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Hilton G.M., Thompson D.R., Sagar P.M., Cuthbert R.J., Cherel Y. & Bury S.J. (2006). A stable isotopic investigation into the causes of decline in a sub-Antarctic predator, the rockhopper penguin Eudyptes chrysocome. Gobal Change Biology, 12, 611–625.
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Angelier F., Weimerskirch H., Dano S. & Chastel O. (2007). Age, experience and reproductive performance in a long-lived bird: a hormonal perspective. Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. (Print), 61, 611–621.
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Fahlman A., Halsey L.G., Jones D.R., Schmid A, Durand S, Froget G., Bost C.A., Butler P.J., Duchamp C. & Handrich Y. (2006). Accounting for body condition improves allometric estimates of resting metabolic rates in fasting king penguins, Aptenodytes patagonicus. Polar Biol., 29, 609–614.
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Schmidt, A.; Alard, F.; Handrich, Y. (2006). Changes in body temperatures in king penguins at sea: the result of fine adjustments in peripheral heat loss? Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol., 291(3), R608–618.
Abstract: To investigate thermoregulatory adjustments at sea, body temperatures (the pectoral muscle and the brood patch) and diving behavior were monitored during a foraging trip of several days at sea in six breeding king penguins Aptenodytes patagonicus. During inactive phases at sea (water temperature: 4-7{degrees}C), all tissues measured were maintained at normothermic temperatures. The brood patch temperature was maintained at the same values as those measured when brooding on shore (38{degrees}C). This high temperature difference causes a significant loss of heat. We hypothesize that high-energy expenditure associated with elevated peripheral temperature when resting at sea is the thermoregulatory cost that a postabsorptive penguin has to face for the restoration of its subcutaneous body fat. During diving, mean pectoral temperature was 37.6 {+/-} 1.6{degrees}C. While being almost normothermic on average, the temperature of the pectoral muscle was still significantly lower than during inactivity in five out of the six birds and underwent temperature drops of up to 5.5{degrees}C. Mean brood patch temperature was 29.6 {+/-} 2.5{degrees}C during diving, and temperature decreases of up to 21.6{degrees}C were recorded. Interestingly, we observed episodes of brood patch warming during the descent to depth, suggesting that, in some cases, king penguins may perform active thermolysis using the brood patch. It is hypothesized that functional pectoral temperature may be regulated through peripheral adjustments in blood perfusion. These two paradoxical features, i.e., lower temperature of deep tissues during activity and normothermic peripheral tissues while inactive, may highlight the key to the energetics of this diving endotherm while foraging at sea.
Programme: 394
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Artemieva, I., M. Billien, J.J. Lévêque, W. D. Mooney. (2004). Shear wave velocity, seismic attenuation, and thermal structure of the continental upper mantle. Geophysical journal international, 157, 607–628.
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Goutail F., Pommereau J.P. & Sarkissian A. (1994). Four years of ground-based total ozone measurements by visible spectrometry in Antarctica. Proc. Quad Ozone Symp, 3266(2), 602–605.
Abstract: Proc. Quad Ozone Symp., 602, NASA Conf. Pub. 3266, Part 2, 602, 605
Programme: 209
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Poisson N. & Kanakidou M. (1996). A global 3 dimensional study of the impact of NMHC on tropospheric chemistry..
Abstract: Proceedings of EUROTRAC Symposium
Programme: 146
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Bost C.A. & Clobert J. (1992). Gentoo penguin pygoscelis papua: factors affecting the laying of a replacement clutch. Acta oecologica-international journal of ecology, 13(5), 593–605.
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Francois J.M., Altintas A. & Gerday C. (1997). Characterization of the single Tyrosine containing Troponin C from Lungfish white muscle. Comparison with several fast skeletal muscle Troponin C's from fish species. Comp. Biochem. Physiol., Part A Mol. Integr. Physiol., 117B(4), 589–598.
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Klein, K.-L., Krucker, S., Lointier, G. & Kerdraon, A. (2008). Open magnetic flux tubes in the corona and the transport of solar energetic particles. Astronomy & astrophysics, 486, 589.
Abstract: L'article n'utilise pas de données des moniteurs à
neutrons, mais a un impact sur la compréhension de la propagation des
particules de haute énergie dans la couronne solaire et le milieu
interplanétaire.
Programme: 227
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