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Author (up) Aurélie Goutte, Yves Cherel, Marie-Noëlle Houssais, Vincent Klein, Catherine Ozouf-Costaz, Mireille Raccurt, Camille Robineau, Guillaume Massé doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Diatom-Specific Highly Branched Isoprenoids as Biomarkers in Antarctic Consumers Type Journal
  Year 2013 Publication PLOS ONE Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 8 Issue 2 Pages e56504  
  Keywords Antarctica Biomarkers Islands Penguins Petrels Sea ice Seabirds Stomach  
  Abstract The structure, functioning and dynamics of polar marine ecosystems are strongly influenced by the extent of sea ice. Ice algae and pelagic phytoplankton represent the primary sources of nutrition for higher trophic-level organisms in seasonally ice-covered areas, but their relative contributions to polar marine consumers remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigated the potential of diatom-specific lipid markers and highly branched isoprenoids (HBIs) for estimating the importance of these two carbon pools in an Antarctic pelagic ecosystem. Using GC-MS analysis, we studied HBI biomarkers in key marine species over three years in Adélie Land, Antarctica: euphausiids (ice krill Euphausia crystallorophias and Antarctic krill E. superba), fish (bald notothens Pagothenia borchgrevinki and Antarctic silverfish Pleuragramma antarcticum) and seabirds (Adélie penguins Pygoscelis adeliae, snow petrels Pagodroma nivea and cape petrels Daption capense). This study provides the first evidence of the incorporation of HBI lipids in Antarctic pelagic consumers. Specifically, a di-unsaturated HBI (diene) of sea ice origin was more abundant in ice-associated species than in pelagic species, whereas a tri-unsaturated HBI (triene) of phytoplanktonic origin was more abundant in pelagic species than in ice-associated species. Moreover, the relative abundances of diene and triene in seabird tissues and eggs were higher during a year of good sea ice conditions than in a year of poor ice conditions. In turn, the higher contribution of ice algal derived organic matter to the diet of seabirds was related to earlier breeding and higher breeding success. HBI biomarkers are a promising tool for estimating the contribution of organic matter derived from ice algae in pelagic consumers from Antarctica.  
  Programme 131  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1932-6203 ISBN 1932-6203 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 7215  
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Author (up) Aurélie Marchaudon file  isbn
openurl 
  Title New Insights in Far-Space Measurements: Large-Scale Structures and Processes in the Solar Wind and Terrestrial Magnetosphere Type Book Chapter
  Year 2019 Publication Geomagnetism, Aeronomy and Space Weather: A Journey from the Earth's Core to the Sun Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages 98-112  
  Keywords coronal mass ejection; magnetopause; magnetosheath; magnetosphere; magnetotail; Solar wind; space mission  
  Abstract Scientific results about space physics in the solar system and obtained from space missions are presented, concentrating on observations from the past decade. After giving the most exhaustive possible list of missions having journeyed in the solar system these past twenty years, the paper presents new insights gathered on the solar wind focusing in particular on results obtained with SOHO, STEREO, ACE and Wind. Then, new results are also presented regarding the terrestrial space environment focusing specifically on data gathered by Cluster, Polar, THEMIS, GEOTAIL and Double Star.  
  Programme 312  
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  Corporate Author Thesis Bachelor's thesis  
  Publisher Place of Publication Editor  
  Language Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN ISBN 978-1-108-41848-5 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 7653  
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Author (up) Aurelien Dommergue, Pierre Amato, Romie Tignat-Perrier, Olivier Magand, Alban Thollot, Muriel Joly, Laetitia Bouvier, Karine Sellegri, Timothy Vogel, Jeroen E. Sonke, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Marcos Andrade, Isabel Moreno, Casper Labuschagne, Lynwill Martin, Qianggong Zhang, Catherine Larose doi  openurl
  Title Methods to Investigate the Global Atmospheric Microbiome Type Journal
  Year 2019 Publication Frontiers in Microbiology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 10 Issue Pages  
  Keywords aerobiology Aerosols Atmosphere Biodiversity biogeography methods microorganisms Protocols  
  Abstract The interplay between microbes and atmospheric physical and chemical conditions is an open field of research that can only be fully addressed using multidisciplinary approaches. The lack of coordinated efforts to gather data at representative temporal and spatial scales limits aerobiology to help understand large scale patterns of global microbial biodiversity and its causal relationships with the environmental context. This paper presents the sampling strategy and analytical protocols developed in order to integrate different fields of research such as microbiology, –omics biology, atmospheric chemistry, physics and meteorology to characterize atmospheric microbial life. These include control of chemical and microbial contaminations from sampling to analysis and identification of experimental procedures for characterizing airborne microbial biodiversity and its functioning from the atmospheric samples collected at remote sites from low cell density environments. We used high-volume sampling strategy to address both chemical and microbial composition of the atmosphere, because it can help overcome low aerosol and microbial cell concentrations. To account for contaminations, exposed and unexposed control filters were processed along with the samples. We present a method that allows for the extraction of chemical and biological data from the same quartz filters. We tested different sampling times, extraction kits and methods to optimize DNA yield from filters. Based on our results, we recommend supplementary sterilization steps to reduce filter contamination induced by handling and transport. These include manipulation under laminar flow hoods and UV sterilization. In terms of DNA extraction, we recommend a vortex step and a heating step to reduce binding to the quartz fibers of the filters. These steps have led to a 10-fold increase in DNA yield, allowing for downstream omics analysis of air samples. Based on our results, our method can be integrated into pre-existing long-term monitoring field protocols for the atmosphere both in terms of atmospheric chemistry and biology. We recommend using standardized air volumes and to develop standard operating protocols for field users to better control the operational quality.  
  Programme 1028  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1664-302X ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 7847  
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Author (up) Aurélien Royer, Sophie Montuire, Olivier Gilg, Véronique Laroulandie doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title A taphonomic investigation of small vertebrate accumulations produced by the snowy owl (Bubo scandiacus) and its implications for fossil studies Type Journal
  Year 2019 Publication Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 514 Issue Pages 189-205  
  Keywords Birds Digestion Lemming Modern owl pellets Paleoenvironmental reconstruction Predation Taphonomy  
  Abstract The action of predators, such as diurnal raptors, owls, mammals or humans, influence the nature of small vertebrate fossil assemblages but currently their taphonomic features are still poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the taphonomic signature of the snowy owl (Bubo scandiacus) based on an analysis of pellets collected at breeding sites located in Greenland and the Canadian Arctic. This taxon is widely distributed through the North Hemisphere and was an important predator in Pleistocene times. Taphonomic parameters suggest that, contrary to previous assumptions, B. scandiacus produces, on average, moderate digestion of incisors, molars and post-cranial elements, and should be classed as a Category 3 or Category 3/4 predator according to the terminology established by Andrews. Significant inter-site variability was observed for some of the damage considered (in particular, digestion on incisors), and a key finding is that variability and the associated statistical confidence intervals are crucial notions that should be taken into account when assessing taphonomical features, in order to reliably identify the potential predator(s) responsible for small vertebrate fossil accumulations.  
  Programme 1036  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0031-0182 ISBN 0031-0182 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 6924  
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Author (up) Aures D. openurl 
  Title Aspects biométriques du syndrome d'insularité: cas du rat, Rattus SP, dans les Terres austales Françaises. Type Report
  Year 1996 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
  Keywords  
  Abstract D.E.A.'Biologie des Populations, Génétique et Eco-ethologie'  
  Programme 109  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1133  
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Author (up) Aurora García-Berro Navarro openurl 
  Title Trophic analyses of echinoid species of the Kerguelen Plateau (Southern Ocean) using natural 13C, 15N, and 34S stable isotopes Type Master 2
  Year 2016 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume Issue Pages  
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  Abstract

IDENTIFYING THE MAIN STRUCTURE OF BENTHIC TROPHIC NETWORKS IS NECESSARY TO UNDERSTAND THE FUNCTIONING OF MARINE COMMUNITIES. FOR THAT PURPOSE, THE TRAINEE WILL ANALYSE NATURAL 13C AND 15N STABLE ISOTOPES AND FATTY ACID BIOMARKERS ON ECHINOID SPECIMENS TO ALLOW DISCRIMINATING AMONG THE FOOD SOURCES OF TARGET SPECIES, THE MEAN/BROAD POSITION OF THE TARGET SPECIES IN THE TROPHIC NETWORKS (FEEDING STRATEGIES), AND THE TROPHIC PLASTICITY OF THESE SPECIES. THREE TARGET ECHINOID SPECIES WITH ALREADY KNOWN A PRIORI CONTRASTED TROPHIC STRATEGIES WILL BE STUDIED: STERECHINUS DIADEMA, ABATUS CORDATUS, AND CTENOCIDARIS NUTRIX. ELEMENTAL (C/N) AND ISOTOPIC ANALYSES (13C, 15N) WILL ALSO BE PERFORMED ON DIFFERENT ORGANIC MATTER SOURCES (DISSOLVED ORGANIC MATTER OF SEA WATER, SEDIMENT ORGANIC MATTER, MACROALGAE) AND COMPARED WITH OTHER PRIMARY AND SECONDARY CONSUMERS (SPONGES, KEY MARINE INVERTEBRATES). THIS WILL BE COMPLETED BY DIGESTIVE TRACK CONTENT ANALYZES OF SAMPLED SPECIMENS.

 
  Programme 1044  
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  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 6686  
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Author (up) Aurore Bourguignon, Anaïs Rameau, Gaëlle Toullec, Caroline Romestaing, Damien Roussel doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Increased mitochondrial energy efficiency in skeletal muscle after long-term fasting: its relevance to animal performance Type Journal
  Year 2017 Publication Journal of Experimental Biology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 220 Issue 13 Pages 2445-2451  
  Keywords  
  Abstract Skip to Next Section In the final stage of fasting, skeletal muscle mass and protein content drastically decrease when the maintenance of efficient locomotor activity becomes crucial for animals to reactivate feeding behaviour and survive a very long period of starvation. As mitochondrial metabolism represents the main physiological link between the endogenous energy store and animal performance, the aim of this study was to determine how a very long, natural period of fasting affected skeletal muscle mitochondrial bioenergetics in king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) chicks. Rates of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation were measured in pectoralis permeabilized fibres and isolated mitochondria. Mitochondrial ATP synthesis efficiency and the activities of respiratory chain complexes were measured in mitochondria isolated from pectoralis muscle. Results from long-term (4–5 months) naturally fasted chicks were compared with those from short-term (10 day) fasted birds. The respiratory activities of muscle fibres and isolated mitochondria were reduced by 60% and 45%, respectively, on average in long-term fasted chicks compared with short-term fasted birds. Oxidative capacity and mitochondrial content of pectoralis muscle were lowered by long-term fasting. Bioenergetic analysis of pectoralis muscle also revealed that mitochondria were, on average, 25% more energy efficient in the final stage of fasting (4–5 months) than after 10 days of fasting (short-term fasted birds). These results suggest that the strong reduction in respiratory capacity of pectoralis muscle was partly alleviated by increased mitochondrial ATP synthesis efficiency. Such oxidative phosphorylation optimization can impact animal performance, e.g. the metabolic cost of locomotion or the foraging efficiency.  
  Programme 131  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0022-0949, 1477-9145 ISBN 0022-0949, 1477-9145 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 7224  
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Author (up) Aurore Ponchon, Amandine Gamble, Jérémy Tornos, Karine Delord, Christophe Barbraud, Justin M. J. Travis, Henri Weimerskirch, Thierry Boulinier doi  openurl
  Title Similar at-sea behaviour but different habitat use between failed and successful breeding albatrosses Type Journal
  Year 2021 Publication Marine Ecology Progress Series Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 678 Issue Pages 183-196  
  Keywords Behavioural state Breeding failure Foraging behaviour Habitat models Inter-individual variability Procellariiformes Thalassarche carteri  
  Abstract Breeding failure is expected to induce behavioural changes in central place foragers. Indeed, after a failed reproductive attempt, breeding individuals are relieved from having to return to their breeding site for reproductive duties and thus are less constrained than successful breeders in their movements during the remainder of the breeding season. Accordingly, they are expected to adjust their behaviour, travelling longer in distance and/or time to reach foraging grounds. They are also expected to use different foraging areas to decrease local intra-specific competition with successful breeders. We compared the at-sea behaviour and habitat use of successful and failed Indian yellow-nosed albatrosses nesting in Amsterdam Island, Southern Indian Ocean, during 2 chick-rearing seasons. Failed breeders exhibited the same at-sea foraging behaviour, travelling as far and as long as successful breeders. They also spent the same amount of time on their nest between at-sea trips. Nevertheless, habitat models revealed partial spatial segregation of failed breeders, which used specific foraging areas characterized by deeper and colder waters in addition to the areas they shared with successful breeders. Our study shows the importance of combining a range of analytical methods (spatial analysis, behavioural inferences with advanced movement models and habitat models) to infer the at-sea behaviour and habitat use of seabirds. It also stresses the importance of considering individual breeding status when aiming to understand the spatial distribution of individuals, especially when this information may have conservation implications.  
  Programme 109  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0171-8630, 1616-1599 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8436  
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Author (up) Aurore Ponchon, Christophe Aulert, Gilles Le Guillou, Fabrice Gallien, Clara Péron, David Grémillet doi  openurl
  Title Spatial overlaps of foraging and resting areas of black-legged kittiwakes breeding in the English Channel with existing marine protected areas Type Journal
  Year 2017 Publication Marine Biology Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 164 Issue 5 Pages 119  
  Keywords  
  Abstract The English Channel is one of the most anthropized marine ecosystems due to increasing human pressures, both along the coasts and at sea. Numerous marine protected areas (MPAs) have been created in this area but their ecological relevance still needs to be demonstrated for mobile species such as seabirds. Here, we identified the at-sea foraging and resting areas of black-legged kittiwakes to quantify their spatial overlap with existing neighbouring MPAs. Using solar-powered GPS-UHF, we tracked at-sea trips of 36 kittiwakes breeding at three colonies along the French coasts of the English Channel: Boulogne-sur-Mer (Hauts-de-France, n = 11), Fécamp (Normandy, n = 14) and Saint-Pierre-du-Mont (Normandy, n = 11). While kittiwakes nesting at the two Normand colonies shared some of their foraging areas, birds from Boulogne-sur-Mer did not overlap their foraging areas with Normand birds. GPS-tracked birds from all three colonies remained close to the shore (<30 km) and mainly remained within French national waters. The existing MPA network encompassed >60% of all recorded locations, but MPA use was largely colony-specific. Habitat models built to predict habitat suitability confirmed that some MPAs encompassed highly suitable foraging and resting habitats for black-legged kittiwakes in the English Channel. Connectivity between the studied colonies was high, as indicated by inter-colony prospecting movements recorded in two individuals which supposedly failed their reproduction. Overall, this work highlights that marine species such as seabirds could benefit from existing MPAs. Nevertheless, the diversity of MPA types and their different roles complicates their effectiveness to protect marine biodiversity.  
  Programme 388  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1432-1793 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 8272  
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Author (up) Aurore Ponchon, Lech Iliszko, David Grémillet, Torkild Tveraa, Thierry Boulinier doi  isbn
openurl 
  Title Intense prospecting movements of failed breeders nesting in an unsuccessful breeding subcolony Type Journal
  Year 2017 Publication Animal Behaviour Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 124 Issue Pages 183-191  
  Keywords breeding habitat selection conspecific breeding performance informed dispersal movement ecology nest attendance reproductive failure social information use  
  Abstract Prospecting for a future breeding site may help individuals decide whether to disperse and where to settle. However, little is known about it because of methodological constraints limiting the acquisition of data at fine spatial and temporal resolutions, especially for individuals that have failed breeding. Using recently developed solar-powered GPS-UHF not requiring the recapture of individuals, we tracked failed breeding black-legged kittiwakes, Rissa tridactyla, nesting in a failed subcolony of a large Norwegian colony from the end of incubation and across the chick-rearing period. As predicted, their movement patterns differed significantly from those of successfully breeding birds tracked simultaneously in a nearby successful subcolony. After 1 week of tracking, all failed breeders rapidly abandoned their nesting cliff and males and females simultaneously increased prospecting visits to other parts of their nesting colony and to neighbouring kittiwake colonies situated 40–50km away. Conversely, none of the successful breeders prospected over the same period. Our results provide new insights on prospecting movements linked to potential dispersal decisions after breeding failure. They suggest that males and females have similar temporal but different spatial prospecting patterns, possibly due to different costs associated with prospecting and dispersal decisions. They also highlight the need to track more comprehensively the movements linked with breeding habitat selection and dispersal in contrasting environmental conditions to better understand the complex behavioural responses of individuals to breeding failure and their consequences for the spatial dynamics of populations.  
  Programme 333  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0003-3472 ISBN 0003-3472 Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 6944  
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