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Title |
Evaluation of candidate models for the 13th generation International Geomagnetic Reference Field |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Earth, Planets and Space |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
73 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
48 |
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Keywords |
Geomagnetism IGRF Magnetic field modeling |
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Programme |
139 |
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ISSN |
1880-5981 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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7937 |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Marine pollution bulletin |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
169 |
Issue |
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Pages |
112559 |
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Keywords |
At-sea survey Frontal system Garbage patch Plastic litter Southern Indian Ocean |
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109 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
0025-326X |
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yes |
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7939 |
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Title |
Differences in foraging habitat result in contrasting fisheries interactions in two albatross populations |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Marine Ecology Progress Series |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
663 |
Issue |
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Pages |
197-208 |
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Keywords |
Boat attraction Crozet Diomedea exulans Fisheries Fisheries discards Kerguelen |
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Abstract |
Albatrosses attend fishing boats to feed on fishing discards but are often at risk of accidental bycatch. To examine whether populations (same species) and sexes differ in their overlap with fisheries due to differences in habitat use, we combined the use of recently developed loggers equipped with GPS and boat radar detectors with Automatic Identification System (AIS) data. Our study indicates that incubating wandering albatrosses Diomedea exulans from Crozet and Kerguelen foraged in different habitats although the duration of trips was similar. Both female and male Kerguelen birds took advantage of the large and productive surrounding shelf, whereas Crozet birds used the small shelf around the islands to a lesser extent. In Crozet, there was segregation between males and females, the latter favouring deeper and warmer waters. The 2 strategies of habitat use led to different overlap and attraction to boats, with Kerguelen birds encountering and attending boats for longer and at closer proximity to the colony than Crozet birds. Crozet females encountered boats at greater distances from the colony than males. Because of their different habitat use and foraging outside exclusive economic zones (EEZ) and further from the colony, Crozet birds attended more non-declared boats (without AIS) than Kerguelen birds. Albatrosses were more attracted by fisheries than cargo vessels and were especially attracted by fishing discards that led them to attend vessels for longer periods for both sexes and populations. The differences found between populations and individuals in terms of habitat specialization and encounter rate of fisheries should be considered for future assessments of risk of bycatch. |
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109 |
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ISSN |
0171-8630, 1616-1599 |
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yes |
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Serial |
7940 |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Hormones and Behavior |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
131 |
Issue |
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Pages |
104962 |
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Keywords |
Corticosterone stress response Defensive behavior Offspring stress sensitivity Parental presence |
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Abstract |
In altricial species, parents brood their chicks constantly before leaving them unattended sometimes for extended periods when they become thermally independent. During this second phase, there is sometimes important inter-individual differences in parental attendance and the fitness costs and benefits of parental strategies have previously been extensively investigated. However, the impact of parental presence on offspring behaviors and stress physiology has been overlooked. Here, we examined the influence of parental presence on offspring hormonal and behavioral stress sensitivities in snow petrel chicks. We demonstrated for the first time in a wild bird species that attended chicks had lower stress-induced corticosterone levels and a lower probability to show defensive behavior compared to the alone chicks. This reduced stress sensitivity is certainly explained by the well-known link between corticosterone and nutritional status, and by the recent delivery of meals to the attended chicks and the improvement of their nutritional status. It may also be explained by the parental protection against predators or inclement weather, or/and by the psychosocial comfort of parental presence for the offspring. Overall, these results suggest that the presence of a parent in the nest reduces offspring stress sensitivity in wild birds. Further studies would now be required to disentangle the impact of nutritional status and parental presence on stress sensitivity and to better understand the potential impact of parental presence and circulating corticosterone levels on growth and cognitive development in wild birds. |
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Programme |
109 |
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ISSN |
0018-506X |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7941 |
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Author |
Alain Manceau, Anne-Claire Gaillot, Pieter Glatzel, Yves Cherel, Paco Bustamante |
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Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Environmental Science & Technology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
55 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1515-1526 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
In vivo and in vitro evidence for detoxification of methylmercury (MeHg) as insoluble mercury selenide (HgSe) underlies the central paradigm that mercury exposure is not or little hazardous when tissue Se is in molar excess (Se:Hg > 1). However, this hypothesis overlooks the binding of Hg to selenoproteins, which lowers the amount of bioavailable Se that acts as a detoxification reservoir for MeHg, thereby underestimating the toxicity of mercury. This question was addressed by determining the chemical forms of Hg in various tissues of giant petrels Macronectes spp. using a combination of high energy-resolution X-ray absorption near edge structure and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy coupled to elemental mapping. Three main Hg species were identified, a MeHg-cysteinate complex, a four-coordinate selenocysteinate complex (Hg(Sec)4), and a HgSe precipitate, together with a minor dicysteinate complex Hg(Cys)2. The amount of HgSe decreases in the order liver > kidneys > brain = muscle, and the amount of Hg(Sec)4 in the order muscle > kidneys > brain > liver. On the basis of biochemical considerations and structural modeling, we hypothesize that Hg(Sec)4 is bound to the carboxy-terminus domain of selenoprotein P (SelP) which contains 12 Sec residues. Structural flexibility allows SelP to form multinuclear Hgx(Se,Sec)y complexes, which can be biomineralized to HgSe by protein self-assembly. Because Hg(Sec)4 has a Se:Hg molar ratio of 4:1, this species severely depletes the stock of bioavailable Se for selenoprotein synthesis and activity to one ?g Se/g dry wet in the muscle of several birds. This concentration is still relatively high because selenium is naturally abundant in seawater, therefore it probably does not fall below the metabolic need for essential selenium. However, this study shows that this may not be the case for terrestrial animals, and that muscle may be the first tissue potentially injured by Hg toxicity. |
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Programme |
109 |
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ISSN |
0013-936X |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7942 |
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Title |
Diel at-sea activity of two species of great albatrosses: the ontogeny of foraging and movement behaviour |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of Avian Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
52 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
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Keywords |
albatross diel activity pattern Diomedea flight behavior foraging activity moon illumination night activity seabirds |
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Abstract |
The first year of life is a period of high mortality in animals. Reduced foraging capacities of naive individuals might be the primary cause of their mortality. These capacities are supposed to be progressively acquired during the first months of life. In this study, we investigate the ontogeny of flight capacities, by day and night, of first-year individuals, and compare it with adults from two closely related species of great albatrosses: Amsterdam Diomedea amsterdamensis and wandering Diomedea exulans albatrosses which forage in different environmental conditions. We used 71 tracks of 71 juvenile birds and 141 of 116 incubating adults to compare both age categories. In order to explore the effect of moon light on night activity, we elaborated a new formula which improves the precision of the proxy of moon illumination. By day, we found that juveniles of both species reach some adult foraging capacities in less than two months. By night, albatrosses have reduced activity increasing during the first weeks at sea for juveniles and changing in accordance with moon illumination for both juveniles and adults. A peak of flight activity at dawn and dusk was apparent for both species. Interspecific comparison underlined that Amsterdam albatrosses were more active than wandering albatrosses, suggesting a difference in food and foraging strategy. Overall, we highlighted how life history traits, environmental conditions and time of the day affect the foraging activity of two related species of seabirds. |
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Programme |
109 |
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ISSN |
1600-048X |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7943 |
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Author |
John P. Whiteman, Seth D. Newsome, Paco Bustamante, Yves Cherel, Keith A. Hobson |
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Title |
Quantifying capital versus income breeding: New promise with stable isotope measurements of individual amino acids |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of Animal Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
90 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1408-1418 |
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Keywords |
carbon-13 compound-specific isotope analysis CSIA discrimination fasting fractionation nitrogen-15 |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
109 |
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ISSN |
1365-2656 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7945 |
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Author |
Samara Danel, Jules Chiffard-Carricaburu, Francesco Bonadonna, Anna P. Nesterova |
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Title |
Exclusion in the field: wild brown skuas find hidden food in the absence of visual information |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
24 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
867-876 |
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Programme |
354 |
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ISSN |
1435-9456 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7947 |
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Title |
How king penguins advertise their sexual maturity |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
177 |
Issue |
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Pages |
253-267 |
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Keywords |
animal communication mate choice optimal response index ornamentation penguin sexual maturation vocalization |
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Abstract |
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Programme |
137,354 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
0003-3472 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7949 |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Annales Geophysicae |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
39 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
189-237 |
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312 |
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ISSN |
0992-7689 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7951 |
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