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Title |
The story of endurance: Biogeography and the evolutionary history of four Holarctic butterflies with different habitat requirements |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Journal of Biogeography |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
48 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
590-602 |
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Keywords |
COI Ef-1? insect Lepidoptera mammoth steppe Pleistocene Quaternary RpS5 species distribution modelling |
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1036 |
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1365-2699 |
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yes |
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7984 |
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Title |
Marine habitat use and feeding ecology of introduced anadromous brown trout at the colonization front of the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen archipelago |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Scientific Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
11917 |
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Keywords |
Animal migration Behavioural ecology Ecology Stable isotope analysis |
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1041 |
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2045-2322 |
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2045-2322 |
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yes |
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8180 |
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Title |
Using Reciprocal Transplants to Assess Local Adaptation, Genetic Rescue, and Sexual Selection in Newly Established Populations |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Genes |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
5 |
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Keywords |
gene flow genetic rescue local adaptation mating success small population |
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Abstract |
Small populations establishing on colonization fronts have to adapt to novel environments with limited genetic variation. The pace at which they can adapt, and the influence of genetic variation on their success, are key questions for understanding intraspecific diversity. To investigate these topics, we performed a reciprocal transplant experiment between two recently founded populations of brown trout in the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Islands. Using individual tagging and genetic assignment methods, we tracked the fitness of local and foreign individuals, as well as the fitness of their offspring over two generations. In both populations, although not to the same extent, gene flow occurred between local and foreign gene pools. In both cases, however, we failed to detect obvious footprints of local adaptation (which should limit gene flow) and only weak support for genetic rescue (which should enhance gene flow). In the population where gene flow from foreign individuals was low, no clear differences were observed between the fitness of local, foreign, and F1 hybrid individuals. In the population where gene flow was high, foreign individuals were successful due to high mating success rather than high survival, and F1 hybrids had the same fitness as pure local offspring. These results suggest the importance of considering sexual selection, rather than just local adaptation and genetic rescue, when evaluating the determinants of success in small and recently founded populations. |
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1041 |
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yes |
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8179 |
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The micrometeorite flux at Dome C (Antarctica), monitoring the accretion of extraterrestrial dust on Earth |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Earth and Planetary Science Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
560 |
Issue |
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Pages |
116794 |
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Keywords |
Antarctic micrometeorites atmospheric entry cosmic spherules extraterrestrial flux interplanetary dust particles zodiacal cloud |
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1120 |
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0012-821X |
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yes |
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8244 |
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Author |
Ishino S., Hattori S., Savarino J., Jourdain B., Legrand M., Preunkert S., Alexander B., Yoshida N., Huang J. |
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Title |
Regional characteristics of atmospheric sulfate formation in East Antarctica imprinted on 17O-excess signature |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
EGU General Assembly, 19-30 April 2021 |
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Programme |
1177 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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yes |
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7869 |
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Author |
Hullé M., Vernon P. |
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Title |
The terrestrial macro-invertebrates of the sub-Antarctic Îles Kerguelen and Île de la Possession |
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Book |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
iste (ed.). 240 pp. |
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Abstract |
The sub-Antarctic islands are remote and isolated environments with original flora and fauna composed of a few species that are highly adapted to cold oceanic conditions. Their peculiar naturalness makes these ecosystems intrinsically fragile.This book focuses on terrestrial ecosystems and, in particular, on invertebrates – earthworms, mollusks, spiders and insects – that inhabit the French sub-Antarctic islands of the South Indian Ocean. All native and introduced species are presented in the form of individual fact sheets, which include the main identification criteria, geographical distribution and principal ecological traits. Numerous summary tables, distribution maps of introduced species, and a discussion on the originality and vulnerability of this fauna are also included.The Terrestrial Macroinvertebrates of the Sub-Antarctic Iles Kerguelen and Ile de la Possession is based on an expansive literature base, as well as on observations and photographs taken as part of a research program funded by the French Polar Institute Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV). The book also gives an important part to the history of the discoveries of the different species, as well as current conservation issues. |
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136 |
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978-1-786-30760-6 |
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yes |
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8110 |
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Title |
Huff and puff and blow down: invasive plants traits response to strong winds at the Southern Oceanic Islands |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Oikos |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
130 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
1919-1929 |
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Keywords |
environmental filter functional traits hypervolume Iles Kerguelen intraspecific variability mechanical stress |
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Abstract |
Invasions constitute a major driver of biodiversity changes. Insular plant communities are particularly vulnerable to invasions and are relevant models for investigating mechanisms supporting the establishment and spread of introduced plants. Terrestrial flora of sub-Antarctic islands must often thrive in highly windy habitats, thus imposing strong mechanical constraints on individuals. Many alien plants at the sub-Antarctic islands are of tropical or temperate origins, where they were exposed to less stringent wind conditions. As wind likely represents a strong environmental filter for the successful establishment and further geographic spread of plants, they should have developed responses to resist and successfully colonize the Iles Kerguelen. We studied responses to wind of three herbaceous species that are invasive at Iles Kerguelen. We sampled plant individuals at different locations, under windy and sheltered conditions. Traits related to wind avoidance and tolerance and to resource acquisition were measured. We additionally assessed individual performance (biomass) to determine the consequences of trait variations. We focused on trait mean and variance, in particular, through the calculation of hypervolumes. This study emphasized that wind has important effects on plant economics spectrum, including traits involved in mechanical avoidance and light acquisition, with varying strategies, which seem to depend on the biological type of the species (grass versus non-grass). Wind generally reduces individual performance, and this negative effect is not direct but operates through the modification of plant trait values. Furthermore, analyses performed at the hypervolume scale indicate that not only functional trait mean but also its variability account for plant performance. The existence of contrasting growth strategies to cope with local environmental conditions suggests that invaders will be able to occupy different niches, which may ultimately impact local communities. Our results highlight the importance of considering multi-traits responses to meaningfully capture plant adjustments to stress. |
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136 |
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ISSN |
1600-0706 |
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yes |
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8372 |
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Author |
Hippolyte LEURIDAN (based in LSCE, internship will be supervised both by LSCE - Michel RAMONET -, and IGE - Olivier MAGAND-, laboratories) |
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Title |
Investigation of Radon measurements as a tracer of atmospheric mercury sources using Amsterdam Island records (Indian Ocean) |
Type |
Master 2 |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Internship from soac master (air quality thema) |
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Since The Signature Of The Minamata Convention On Mercury In 2017, National Regulation Coordinated At An International Level Will Come Into Force In Order To Limit Anthropogenic Emissions And Therefore Protect The Human Health And Ecosystem From This Highly Toxic Pollutant. One Need To Evaluate The Efficiency Of National Measures, And Long-term Monitoring Of Atmospheric Mercury (Hg) Is An Important Tool To Address The Changes Over Time Of Emission Sources, Transport, And Deposition Patterns.the Global Mercury Observation System (Gmos) Project Was Funded By The European Commission (Http://www.gmos.eu) And Started In November 2010 With The Overall Goal To Develop A Coordinated Global Observing System To Monitor Hg On A Global Scale, Including A Large Network Of Ground-based Monitoring Stations. To Date, More Than 40 Ground-based Monitoring Sites Constitute The Global Network Covering Many Regions Where Little To No Observational Data Were Available Before Gmos (Sprovieri Et Al., 2016). All Gmos Work Is Now Continued In The Framework Of The International Frame Work Of Gos4m (Global Observation System For Mercury – Http://www.gos4m.org)although Essential To Fully Understand The Cycling Of Mercury At The Global Scale, Mercury Species Records In The Southern Hemisphere Were Really Scarce Before Gmos. In This Context, An Atmospheric Mercury Monitoring Station Has Been Set Up On Amsterdam Island (37?48 S, 77?34 E) In The Remote Southern Indian Ocean In 2012. Since 2012, We Continuously Measured Gaseous Mercury Species With A 15 Min Frequency. Angot Et Al. (2014) Discussed The First Two Years Of This Record, Using Principally Wind Sector Analysis And Air Mass Back Trajectories. They Also Include In Their Analysis The Unique Continuous Record Of Radon 222 And 220 (Thoron) (Polian Et Al., 1986; Kritz Et Al., 1990). Radon 222 And 220 (Thoron) Activities Can Be Used To Distinguish Local Soil Outgassing From Remote Continental Source. Combined With Meteorological Data, The Change Of Activities Are Then Powerful Tool To Classify Air Mass Origin For The Atmospheric Gaseous Mercury Record. Rapid And Sharp Variations Of Radon 222 Activity, Referred To As &Ldquo;radonic Storms” (Lambert Et Al., 1970) And Ascribed To Strong Continental Air Mass Advection, Are Then Observed At Amsterdam Island. The Occurrence Of Radonic Storms Was Estimated To Be About 4 % In 2012 And 7 % In 2013. Considering The Works Realized In 2014, The Goal Of This Internship Is To Deeper Explore The Relationships Between The Collected Gaseous Elemental Mercury And Observed Radon (222rn / 220rn) Activities In The Entire Data Set. In Particular, We Will Study The Specific And Coupled Trend Of These Compounds, The Frequency And Intensity Of Radonic Storm Occurrence And Their Potential Link With The Gaseous Elemental Mercury Cycle. Local Meteorology Data As Well As Backtrajectories Simulation (Hysplit And/or Flexpart Model) Will Be Also Used. |
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1028 |
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8055 |
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Title |
Fifty million years of beetle evolution along the Antarctic Polar Front |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
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Volume |
118 |
Issue |
24 |
Pages |
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Antarctica herbivory island biogeography paleoclimate species radiation |
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136 |
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0027-8424, 1091-6490 |
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8087 |
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How king penguins advertise their sexual maturity |
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Year |
2021 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour |
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Volume |
177 |
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Pages |
253-267 |
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animal communication mate choice optimal response index ornamentation penguin sexual maturation vocalization |
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137,354 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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0003-3472 |
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yes |
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7949 |
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