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Anklin M., Schwander J., Stauffer B., Tschumi B., Fuchs A., Barnola J.M. & Raynaud D. |
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Title |
CO2 record between 40 and 8 kyr B.P.from the Greenland Ice Core Project ice core. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Journal of geophysical research-atmospheres |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. |
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102 |
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26539-26545 |
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322 |
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0148-0227 |
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yes |
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979 |
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Author |
Ann Marie Aglionby Harding, Carsten Egevang, Wojciech Walkusz, Flemming Merkel, Stephane Blanc & David Gremillet |
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Title |
Estimating prey capture rates of a planktivorous seabird, the little auk (Alle alle), using diet, diving behaviour, and energy consumption |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2009 |
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POLAR BIOLOGY |
Abbreviated Journal |
Polar Biol. |
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Volume |
32 |
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Pages |
785-793 |
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388 |
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0722-4060 |
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yes |
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5845 |
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Author |
Anna Agustí-Panareda, Michail Diamantakis, Sébastien Massart, Frédéric Chevallier, Joaquín Muñoz-Sabater, Jérôme Barré, Roger Curcoll, Richard Engelen, Bavo Langerock, Rachel M. Law, Zoë Loh, Josep Anton Morguí, Mark Parrington, Vincent-Henri Peuch, Michel Ramonet, Coleen Roehl, Alex T. Vermeulen, Thorsten Warneke, Debra Wunch |
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Title |
Modelling CO2 weather – why horizontal resolution matters |
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Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
7347-7376 |
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Abstract |
Climate change mitigation efforts require information on the current greenhouse gas atmospheric concentrations and their sources and sinks. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most abundant anthropogenic greenhouse gas. Its variability in the atmosphere is modulated by the synergy between weather and CO2 surface fluxes, often referred to as CO2 weather. It is interpreted with the help of global or regional numerical transport models, with horizontal resolutions ranging from a few hundreds of kilometres to a few kilometres. Changes in the model horizontal resolution affect not only atmospheric transport but also the representation of topography and surface CO2 fluxes. This paper assesses the impact of horizontal resolution on the simulated atmospheric CO2 variability with a numerical weather prediction model. The simulations are performed using the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) CO2 forecasting system at different resolutions from 9 to 80 km and are evaluated using in situ atmospheric surface measurements and atmospheric column-mean observations of CO2, as well as radiosonde and SYNOP observations of the winds. The results indicate that both diurnal and day-to-day variability of atmospheric CO2 are generally better represented at high resolution, as shown by a reduction in the errors in simulated wind and CO2. Mountain stations display the largest improvements at high resolution as they directly benefit from the more realistic orography. In addition, the CO2 spatial gradients are generally improved with increasing resolution for both stations near the surface and those observing the total column, as the overall inter-station error is also reduced in magnitude. However, close to emission hotspots, the high resolution can also lead to a deterioration of the simulation skill, highlighting uncertainties in the high-resolution fluxes that are more diffuse at lower resolutions. We conclude that increasing horizontal resolution matters for modelling CO2 weather because it has the potential to bring together improvements in the surface representation of both winds and CO2 fluxes, as well as an expected reduction in numerical errors of transport. Modelling applications like atmospheric inversion systems to estimate surface fluxes will only be able to benefit fully from upgrades in horizontal resolution if the topography, winds and prior flux distribution are also upgraded accordingly. It is clear from the results that an additional increase in resolution might reduce errors even further. However, the horizontal resolution sensitivity tests indicate that the change in the CO2 and wind modelling error with resolution is not linear, making it difficult to quantify the improvement beyond the tested resolutions. Finally, we show that the high-resolution simulations are useful for the assessment of the small-scale variability of CO2 which cannot be represented in coarser-resolution models. These representativeness errors need to be considered when assimilating in situ data and high-resolution satellite data such as Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite (GOSAT), Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2), the Chinese Carbon Dioxide Observation Satellite Mission (TanSat) and future missions such as the Geostationary Carbon Observatory (GeoCarb) and the Sentinel satellite constellation for CO2. For these reasons, the high-resolution CO2 simulations provided by the CAMS in real time can be useful to estimate such small-scale variability in real time, as well as providing boundary conditions for regional modelling studies and supporting field experiments. |
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416 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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1680-7316 |
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yes |
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5718 |
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Author |
Annabel Rixen |
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Title |
The Future is Mine? Exploring Future Mining Scenarios with the Inuit community of Qamani’tuaq: Expected impacts on well-being and caribou livelihoods |
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Master |
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Year |
2014 |
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TUKTU Collaborative Research Project. Final Report for 2014 Research Phase
MSc. candidate, AgroParisTech: Environmental Management of Tropical Forests and Ecosystems (M2) (Research Intern) |
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1193 |
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yes |
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5662 |
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Annabel Rixen et Marine Jourdren |
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Title |
CEFE, CNRS- Journée du département BIOCON: 11 Avril 2014 “Les impacts socio-économiques de l'exploitation minière en Arctique Canadien: Une étude comparative entre Qamani'tuaq, Nunavut, and Kangiqsujuaq, Nunavik” |
Type |
Conference - National - Communication |
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Year |
2014 |
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1193 |
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yes |
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5654 |
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Author |
Annabel Rixen, Patricia Gaviria |
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Arctic Research Exchange Forum, 24 Juin 2014
“The Future Is Mine? Constructing Future Mining Scenarios with the Community of Qamani'tuaq, Nunavut”.4‐6pm, Wed June 25, 2014. sLab (Strategic Innova@on Lab) at OCAD University. 205 Richmond St. West at Duncan St., Toronto |
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Conference - National - Communication |
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2014 |
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1193 |
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yes |
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5661 |
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Author |
Annabel Rixen, Sylvie Blangy |
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Title |
Life after Meadowbank: Exploring gold mine closure scenarios with the residents of Qamini’tuaq (Baker Lake), Nunavut |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
The Extractive Industries and Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
297-312 |
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Keywords |
Caribou livelihoods Future scenarios Inuit well-being Mine closure Participatory action research Remediation |
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Abstract |
Mining development in the Canadian Arctic is commonly portrayed as a source of jobs and development for Northern communities. Yet its broader impacts on community well-being, especially after mine closure, remain understudied. This article presents post-mining scenarios as envisioned by the Inuit community of Qamini'tuaq (Baker Lake), 3 years before the Meadowbank gold mine's anticipated closure. Study participants rated mine closure impacts on the “Well-Being Wheel”, an evaluation tool co-designed with the authors and featuring five axes: Family Life, Jobs, Food Independence, Health and Learning (all closely tied to caribou-based subsistence lifestyles). Participants also explored best-case and worst-case outcomes. All scenarios highlighted far-reaching impacts on diverse aspects of Inuit well-being. A pessimistic scenario signified a sudden surge in unemployment, with stresses on mental health, family life and food security. An optimistic scenario promised new business development, social service support, and the resurgence of caribou herds. We conclude that in Qamini’tuaq, mining has failed to produce lasting “social and economic development” when we consider its holistic impacts on well-being and subsistence lifestyles. Yet participatory scenario construction may foster effective cross-sector collaboration in anticipation of mine closure. We recommend the strengthening of essential social services and local caribou livelihoods as a strategy to improve post-mining outcomes. |
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1193 |
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2214-790X |
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yes |
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Serial |
6044 |
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Author |
Anne Boynard, Daniel Hurtmans, Katerina Garane, Florence Goutail, Juliette Hadji-Lazaro, Maria Elissavet Koukouli, Catherine Wespes, Corinne Vigouroux, Arno Keppens, Jean-Pierre Pommereau, Andrea Pazmino, Dimitris Balis, Diego Loyola, Pieter Valks, Ralf Sussmann, Dan Smale, Pierre-François Coheur, Cathy Clerbaux |
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Title |
Validation of the IASI FORLI/EUMETSAT ozone products using satellite (GOME-2), ground-based (Brewer–Dobson, SAOZ, FTIR) and ozonesonde measurements |
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Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
5125-5152 |
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Abstract |
This Paper Assesses The Quality Of Iasi (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer)/metop-a (Iasi-a) And Iasi/metop-b (Iasi-b) Ozone (O3) Products (Total And Partial O3 Columns) Retrieved With The Fast Optimal Retrievals On Layers For Iasi Ozone (Forli-o3; V20151001) Software For 9 Years (2008–july 2017) Through An Extensive Intercomparison And Validation Exercise Using Independent Observations (Satellite, Ground-based And Ozonesonde). Compared With The Previous Version Of Forli-o3 (V20140922), Several Improvements Have Been Introduced In Forli-o3 V20151001, Including Absorbance Look-up Tables Recalculated To Cover A Larger Spectral Range, With Additional Numerical Corrections. This Leads To A Change Of ∼4% In The Total Ozone Column (Toc) Product, Which Is Mainly Associated With A Decrease In The Retrieved O3 Concentration In The Middle Stratosphere (Above 30hpa/25km). Iasi-a And Iasi-b Tocs Are Consistent, With A Global Mean Difference Of Less Than 0.3% For Both Daytime And Nighttime Measurements; Iasi-a Is Slightly Higher Than Iasi-b. A Global Difference Of Less Than 2.4% Is Found For The Tropospheric (Tropo) O3 Column Product (Iasi-a Is Lower Than Iasi-b), Which Is Partly Due To A Temporary Issue Related To The Iasi-a Viewing Angle In 2015. Our Validation Shows That Iasi-a And Iasi-b Tocs Are Consistent With Gome-2 (Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2), Dobson, Brewer, Saoz (Système D'analyse Par Observation Zénithale) And Ftir (Fourier Transform Infrared) Tocs, With Global Mean Differences In The Range Of 0.1%–2% Depending On The Instruments Compared. The Worst Agreement With Uv–vis Retrieved Toc (Satellite And Ground) Is Found At The Southern High Latitudes. The Iasi-a And Ground-based Toc Comparison For The Period From 2008 To July 2017 Shows The Long-term Stability Of Iasi-a, With Insignificant Or Small Negative Drifts Of 1%–3%decade−1. The Comparison Results Of Iasi-a And Iasi-b Against Smoothed Ftir And Ozonesonde Partial O3 Columns Vary With Altitude And Latitude, With The Maximum Standard Deviation Being Seen For The 300–150hpa Column (20%–40%) Due To Strong Ozone Variability And Large Total Retrievals Errors. Compared With Ozonesonde Data, The Iasi-a And Iasi-b O3 Tropo Column (Defined As The Column Between The Surface And 300hpa) Is Positively Biased In The High Latitudes (4%–5%) And Negatively Biased In The Midlatitudes And Tropics (11%–13% And 16%–19%, Respectively). The Iasi-a-to-ozonesonde Tropo Comparison For The Period From 2008 To 2016 Shows A Significant Negative Drift In The Northern Hemisphere Of -8.6±3.4%decade−1, Which Is Also Found In The Iasi-a-to-ftir Tropo Comparison. When Considering The Period From 2011 To 2016, The Drift Value For The Tropo Column Decreases And Becomes Statistically Insignificant. The Observed Negative Drifts Of The Iasi-a Tropo O3 Product (8%–16%decade−1) Over The 2008–2017 Period Might Be Taken Into Consideration When Deriving Trends From This Product And This Time Period. |
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209 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
1867-1381 |
ISBN |
1867-1381 |
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yes |
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Serial |
7389 |
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Author |
Anne Boynard, Daniel Hurtmans, Mariliza E. Koukouli, Florence Goutail, Jérôme Bureau, Sarah Safieddine, Christophe Lerot, Juliette Hadji-Lazaro, Catherine Wespes, Jean-Pierre Pommereau, Andrea Pazmino, Irene Zyrichidou, Dimitris Balis, Alain Barbe, Semen N. Mikhailenko, Diego Loyola, Pieter Valks, Michel Van Roozendael, Pierre-François Coheur, Cathy Clerbaux |
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Title |
Seven years of IASI ozone retrievals from FORLI: validation with independent total column and vertical profile measurements |
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Journal |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
9 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
4327-4353 |
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Abstract |
Abstract. This paper presents an extensive intercomparison and validation for the ozone (O3) product measured by the two Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometers (IASIs) launched on board the MetOp-A and MetOp-B satellites in 2006 and in 2012 respectively. IASI O3 total columns and vertical profiles obtained from Fast Optimal Retrievals on Layers for IASI (FORLI) v20140922 software (running up until recently) are validated against independent observations during the period 2008–2014 on a global scale. On average for the period 2013–2014, IASI-A and IASI-B total ozone columns (TOCs) retrieved using FORLI are consistent, with IASI-B providing slightly lower values with a global difference of only 0.2±0.8%. The comparison between IASI-A and IASI-B O3 vertical profiles shows differences within ±2% over the entire altitude range. Global validation results for 7 years of IASI TOCs from FORLI against the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment-2 (GOME-2) launched on board MetOp-A and Brewer–Dobson data show that, on average, IASI overestimates the ultraviolet (UV) data by 5–6% with the largest differences found in the southern high latitudes. The comparison with UV–visible SAOZ (Système d'Analyse par Observation Zénithale) measurements shows a mean bias between IASI and SAOZ TOCs of 2–4% in the midlatitudes and tropics and 7% at the polar circle. Part of the discrepancies found at high latitudes can be attributed to the limited information content in the observations due to low brightness temperatures. The comparison with ozonesonde vertical profiles (limited to 30km) shows that on average IASI with FORLI processing underestimates O3 by ∼ 5–15% in the troposphere while it overestimates O3 by ∼ 10–40% in the stratosphere, depending on the latitude. The largest relative differences are found in the tropical tropopause region; this can be explained by the low O3 amounts leading to large relative errors. In this study, we also evaluate an updated version of FORLI-O3 retrieval software (v20151001), using look-up tables recalculated to cover a larger spectral range using the latest HITRAN spectroscopic database (HITRAN 2012) and implementing numerical corrections. The assessment of the new O3 product with the same set of observations as that used for the validation exercise shows a correction of ∼ 4% for the TOC positive bias when compared to the UV ground-based and satellite observations, bringing the overall global comparison to ∼ 1–2% on average. This improvement is mainly associated with a decrease in the retrieved O3 concentration in the middle stratosphere (above 30hPa/25km) as shown by the comparison with ozonesonde data. |
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1867-1381 |
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1867-1381 |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7292 |
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Author |
Anne Cillard, Tatiana Fuentes Rodriguez, Jean-Patrice Robin, Pierre Bize, Antoine Stier, Vincent A. Viblanc |
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Title |
Sharing your snack: unusual observation of a chick–chick feeding occurrence in colonial king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) |
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Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
160 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
489-498 |
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Keywords |
allofeeding chick feeding food sharing learning parental care penguin seabird |
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Abstract |
Abstract King penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) are colonial seabirds presenting an extraordinary breeding cycle. Parents take over 14 months to raise a single chick to independence, upon which fledglings depart at sea for more than a year. Juveniles often return to the colony within the three austral summers following departure, and before the age of first reproduction (around 5–6 years old), possibly to acquire the essential skills involved in breeding. Little to nothing is known on the acquisition of parental behaviour. Here, we report an anecdotal, yet highly unusual, observation of chick–chick feeding behaviour in this species. The behaviour is highly unusual in that two non-sibling chicks, not yet independent, and hatched at different times (early and late) of the same breeding season were observed, the older chick feeding the younger one. Whereas alloparental feeding is known to occur in this species, this is the first reported observation of a chick–chick feeding event. This unusual behaviour raises the question of whether the early social environment plays a role in the acquisition of essential parenting skills in this species. |
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0005-7959, 1568-539X |
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Notes |
|
Approved |
yes |
|
| |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
8550 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
