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Author |
Christopher S. Watson, Neil J. White, John A. Church, Matt A. King, Reed J. Burgette, Benoit Legresy |
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Title |
Unabated global mean sea-level rise over the satellite altimeter era |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Nature Climate Change |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
565-568 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The rate of global mean sea-level (GMSL) rise has been suggested to be lower for the past decade compared with the preceding decade as a result of natural variability1, with an average rate of rise since 1993 of +3.2 ± 0.4 mm yr−1 (refs 2, 3). However, satellite-based GMSL estimates do not include an allowance for potential instrumental drifts (bias drift4,5). Here, we report improved bias drift estimates for individual altimeter missions from a refined estimation approach that incorporates new Global Positioning System (GPS) estimates of vertical land movement (VLM). In contrast to previous results (for example, refs 6, 7), we identify significant non-zero systematic drifts that are satellite-specific, most notably affecting the first 6 years of the GMSL record. Applying the bias drift corrections has two implications. First, the GMSL rate (1993 to mid-2014) is systematically reduced to between +2.6 ± 0.4 mm yr−1 and +2.9 ± 0.4 mm yr−1, depending on the choice of VLM applied. These rates are in closer agreement with the rate derived from the sum of the observed contributions2, GMSL estimated from a comprehensive network of tide gauges with GPS-based VLM applied (updated from ref. 8) and reprocessed ERS-2/Envisat altimetry9. Second, in contrast to the previously reported slowing in the rate during the past two decades1, our corrected GMSL data set indicates an acceleration in sea-level rise (independent of the VLM used), which is of opposite sign to previous estimates and comparable to the accelerated loss of ice from Greenland and to recent projections2,10, and larger than the twentieth-century acceleration2,8,10. |
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688 |
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ISSN |
1758-6798 |
ISBN  |
1758-6798 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7069 |
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Author |
Robin Cristofari, Xiaoming Liu, Francesco Bonadonna, Yves Cherel, Pierre Pistorius, Yvon Le Maho, Virginie Raybaud, Nils Christian Stenseth, Céline Le Bohec, Emiliano Trucchi |
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Title |
Climate-driven range shifts of the king penguin in a fragmented ecosystem |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Nature Climate Change |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
8 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
245 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Ecological niche modelling of king penguins in the Southern Ocean, validated with population genomics and palaeodemography data, is used to reconstruct past range shifts and identify future vulnerable areas and potential refugia under climate change. |
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Programme |
109,137,354 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
1758-6798 |
ISBN |
1758-6798 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7097 |
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Author |
Sarah Kada, Karen D. McCoy, Thierry Boulinier |
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Title |
Impact of life stage-dependent dispersal on the colonization dynamics of host patches by ticks and tick-borne infectious agents |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Parasites & Vectors |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
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Pages |
375 |
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Keywords |
Allee effect Borrelia burgdorferi Climate change Ixodes uriae Lyme disease Ornithodoros maritimus Parasite spread Range expansion Vertical transmission |
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Abstract |
When colonization and gene flow depend on host-mediated dispersal, a key factor affecting vector dispersal potential is the time spent on the host for the blood meal, a characteristic that can vary strongly among life history stages. Using a 2-patch vector-pathogen population model and seabird ticks as biological examples, we explore how vector colonization rates and the spread of infectious agents may be shaped by life stage-dependent dispersal. We contrast hard (Ixodidae) and soft (Argasidae) tick systems, which differ strongly in blood- feeding traits. |
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Programme |
333,1151 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1756-3305 |
ISBN |
1756-3305 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6742 |
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Author |
David Byrne, Jeff Polton, Colin Bell |
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Title |
Creation of a global tide analysis dataset: Application of NEMO and an offline objective analysis scheme |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of Operational Oceanography |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
1-14 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The accurate prediction of tides is vital for the operation of many industries, early warning of coastal flooding and scientific understanding of ocean processes. In this paper, we describe the creation method of a global dataset of tidal harmonics using NEMO (Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean) for the first time and an offline objective analysis scheme. Data are assimilated as part of a post-processing step, reducing the computational resources required. A reduced ensemble of tidal harmonics is generated, where each member is run for a shorter period of time than a central background state. This ensemble is used to estimate a single background covariance state, which is used for analysis. Output is validated using an ensemble of objective analyses. For each ensemble member, random selections of observations are omitted and validation is performed at these locations. Improvements in both Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and correlation coefficients (R2) are seen across all 6 of the largest diurnal and semi-diurnal constituents. MAEs in amplitude and phase are reduced by up to 78% and 89%, respectively, and correlations by as much as 0.14. In addition, the majority of locations (between 70 and 80%) see significant improvement. |
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688 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1755-876X |
ISBN |
1755-876X |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8338 |
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Author |
Vincent Bourret, Amandine Gamble, Jérémy Tornos, Audrey Jaeger, Karine Delord, Christophe Barbraud, Pablo Tortosa, Sarah Kada, Jean-Baptiste Thiebot, Eric Thibault, Hubert Gantelet, Henri Weimerskirch, Romain Garnier, Thierry Boulinier |
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Title |
Vaccination protects endangered albatross chicks against avian cholera |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Conservation Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
e12443 |
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Keywords |
Amsterdam albatross antibody dynamics autogenous vaccine avian cholera dark-mantled sooty albatross emerging infectious diseases Indian yellow-nosed albatross Pasteurella multocida seabird conservation |
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Abstract |
Global change is contributing to unprecedented expansions of infectious diseases in wildlife. Recurrent avian cholera outbreaks are causing dramatic chick mortality and population decline in endangered albatross colonies on Amsterdam Island, a critical seabird breeding ground in the Southern Indian Ocean. We manufactured a killed vaccine using a Pasteurella multocida strain isolated from a dead albatross in the field. We used this same bacterial strain to establish a serological assay allowing the monitoring of antibody levels following bird vaccination. Using this vaccine on chicks 2 weeks posthatching caused 100% seroconversion and reduced the death risk by a factor exceeding 2.5, raising fledging probability from 14% to 46%. These results suggest that using a specifically tailored vaccine could be a key tool to effectively protect endangered seabirds from disease outbreaks threatening them with extinction. |
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Programme |
109,1151 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
1755-263X |
ISBN |
1755-263X |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7112 |
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Author |
Krystyna M. Saunders, Stephen J. Roberts, Bianca Perren, Christoph Butz, Louise Sime, Sarah Davies, Wim Van Nieuwenhuyze, Martin Grosjean, Dominic A. Hodgson |
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Title |
Holocene dynamics of the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds and possible links to CO2 outgassing |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
650-655 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
The Southern Hemisphere westerly winds (SHW) play an important role in regulating the capacity of the Southern Ocean carbon sink. They modulate upwelling of carbon-rich deep water and, with sea ice, determine the ocean surface area available for air–sea gas exchange. Some models indicate that the current strengthening and poleward shift of these winds will weaken the carbon sink. If correct, centennial- to millennial-scale reconstructions of the SHW intensity should be linked with past changes in atmospheric CO2, temperature and sea ice. Here we present a 12,300-year reconstruction of wind strength based on three independent proxies that track inputs of sea-salt aerosols and minerogenic particles accumulating in lake sediments on sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island. Between about 12.1 thousand years ago (ka) and 11.2 ka, and since about 7 ka, the wind intensities were above their long-term mean and corresponded with increasing atmospheric CO2. Conversely, from about 11.2 to 7.2 ka, the wind intensities were below their long-term mean and corresponded with decreasing atmospheric CO2. These observations are consistent with model inferences of enhanced SHW contributing to the long-term outgassing of CO2 from the Southern Ocean. |
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Programme |
1133 |
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ISSN |
1752-0908 |
ISBN |
1752-0908 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7201 |
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Author |
Martin Jiskra, Jeroen E. Sonke, Daniel Obrist, Johannes Bieser, Ralf Ebinghaus, Cathrine Lund Myhre, Katrine Aspmo Pfaffhuber, Ingvar Wängberg, Katriina Kyllönen, Doug Worthy, Lynwill G. Martin, Casper Labuschagne, Thumeka Mkololo, Michel Ramonet, Olivier Magand, Aurélien Dommergue |
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Title |
A vegetation control on seasonal variations in global atmospheric mercury concentrations |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Nature Geoscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
244 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Terrestrial vegetation contributes to the seasonal variation of atmospheric mercury concentrations, according to analyses of atmospheric trace gas dynamics and satellite data. The data show that the photosynthetic activity of vegetation correlates with atmospheric mercury. |
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Programme |
416,1028 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1752-0908 |
ISBN |
1752-0908 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7230 |
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Author |
Lia Siegelman, Patrice Klein, Pascal Rivière, Andrew F. Thompson, Hector S. Torres, Mar Flexas, Dimitris Menemenlis |
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Title |
Enhanced upward heat transport at deep submesoscale ocean fronts |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Nature Geoscience |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
13 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
50-55 |
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Keywords |
Physical oceanography |
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Abstract |
The ocean is the largest solar energy collector on Earth. The amount of heat it can store is modulated by its complex circulation, which spans a broad range of spatial scales, from metres to thousands of kilometres. In the classical paradigm, fine oceanic scales, less than 20 km in size, are thought to drive a significant downward heat transport from the surface to the ocean interior, which increases oceanic heat uptake. Here we use a combination of satellite and in situ observations in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current to diagnose oceanic vertical heat transport. The results explicitly demonstrate how deep-reaching submesoscale fronts, with a size smaller than 20 km, are generated by mesoscale eddies of size 50–300 km. In contrast to the classical paradigm, these submesoscale fronts are shown to drive an anomalous upward heat transport from the ocean interior back to the surface that is larger than other contributions to vertical heat transport and of comparable magnitude to air–sea fluxes. This effect can remarkably alter the oceanic heat uptake and will be strongest in eddy-rich regions, such as the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, the Kuroshio Extension and the Gulf Stream, all of which are key players in the climate system. |
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Programme |
109,1201 |
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Thesis |
Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
1752-0908 |
ISBN |
1752-0908 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8264 |
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Author |
Jade Vacquié‐Garcia, Jérôme Mallefet, Frédéric Bailleul, Baptiste Picard, Christophe Guinet |
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Title |
Marine Bioluminescence: Measurement by a Classical Light Sensor and Related Foraging Behavior of a Deep Diving Predator |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Photochemistry and Photobiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
93 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
1312-1319 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Bioluminescence is produced by a broad range of organisms for defense, predation or communication purposes. Southern elephant seal (SES) vision is adapted to low-intensity light with a peak sensitivity, matching the wavelength emitted by myctophid species, one of the main preys of female SES. A total of 11 satellite-tracked female SESs were equipped with a time-depth-light 3D accelerometer (TDR10-X) to assess whether bioluminescence could be used by SESs to locate their prey. Firstly, we demonstrated experimentally that the TDR10-X light sensor was sensitive enough to detect natural bioluminescence; however, we highlighted a low-distance detection of the sensor. Then, we linked the number of prey capture attempts (PCAs), assessed from accelerometer data, with the number of detected bioluminescence events. PCA was positively related to bioluminescence, which provides strong support that bioluminescence is involved in predator–prey interactions for these species. However, the limitations of the sensor did not allow us to discern whether bioluminescence (i) provided remote indication of the biological richness of the area to SES, (ii) was emitted as a mechanic reaction or (iii) was emitted as a defense mechanism in response to SES behavior. |
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Programme |
109 |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1751-1097 |
ISBN |
1751-1097 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7183 |
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Author |
Philip L. Woodworth |
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Title |
Advances in the observation and understanding of changes in sea level and tides |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
1516 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
48-75 |
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Keywords |
extreme sea levels MSL changes ocean circulation variability ocean tides and their changes sea level and geodesy vertical land movements |
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Abstract |
Climate change, of which sea level change is one component, is seldom out of the news. This paper reviews developments in the measurement and understanding of changes in sea level and tides, focusing on the changes during the past century. The main aim has been to demonstrate how sea level and tidal science are now connected intimately with the fields of climate change and geodesy. |
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688 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1749-6632 |
ISBN |
1749-6632 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8560 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
