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Author  |
Alice Carravieri, Jérôme Fort, Arnaud Tarroux, Yves Cherel, Oliver P. Love, Solène Prieur, Maud Brault-Favrou, Paco Bustamante, Sébastien Descamps |
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Title |
Mercury exposure and short-term consequences on physiology and reproduction in Antarctic petrels |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Environmental Pollution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
237 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
824-831 |
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Keywords |
Antarctica Bioaccumulation Body condition Breeding success Stable isotopes Trophic position |
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Abstract |
Mercury (Hg) is a pervasive contaminant reaching Antarctic environments through atmospheric transport and deposition. Seabirds as meso to top predators can accumulate high quantities of Hg through diet. Reproduction is one of the most sensitive endpoints of Hg toxicity in marine birds. Yet, few studies have explored Hg exposure and effects in Antarctic seabirds, where increasing environmental perturbations challenge animal populations. This study focuses on the Antarctic petrel Thalassoica antarctica from Svarthamaren, Antarctica, where the world's largest breeding population is thought to be in decline. Hg and the stable isotopes of carbon (δ13C, proxy of feeding habitat) and nitrogen (δ15N, trophic position/diet) were measured in red blood cells from 266 individuals over two breeding years (2012–13, 2013–14). Our aims were to 1) quantify the influence of individual traits (size and sex) and feeding ecology (foraging location, δ13C and δ15N values) on Hg exposure, and 2) test the relationship between Hg concentrations with body condition and breeding output (hatching success and chick survival). Hg concentrations in Antarctic petrels (mean ± SD, 0.84 ± 0.25, min-max, 0.42–2.71 μg g−1 dw) were relatively low when compared to other Antarctic seabirds. Hg concentrations increased significantly with δ15N values, indicating that individuals with a higher trophic level (i.e. feeding more on fish) had higher Hg exposure. By contrast, Hg exposure was not driven by feeding habitat (inferred from both foraging location and δ13C values), suggesting that Hg transfer to predators in Antarctic waters is relatively homogeneous over a large geographical scale. Hg concentrations were not related to body condition, hatching date and short-term breeding output. At present, Hg exposure is likely not of concern for this population. Nevertheless, further studies on other fitness parameters and long-term breeding output are warranted because Hg can have long-term population-level effects without consequences on current breeding success. |
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388 |
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ISSN |
0269-7491 |
ISBN |
0269-7491 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7409 |
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Author |
Alice Carravieri, Orsolya Vincze, Paco Bustamante, Joshua T. Ackerman, Evan M. Adams, Frédéric Angelier, Olivier Chastel, Yves Cherel, Olivier Gilg, Elena Golubova, Alexander Kitaysky, Katelyn Luff, Chad L. Seewagen, Hallvard Strøm, Alexis P. Will, Glenn Yannic, Mathieu Giraudeau, Jérôme Fort |
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Title |
Quantitative meta-analysis reveals no association between mercury contamination and body condition in birds |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Biological Reviews |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
97 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
1253-1271 |
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Keywords |
blood body mass energetics fat feather feeding habitat metabolism species |
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Abstract |
Mercury contamination is a major threat to the global environment, and is still increasing in some regions despite international regulations. The methylated form of mercury is hazardous to biota, yet its sublethal effects are difficult to detect in wildlife. Body condition can vary in response to stressors, but previous studies have shown mixed effects of mercury on body condition in wildlife. Using birds as study organisms, we provide the first quantitative synthesis of the effect of mercury on body condition in animals. In addition, we explored the influence of intrinsic, extrinsic and methodological factors potentially explaining cross-study heterogeneity in results. We considered experimental and correlative studies carried out in adult birds and chicks, and mercury exposure inferred from blood and feathers. Most experimental investigations (90%) showed a significant relationship between mercury concentrations and body condition. Experimental exposure to mercury disrupted nutrient (fat) metabolism, metabolic rates, and food intake, resulting in either positive or negative associations with body condition. Correlative studies also showed either positive or negative associations, of which only 14% were statistically significant. Therefore, the overall effect of mercury concentrations on body condition was null in both experimental (estimate ± SE = 0.262 ± 0.309, 20 effect sizes, five species) and correlative studies (−0.011 ± 0.020, 315 effect sizes, 145 species). The single and interactive effects of age class and tissue type were accounted for in meta-analytic models of the correlative data set, since chicks and adults, as well as blood and feathers, are known to behave differently in terms of mercury accumulation and health effects. Of the 15 moderators tested, only wintering status explained cross-study heterogeneity in the correlative data set: free-ranging wintering birds were more likely to show a negative association between mercury and body condition. However, wintering effect sizes were limited to passerines, further studies should thus confirm this trend in other taxa. Collectively, our results suggest that (i) effects of mercury on body condition are weak and mostly detectable under controlled conditions, and (ii) body condition indices are unreliable indicators of mercury sublethal effects in the wild. Food availability, feeding rates and other sources of variation that are challenging to quantify likely confound the association between mercury and body condition in natura. Future studies could explore the metabolic effects of mercury further using designs that allow for the estimation and/or manipulation of food intake in both wild and captive birds, especially in under-represented life-history stages such as migration and overwintering. |
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109,330,388,1036,1210 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
1469-185X |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8400 |
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Author |
Alice Carravieri, Paco Bustamante, Pierre Labadie, Hélène Budzinski, Olivier Chastel, Yves Cherel |
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Title |
Trace elements and persistent organic pollutants in chicks of 13 seabird species from Antarctica to the subtropics |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2020 |
Publication |
Environment International |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
134 |
Issue |
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Pages |
105225 |
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Keywords |
Albatrosses; Mercury; Penguins; Petrels; Selenium; Stable isotopes |
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Abstract |
Seabirds from remote regions are mainly exposed to environmental contaminants from non-point contamination of their food webs. Pre-fledging seabird chicks are fed by their parents with marine prey captured in the vicinity of breeding colonies. Contaminant concentrations in tissues of pre-fledging chicks can thus be mostly related to local dietary sources, and have the potential to unravel spatial patterns of environmental contamination in marine ecosystems. Here, mercury (Hg), 13 other trace elements, and 18 persistent organic pollutants (POPs) were quantified in blood of chicks across four breeding locations that encompass a large latitudinal range in the southern Indian Ocean (from Antarctica, through subantarctic areas, to the subtropics), over a single breeding season. Thirteen species of penguins, albatrosses and petrels were studied, including endangered and near-threatened species, such as Amsterdam albatrosses and emperor penguins. Blood Hg burdens varied widely between species, with a factor of ~50 between the lowest and highest concentrations (mean ± SD, 0.05 ± 0.01 and 2.66 ± 0.81 µg g−1 dry weight, in thin-billed prions and Amsterdam albatrosses, respectively). Species relying on Antarctic waters for feeding had low Hg exposure. Concentrations of POPs were low in chicks, with the exception of hexachlorobenzene. Contaminant concentrations were mainly explained by species differences, but feeding habitat (inferred from δ13C values) and chicks’ body mass also contributed to explain variation. Collectively, our findings call for further toxicological investigations in Amsterdam albatrosses and small petrel species, because they were exposed to high and diverse sources of contaminants, and in macaroni penguins, which specifically showed very high selenium concentrations. Capsule Seabird chicks from four distant sites in the southern Indian Ocean had contrasted blood metallic and organic contaminant patterns depending on species, feeding habitat and body mass. |
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Programme |
109 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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ISSN |
0160-4120 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7674 |
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Author |
Alice Carravieri, Sophie Lorioux, Frédéric Angelier, Olivier Chastel, Céline Albert, Vegard Sandøy Bråthen, Émile Brisson-Curadeau, Manon Clairbaux, Karine Delord, Mathieu Giraudeau, Samuel Perret, Timothée Poupart, Cécile Ribout, Amélia Viricel-Pante, David Grémillet, Paco Bustamante, Jérôme Fort |
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Title |
Carryover effects of winter mercury contamination on summer concentrations and reproductive performance in little auks |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2023 |
Publication |
Environmental Pollution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
318 |
Issue |
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Pages |
120774 |
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Keywords |
Blood Chick growth Feathers Migration Reproduction Seabird Telomeres |
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Abstract |
Many animals migrate after reproduction to respond to seasonal environmental changes. Environmental conditions experienced on non-breeding sites can have carryover effects on fitness. Exposure to harmful chemicals can vary widely between breeding and non-breeding grounds, but its carryover effects are poorly studied. Mercury (Hg) contamination is a major concern in the Arctic. Here, we quantified winter Hg contamination and its carryover effects in the most abundant Arctic seabird, the little auk Alle alle. Winter Hg contamination of birds from an East Greenland population was inferred from head feather concentrations. Birds tracked with Global Location Sensors (GLS, N = 28 of the total 92) spent the winter in western and central North Atlantic waters and had increasing head feather Hg concentrations with increasing longitude (i.e., eastward). This spatial pattern was not predicted by environmental variables such as bathymetry, sea-surface temperature or productivity, and needs further investigation. Hg concentrations in head feathers and blood were strongly correlated, suggesting a carryover effect of adult winter contamination on the consequent summer concentrations. Head feather Hg concentrations had no clear association with telomere length, a robust fitness indicator. In contrast, carryover negative effects were detected on chick health, as parental Hg contamination in winter was associated with decreasing growth rate of chicks in summer. Head feather Hg concentrations of females were not associated with egg membrane Hg concentrations, or with egg volume. In addition, parental winter Hg contamination was not related to Hg burdens in chicks’ body feathers. Therefore, we hypothesise that the association between parental winter Hg exposure and the growth of their chick results from an Hg-related decrease in parental care, and needs further empirical evidence. Our results stress the need of considering parental contamination on non-breeding sites to understand Hg trans-generational effects in migrating seabirds, even at low concentrations. |
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388 |
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0269-7491 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
8777 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Alice Carravieri, Yves Cherel, Maud Brault-Favrou, Carine Churlaud, Laurent Peluhet, Pierre Labadie, Hélène Budzinski, Olivier Chastel, Paco Bustamante |
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Title |
From Antarctica to the subtropics: Contrasted geographical concentrations of selenium, mercury, and persistent organic pollutants in skua chicks (Catharacta spp.) |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Environmental Pollution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
228 |
Issue |
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Pages |
464-473 |
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Keywords |
Bioaccumulation Blood Chick HCB Southern Ocean Stable isotopes |
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Abstract |
Seabirds integrate bioaccumulative contaminants via food intake and have revealed geographical trends of contamination in a variety of ecosystems. Pre-fledging seabird chicks are particularly interesting as bioindicators of chemical contamination, because concentrations in their tissues reflect primarily dietary sources from the local environment. Here we measured 14 trace elements and 18 persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in blood of chicks of skuas that breed in four sites encompassing a large latitudinal range within the southern Indian Ocean, from Antarctica (Adélie Land, south polar skua Catharacta maccormicki), through subantarctic areas (Crozet and Kerguelen Islands, brown skua C. lonnbergi), to the subtropics (Amsterdam Island, C. lonnbergi). Stables isotopes of carbon (δ13C, feeding habitat) and nitrogen (δ15N, trophic position) were also measured to control for the influence of feeding habits on contaminant burdens. Concentrations of mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) were very high at all the four sites, with Amsterdam birds having the highest concentrations ever reported in chicks worldwide (4.0 ± 0.8 and 646 ± 123 μg g−1 dry weight, respectively). Blood Hg concentrations showed a clear latitudinal pattern, increasing from chicks in Antarctica to chicks in the subantarctic and subtropical islands. Interestingly, blood Se concentrations showed similar between-population differences to Hg, suggesting its involvement in protective mechanisms against Hg toxicity. Chicks’ POPs pattern was largely dominated by organochlorine pesticides, in particular DDT metabolites and hexachlorobenzene (HCB). Skua chicks from subantarctic islands presented high concentrations and diversity of POPs. By contrast, chicks from the Antarctic site overall had the lowest concentrations and diversity of both metallic and organic contaminants, with the exception of HCB and arsenic. Skua populations from these sites, being naturally exposed to different quantities of contaminants, are potentially good models for testing toxic effects in developing chicks in the wild. |
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Programme |
109 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0269-7491 |
ISBN |
0269-7491 |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6633 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Alice Carravieri, Yves Cherel, Maud Brault-Favrou, Carine Churlaud, Laurent Peluhet, Pierre Labadie, Hélène Budzinski, Olivier Chastel, Paco Bustamante |
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Title |
From Antarctica to the subtropics: Contrasted geographical concentrations of selenium, mercury, and persistent organic pollutants in skua chicks (Catharacta spp.) |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Environmental Pollution |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
228 |
Issue |
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Pages |
464-473 |
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Keywords |
Bioaccumulation Blood Chick HCB Southern Ocean Stable isotopes |
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Abstract |
Seabirds integrate bioaccumulative contaminants via food intake and have revealed geographical trends of contamination in a variety of ecosystems. Pre-fledging seabird chicks are particularly interesting as bioindicators of chemical contamination, because concentrations in their tissues reflect primarily dietary sources from the local environment. Here we measured 14 trace elements and 18 persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in blood of chicks of skuas that breed in four sites encompassing a large latitudinal range within the southern Indian Ocean, from Antarctica (Adélie Land, south polar skua Catharacta maccormicki), through subantarctic areas (Crozet and Kerguelen Islands, brown skua C. lonnbergi), to the subtropics (Amsterdam Island, C. lonnbergi). Stables isotopes of carbon (δ13C, feeding habitat) and nitrogen (δ15N, trophic position) were also measured to control for the influence of feeding habits on contaminant burdens. Concentrations of mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) were very high at all the four sites, with Amsterdam birds having the highest concentrations ever reported in chicks worldwide (4.0 ± 0.8 and 646 ± 123 μg g−1 dry weight, respectively). Blood Hg concentrations showed a clear latitudinal pattern, increasing from chicks in Antarctica to chicks in the subantarctic and subtropical islands. Interestingly, blood Se concentrations showed similar between-population differences to Hg, suggesting its involvement in protective mechanisms against Hg toxicity. Chicks’ POPs pattern was largely dominated by organochlorine pesticides, in particular DDT metabolites and hexachlorobenzene (HCB). Skua chicks from subantarctic islands presented high concentrations and diversity of POPs. By contrast, chicks from the Antarctic site overall had the lowest concentrations and diversity of both metallic and organic contaminants, with the exception of HCB and arsenic. Skua populations from these sites, being naturally exposed to different quantities of contaminants, are potentially good models for testing toxic effects in developing chicks in the wild. |
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Programme |
109 |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0269-7491 |
ISBN |
0269-7491 |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7151 |
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Author |
Alice Della Penna, Philippe Koubbi, Cedric Cotté, Cécile Bon, Charles-André Bost, Francesco d'Ovidio |
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Title |
Lagrangian analysis of multi-satellite data in support of open ocean Marine Protected Area design |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Deep sea research part ii: topical studies in oceanography |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
140 |
Issue |
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Pages |
212-221 |
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Keywords |
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Abstract |
Compared to ecosystem conservation in territorial seas, protecting the open ocean has peculiar geopolitical, economic and scientific challenges. One of the major obstacle is defining the boundary of an open ocean Marine Protected Area (MPA). In contrast to coastal ecosystems, which are mostly constrained by topographic structures fixed in time, the life of marine organisms in the open ocean is entrained by fluid dynamical structures like eddies and fronts, whose lifetime occurs on ecologically-relevant timescales. The position of these highly dynamical structures can vary interannually by hundreds of km, and so too will regions identified as ecologically relevant such as the foraging areas of marine predators. Thus, the expected foraging locations suggested from tracking data cannot be directly extrapolated beyond the year in which the data were collected. Here we explore the potential of Lagrangian methods applied to multisatellite data as a support tool for a MPA proposal by focusing on the Crozet archipelago oceanic area (Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean). By combining remote sensing with biologging information from a key marine top predator (Eudyptes chrysolophus, or Macaroni penguin) of the Southern Ocean foodweb, we identify a highly dynamic branch of the Subantarctic front as a foraging hotspot. By tracking this feature in historical satellite data (1993–2012) we are able to extrapolate the position of this foraging ground beyond the years in which tracking data are available and study its spatial variability. |
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Programme |
394 |
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ISSN |
0967-0645 |
ISBN |
0967-0645 |
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yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
6586 |
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Author |
Alice Gadea, Anne-Cécile Le Lamer, Sophie Le Gall, Catherine Jonard, Solenn Ferron, Daniel Catheline, Damien Ertz, Pierre Le Pogam, Joël Boustie, Françoise Lohézic - Le Devehat, Maryvonne Charrier |
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Title |
Intrathalline Metabolite Profiles in the Lichen Argopsis friesiana Shape Gastropod Grazing Patterns |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2018 |
Publication |
Journal of Chemical Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
44 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
471-482 |
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Keywords |
Chemical ecology Herbivory Lichen-gastropod interactions Notodiscus hookeri Snail Stereocaulaceae Subantarctic islands |
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Abstract |
Lichen-gastropod interactions generally focus on the potential deterrent or toxic role of secondary metabolites. To better understand lichen-gastropod interactions, a controlled feeding experiment was designed to identify the parts of the lichen Argopsis friesiana consumed by the Subantarctic land snail Notodiscus hookeri. Besides profiling secondary metabolites in various lichen parts (apothecia, cephalodia, phyllocladia and fungal axis of the pseudopodetium), we investigated potentially beneficial resources that snails can utilize from the lichen (carbohydrates, amino acids, fatty acids, polysaccharides and total nitrogen). Notodiscus hookeri preferred cephalodia and algal layers, which had high contents of carbohydrates, nitrogen, or both. Apothecia were avoided, perhaps due to their low contents of sugars and polyols. Although pseudopodetia were characterized by high content of arabitol, they were also rich in medullary secondary compounds, which may explain why they were not consumed. Thus, the balance between nutrients (particularly nitrogen and polyols) and secondary metabolites appears to play a key role in the feeding preferences of this snail. |
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Programme |
136 |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1573-1561 |
ISBN |
1573-1561 |
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Area |
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Expedition |
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Notes |
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Approved |
yes |
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Call Number |
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Serial |
7022 |
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| Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Alice Gadea, Maryvonne Charrier, Mathieu Fanuel, Philippe Clerc, Corentin Daugan, Aurélie Sauvager, Hélène Rogniaux, Joël Boustie, Anne-Cécile Le Lamer, Françoise Lohézic - Le Devehat |
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Title |
Overcoming deterrent metabolites by gaining essential nutrients: A lichen/snail case study |
Type |
Journal |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Phytochemistry |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
164 |
Issue |
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Pages |
86-93 |
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Keywords |
D-arabitol; Feeding choice; Lichen; Mass spectrometry imaging; Parmeliaceae; Snail; Usnic acid |
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Abstract |
Specialised metabolites in lichens are generally considered repellent compounds by consumers. Nevertheless, if the only food available is lichens rich in specialised metabolites, lichenophages must implement strategies to overcome the toxicity of these metabolites. Thus, the balance between phagostimulant nutrients and deterrent metabolites could play a key role in feeding preferences. To further understand lichen-gastropod interactions, we studied the feeding behaviour and consumption in Notodiscus hookeri, the land snail native to sub-Antarctic islands. The lichen Usnea taylorii was used because of its simple chemistry, its richness in usnic acid (specialised metabolite) and arabitol (primary metabolite) and its presence in snail habitats. Choice tests in arenas with intact lichens versus acetone-rinsed lichens were carried out to study the influence of specialised metabolites on snail behaviour and feeding preference. Simultaneously, usnic acid and arabitol were quantified and located within the lichen thallus using HPLC-DAD-MS and in situ imaging by mass spectrometry to assess whether their spatial distribution explained preferential snail grazing. No-choice feeding experiments, with the pure metabolites embedded in an artificial diet, defined a gradual gustatory response, from strong repellence (usnic acid) to high appetence (D-arabitol). This case study demonstrates that the nutritional activity of N. hookeri is governed by the chemical quality of the food and primarily by nutrient availability (arabitol), despite the presence of deterrent metabolite (usnic acid). |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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yes |
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7652 |
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Author |
Alice Gadea, Mathieu Fanuel, Anne-Cécile Le Lamer, Joël Boustie, Hélène Rogniaux, Maryvonne Charrier, Françoise Lohézic-Le Devehat |
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Title |
Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Specialized Metabolites for Predicting Lichen Fitness and Snail Foraging |
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2020 |
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9 |
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1 |
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70 |
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Notodiscus hookeri Pseudocyphellaria crocata Chemical Ecology Lichens Lobariaceae Mass Spectrometry Imaging Optimal Defense Theory Specialized Metabolites |
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Lichens are slow-growing organisms supposed to synthetize specialized metabolites to protect themselves against diverse grazers. As predicted by the optimal defense theory (ODT), lichens are expected to invest specialized metabolites in higher levels in reproductive tissues compared to thallus. We investigated whether Laser Desorption Ionization coupled to Mass Spectrometry Imaging (LDI-MSI) could be a relevant tool for chemical ecology issues such as ODT. In the present study, this method was applied to cross-sections of thalli and reproductive tissues of the lichen Pseudocyphellaria crocata. Spatial mapping revealed phenolic families of metabolites. A quantification of these metabolites was carried out in addition to spatial imaging. By this method, accumulation of specialized metabolites was observed in both reproductive parts (apothecia and soralia) of P. crocata, but their nature depended on the lichen organs: apothecia concentrated norstictic acid, tenuiorin, and pulvinic acid derivatives, whereas soralia mainly contained tenuiorin and pulvinic acid. Stictic acid, tenuiorin and calycin, tested in no-choices feeding experiments, were deterrent for N. hookeri while entire thalli were consumed by the snail. To improve better knowledge in relationships between grazed and grazing organisms, LDI-MSI appears to be a complementary tool in ecological studies |
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8265 |
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