these two groups uncommon intrinsic features or ecological opportunity provide the best explanation. The utility of the three?criterion SF concept is therefore questioned and guidelines are given for future studies. |
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Programme |
1044 |
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ISSN |
1464-7931 |
ISBN |
1464-7931 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6688 |
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Author |
William J. Pringle, Damrongsak Wirasaet, Andika Suhardjo, Jessica Meixner, Joannes J. Westerink, Andrew B. Kennedy, Shangyao Nong |
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Title |
Finite-Element barotropic model for the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans: Tidal model-data comparisons and sensitivities |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Ocean modelling |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
129 |
Issue |
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Pages |
13-38 |
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Keywords |
Barotropic tides Bathymetry Bottom friction Finite-element Internal tide energy conversion Unstructured grid |
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Abstract |
In this study, a 9.6 million node large-scale unstructured grid finite-element forward barotropic model is developed and applied to understand the tidal dynamics and dissipation mechanisms of the Indian and western Pacific Oceans down to sub-kilometer scale at the coast. Tidal model-data comparisons are presented to assess the capabilities and limitations of our large-scale barotropic model. The average root-mean-square (RMS) discrepancies of tidal elevations at coastal tide gauges is 14 cm, which is ???3 cm smaller than those of a state-of-the-art global data assimilated barotropic tidal model. Sensitivities to lateral boundary conditions, bathymetry, and dissipative processes are explored to guide future endeavors related to large-scale barotropic modeling in the region and other regions throughout the world. Lateral boundary conditions are found to induce adverse resonant effects on the lunar semi-diurnal modes when poorly placed elevation specified boundary conditions are used. This problem is largely resolved by using an absorption-generation layer at the boundary. Parameterization of internal tide energy conversion is identified as the most important aspect to control deep water solutions, and help reduce the RMS discrepancies of the entire system. Two forms of this parameterization are presented and their spatial distributions of dissipation are compared. Bathymetry has a negligible effect on the tidal solutions in deep water, but local high resolution bathymetry results in significant reductions to the average RMS discrepancies on the continental shelf (26%) and at the coast (30%). Implementing a spatially varying bottom friction coefficient based on sediment types decreases the average RMS discrepancy at the coast by 9% predominantly due to its positive effects in the Yellow Sea. The model is shown to capture a large amount of the tidal physics and has the potential for application to a range of barotropic problems such as wind-driven surge and tidal processes. |
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Programme |
688 |
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ISSN |
1463-5003 |
ISBN |
1463-5003 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7448 |
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Title |
Antarctic environmental protection: Strengthening the links between science and governance |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Environmental Science & Policy |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
83 |
Issue |
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Pages |
86-95 |
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Keywords |
Antarctic Treaty area Communication Conservation Environment Human impact Legislation Policy Science |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
136 |
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ISSN |
1462-9011 |
ISBN |
1462-9011 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7033 |
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Title |
Post-breeding migration of four Long-tailed Skuas (Stercorarius longicaudus) from North and East Greenland to West Africa |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Journal of Ornithology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
152 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
375-381 |
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Keywords |
Greenland Long-tailed Skua Post-breeding migration Rates of travel Satellite tracking Staging area Upwelling |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
1036 |
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ISSN |
1439-0361 |
ISBN |
1439-0361 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7269 |
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Author |
Bastien S. Lemaire, Vincent A. Viblanc, Christelle Jozet?Alves |
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Title |
Sex-specific lateralization during aggressive interactions in breeding king penguins |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
125 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
439-449 |
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Keywords |
aggressiveness courtship frontal visual hemifield king penguins lateral visual hemifield sex-dependent lateralization visual lateralization |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
119 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1439-0310 |
ISBN |
1439-0310 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7575 |
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