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Alexander, B.; Savarino, J.; Kreutz, K.J.; Thiemens, M.H. (2004). Impact of preindustrial biomass-burning emissions on the oxidation pathways of tropospheric sulfur and nitrogen. J. Geophys. Res., 109.
Abstract: Ice core measurements (H2O2 and CH4/HCHO) and modeling studies indicate a change in the oxidation capacity of the atmosphere since the onset of the Industrial Revolution due to increases in fossil fuel burning emissions [e.g., Lelieveld et al., 2002; Hauglustaine and Brasseur, 2001; Wang and Jacob, 1998; Staffelbach et al., 1991]. The mass-independent fractionation (MIF) in the oxygen isotopes of sulfate and nitrate from a Greenland ice core reveal that biomass-burning events in North America just prior to the Industrial Revolution significantly impacted the oxidation pathways of sulfur and nitrogen species deposited in Greenland ice. This finding highlights the importance of biomass-burning emissions for atmospheric chemistry in preindustrial North America and warrants the inclusion of this impact in modeling studies estimating changes in atmospheric oxidant chemistry since the Industrial Revolution, particularly when using paleo-oxidant data as a reference for model evaluation.
Programme: 1011
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Alexander, B.; Park, R.J.; Jacob, D.J.; Li, Q.B.; Yantosca, R.M.; Savarino, J.; Lee, C.C.W.; Thiemens, M.H. (2005). Sulfate formation in sea-salt aerosols: Constraints from oxygen isotopes. J. Geophys. Res., 110.
Keywords: atmospheric chemistry; aerosol formation; isotopes; 0305 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Aerosols and particles; 0312 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Air/sea constituent fluxes; 0365 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Troposphere: composition and chemistry; 0490 Biogeosciences: Trace gases; 1041 Geochemistry: Stable isotope geochemistry
Programme: 399
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Nishitani, N.; Ogawa, T.; Sato, N.; Yamagishi, H.; Pinnock, M.; Villain, J.-P.; Sofko, G.; Troshichev, O. (2002). A study of the dusk convection cell's response to an IMF southward turning. J. Geophys. Res., 107.
Keywords: 2463 Ionosphere: Plasma convection; 2431 Ionosphere: Ionosphere/magnetosphere interactions; 2437 Ionosphere: Ionospheric dynamics; 2784 Magnetospheric Physics: Solar wind/magnetosphere interactions
Programme: 312;911
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. (2002). Adsorption isotherms of acetone on ice between 193 and 213 K. Geophysical research letters, 29.
Keywords: 1863 Hydrology: Snow and ice; 3947 Mineral Physics: Surfaces and interfaces; 0320 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Cloud physics and chemistry
Programme: 437
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Convey, P.; Frenot, Y.; Gremmen, N.; Bergstrom, D. (2006). Biological Invasions.
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Weimerskirch, H.; Cherel, Y.; Cuenot-Chaillet, F.; Ridoux, V. (1997). Alternative foraging strategies and resource allocation by male and female wandering albatrosses. Ecology, 78(7), 2051–2063.
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Hennion, F.; Huiskes, A.; Robinson, S.; Convey, P. (2006). Physiological Traits of Organisms in a Changing Environment.
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Simon, N.S.C.; Neumann, E.-R.; Bonadiman, C.; Coltorti, M.; Delpech, G.; Gregoire, M.; Widom, E. (2008). Ultra-refractory Domains in the Oceanic Mantle Lithosphere Sampled as Mantle Xenoliths at Ocean Islands. Journal of petrology, 49(6), 1223–1251.
Abstract: Many peridotite xenoliths sampled at ocean islands appear to have strongly refractory major element and modal compositions. To better constrain the chemistry, abundance and origin of these ultra-refractory rocks we compiled a large number of data for xenoliths from nine groups of ocean islands. The xenoliths were filtered petrographically for signs of melt infiltration and modal metasomatism, and the samples affected by these processes were excluded. The xenolith suites from most ocean islands are dominated by ultra-refractory harzburgites. Exceptions are the Hawaii and Tahiti peridotites, which are more fertile and contain primary clinopyroxene, and the Cape Verde suite, which contains both ultra-refractory and more fertile xenoliths. Ultra-refractory harzburgites are characterized by the absence of primary clinopyroxene, low whole-rock Al2O3, CaO, FeO/MgO and heavy rare earth element (HREE) concentrations, low Al2O3 in orthopyroxene (generally < 3 wt %), high Cr-number in spinel (0{middle dot}3-0{middle dot}8) and high forsterite contents in olivine (averages > 91{middle dot}5). They are therefore on average significantly more refractory than peridotites dredged and drilled from mid-ocean ridges and fracture zones. Moreover, their compositions resemble those of oceanic forearc peridotites. The formation of ultra-refractory ocean island harzburgites requires potential temperatures above those normally observed at modern mid-ocean ridges, and/or fluid fluxed conditions. Some ultra-refractory ocean island harzburgites give high Os model ages (up to 3300 Ma), showing that their formation significantly pre-dates the oceanic crust in the area. A genetic relationship with the host plume is considered unlikely based on textural observations, equilibration temperatures and pressures, inferred physical properties, and the long-term depleted Os and Sr isotope compositions of some of the harzburgites. Although we do not exclude the possibility that some ultra-refractory ocean island harzburgites have formed at mid-ocean ridges, we favor a model in which they formed in a process spatially and temporally unrelated to the formation of the oceanic plate and the host plume. As a result of their whole-rock compositions, ultra-refractory harzburgites have a very high solidus temperature at a given pressure, low densities and very high viscosities, and will tend to accumulate at the top of the convecting mantle. They may be preserved as fragments in the convecting mantle over long periods of time and be preferentially incorporated into newly formed lithosphere.
Programme: 444
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. (2008). Fast and partitioned postglacial rebound of southwestern Iceland. Tectonics, 27.
Keywords: glacio-isostasy; rebound; rheology; 5475 Planetary Sciences: Solid Surface Planets: Tectonics; 5416 Planetary Sciences: Solid Surface Planets: Glaciation; 4556 Oceanography: Physical: Sea level: variations and mean; 8033 Structural Geology: Rheology: mantle
Programme: 316
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Caillon, N.; Jouzel, J.; Severinghaus, J.P.; Chappellaz, J.; Blunier, T. (2003). A novel method to study the phase relationship between Antarctic and Greenland climate. Geophysical research letters, 30.
Keywords: 3344 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Paleoclimatology; 4267 Oceanography: General: Paleoceanography; 1827 Hydrology: Glaciology; 4870 Oceanography: Biological and Chemical: Stable isotopes; 1620 Global Change: Climate dynamics
Programme: 902
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