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A Maggi |
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Pourquoi installer des stations sismiques en Antarctique? in Cap sur les Pôles, 100 questions sur les mondes polaires, F Lemarchand, MF André and F Rémy (Eds.) |
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2011 |
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906 |
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1855 |
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A Stier, Q Schull, E Lefol, T Cornioley, J-j Ménard, M Haussmann, R Groscolas, D Roussel, P Bize, V A. Viblanc Et J-patrice Robin2 |
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Title |
The stress response in the king penguin: from humoral to mitochondrial levels. |
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Conference - National - Communication |
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2018 |
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14èmes journées scientifiques du CNFRA, Strasbourg, France, 25-27 avril 2018 |
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119 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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7377 |
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A. B. Makhado, R. J. M. Crawford, M. P. Dias, B. M. Dyer, T. Lamont, P. Pistorius, P. G. Ryan, L. Upfold, H. Weimerskirch, R. R. Reisinger |
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Foraging behaviour and habitat use by Indian Yellow-nosed Albatrosses (Thalassarche carteri) breeding at Prince Edward Island |
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Journal |
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2018 |
Publication |
Emu – Austral Ornithology |
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118 |
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4 |
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353-362 |
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Environmental parameters Feeding habitat characteristics foraging ground partitioning seabirds state-space model |
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Demographic parameters of wild animals are often closely associated with their foraging distribution and behaviour, and understanding these attributes can assist in identifying causes of population changes. The Indian Yellow-nosed Albatross (Thalassarche carteri) is endangered but little information is available on its at-sea distribution and behaviour. It breeds only in French (Iles Amsterdam, St Paul, Kerguelen and Crozet) and South African (Prince Edward Island, PEI) territories in the south-west Indian Ocean, with PEI supporting about 20% of the global population. This study aimed to investigate the at-sea distributions of adult Indian Yellow-nosed Albatrosses provisioning chicks at PEI and to compare them with distributions of Yellow-nosed Albatrosses breeding at other localities. Using satellite transmitters, we identified two areas that were particularly favoured for foraging. Parents whose partners were brooding small chicks frequently moved north-east of PEI to shallow, productive waters where cold, nutrient-rich water upwells and results in enhanced levels of chlorophyll-a. By contrast, parents with older chicks that could be left unattended often foraged along the Agulhas Bank where eddies and shear forces promote vertical mixing. The at-sea distribution of birds breeding at PEI was located between those reported for Indian Yellow-nosed Albatrosses breeding at Ile Amsterdam and Atlantic Yellow-nosed Albatrosses (T. chlororhynchos) breeding at Gough Island, so that birds from these localities may face different threats at sea. Our study is the first to highlight key feeding areas for Indian Yellow-nosed Albatrosses from PEI and to demonstrate partitioning of foraging grounds by Yellow-nosed Albatrosses from different localities. |
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109 |
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0158-4197 |
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0158-4197 |
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yes |
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7186 |
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A. Baranov, R. Tenzer, A. Morelli |
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Title |
Updated Antarctic crustal model |
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Journal |
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Year |
2021 |
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Gondwana Research |
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89 |
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1-18 |
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Antarctica Crustal structure Gondwana Sediments |
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We use seismic data together with a subglacial bedrock relief from the BEDMAP2 database to obtain a new three-layer model of the consolidated (crystalline) crust of Antarctica that locally improves the global seismic crustal model CRUST1.0. We collect suitable data for constructing crustal layers, analyse them and build maps of the crustal layer thickness and seismic velocities. We use the subglacial relief according to a tectonic configuration and then interpolate data using a statistical kriging method. The P-wave velocity information from old seismic profiles have been supplemented with the new shear-wave velocity models. We adjust the thickness of crustal layers by multiplying a total crustal thickness by a percentage ratio of each individual layer at each point. Our results reveal large variations in seismic velocities between different crustal blocks forming Antarctica. The most pronounced differences exist between East and West Antarctica. In East Antarctica, a high P-wave velocity (vP > 7 km/s) layer in the lower crust is absent. The P-wave velocity in the lower crust changes from 6.1 km/s beneath the Lambert Rift to 6.9 km/s beneath the Wilkes Basin. In West Antarctica, a thick mafic lower crust is characterized by large P-wave velocities, ranging from 7.0 km/s under the Ross Sea to 7.3 km/s under the Byrd Basin. In contrast, velocities in the lower crust beneath the Transantarctic and Ellsworth-Whitmore Mountains are ~6.8 km/s. The P-wave velocities in the upper crust in East Antarctica are within the range 5.5–6.4 km/s. The upper crust of West Antarctica is characterized by the P-wave velocities of 5.6–6.3 km/s. The P-wave velocities in the middle crust vary within 5.9–6.6 km/s in East Antarctica and within 6.3–6.5 km/s in West Antarctica. A low-velocity layer (5.8–5.9 km/s) is detected at depth of ~20–25 km beneath the Princes Elizabeth Land. |
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133 |
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1342-937X |
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7994 |
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A. Barbero, J. Savarino, R. Grilli, C. Blouzon, G. Picard, M. M. Frey, Y. Huang, N. Caillon |
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Title |
New Estimation of the NOx Snow-Source on the Antarctic Plateau |
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Journal |
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2021 |
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Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres |
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126 |
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20 |
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e2021JD035062 |
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Antarctic Plateau flux chamber nitrate photolysis snowpack emissions |
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To fully decipher the role of nitrate photolysis on the atmospheric oxidative capacity in snow-covered regions, NOx flux must be determined with more precision than existing estimates. Here, we introduce a method based on dynamic flux chamber measurements for evaluating the NOx production by photolysis of snowpack nitrate in Antarctica. Flux chamber experiments were conducted for the first time in Antarctica, at the French-Italian station Concordia, Dome C (75°06'S, 123°20’E, 3233 m a.s.l) during the 2019–2020 summer campaign. Measurements were gathered with several snow samples of different ages ranging from newly formed drifted snow to 6-year-old firn. Contrary to existing literature expectations, the daily average photolysis rate coefficient, , did not significantly vary between differently aged snow samples, suggesting that the photolabile nitrate in snow behaves as a single-family source with common photochemical properties, where a = (2.37 0.35) × 10−8 s−1 (1) has been calculated from December 10th 2019 to January 7th 2020. At Dome C summer daily average NOx flux, , based on measured NOx production rates was estimated to be (4.3 1.2) × 108 molecules cm−2 s−1, which is 1.5–7 times less than the net NOx flux observed previously above snow at Dome C using the gradient flux method. Using these results, we extrapolated an annual continental snow sourced NOx budget of 0.017 0.003 TgN y−1, 2 times the nitrogen budget, (N-budget), of the stratospheric denitrification previously estimated for Antarctica. These quantifications of nitrate photolysis using flux chamber experiments provide a road-map toward a new parameterization of the product that can improve future global and regional models of atmospheric chemistry. |
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1177 |
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2169-8996 |
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8393 |
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Author |
A. Bernard, M.Menvielle, A. Chambodut |
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Title |
K GEOMAGNETIC INDICES INFLUENCED BY DATA SAMPLING |
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Conference - International - Communication |
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2010 |
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XIVth IAGA WORKSHOP ON GEOMAGNETIC OBSERVATORY INSTRUMENTS, DATA ACQUISITION AND PROCESSING; September 13 – 23, 2010; Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
The K index was devised by Bartels et al. (1939) to provide an objective monitoring of the irregular geomagnetic activity, namely the magnetic signature of the solar wind and IMF effects on the Earth's magnetic field. It was then routinely used to monitor the magnetic activity at permanent magnetic observatories, as well as at temporary stations. The increasing number of digital and sometimes unmanned observatories and the creation of INTERMAGNET put the question of computer production of K at the centre of the debate. Four algorithms were selected during the Vienna meeting (1991), and endorsed by IAGA for computer production of K indices
To start with, we recall how geomagnetic data sampling may impact on computer-derived values of K-indices, and lead to underestimated values resulting in a statistical bias. We use one of the algorithms endorsed by IAGA, the so-called FMI algorithm developed by the Finnish Meteorological Institute, to investigate the impact of the geomagnetic data sampling interval on computer produced K values. We use this algorithm since it gives results that are fairly comparable to those hand-scaled on analogue magnetograms by an experienced observer.
The impact of the sampling interval on computer-produced K values is investigated through the comparison of the computer derived K values for the period 2009, January 1st to 2010, May 31 at the Port aux Français magnetic observatory using magnetic data series with different sampling rate (the smaller: 1 second; the larger 1 minute). The impact is investigated on both 3-hour range values and K indices data series, as a function of the activity level, for low and moderate geomagnetic activity (there was no intense magnetic storm during 2009, and very few during the first months of 2010). |
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139;905 |
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980 |
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A. C. Levasseur-Regourd, M. Bentley, H. Cottin, C. Engrand, C. Freissinet, E. Hadamcik, Y. Langevin, J. Lasue, T. Mannel, S. Merouane |
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Title |
The Post-Rosetta Understanding of the Fate of Cometary Dust |
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2018 |
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AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts, P23G-3524 |
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23 |
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6008 Composition PLANETARY SCIENCES: COMETS AND SMALL BODIES PLANETARY SCIENCES: COMETS AND SMALL BODIESDE: 6017 Erosion and weathering PLANETARY SCIENCES: COMETS AND SMALL BODIESDE: 6023 Comets: dust tails and trails PLANETARY SCIENCES: COMETS AND SMALL BODIESDE: 6025 Interactions with solar wind plasma and fields |
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Thanks to its long duration, the Rosetta mission has provided a unique insight into the properties of dust particles released by 67P/C-G nucleus, and ascertained the links between cometary dust and CP-IDPs or UCAMMs [1]. Minerals to organics proportions are quite comparable within the refractory phase, in which carbon-bearing compounds present high-molecular masses [2-4]. Dust particles consist of aggregates of smaller grains and present hierarchical structures, with morphologies ranging from extremely porous to almost compact [5-7]. The refractory materials released in comae (monitored with ≈ 4-1.2 au solar distance range for 67P/C-G), subjected to gravitational and non-gravitational forces, build up dust tails and trails, and progressively become parts of the zodiacal cloud, i.e. the lenticular-shaped interplanetary dust cloud. The small dust particles spiral towards the Sun under Poynting-Robertson effect, with migration times in the 300-50000 years range for micron-sized grains with densities about 100-1000 kg m-3 released at solar distances about 4-1.2 au [8]. Such dust particles happen to encounter the Earth atmosphere. Independent approaches have established that most of the near-Earth interplanetary dust comes from Jupiter Family comets, such as 67P/C-G [9-11], which orbit in the vicinity of the ecliptic plane. Updates of our present understanding of dust in 67P/C-G will be proposed. Through various numerical and experimental simulations [e.g. 12], the changes in composition and in physical properties of cometary dust particles in the interplanetary dust cloud will be discussed, as a function of time and of solar distance. The possible implications, for the early evolution of terrestrial planets, of the properties of the cometary dust component in the interplanetary dust cloud will be tentatively addressed. 1. Levasseur-Regourd et al. SSR 2018. 2. Goesmann et al. Science 2015. 3. Fray et al. Nature 2016. 4. Bardyn et al. MNRAS 2017. 5. Bentley et al. Nature 2016. 6. Langevin et al. Icarus 2016. 7. Mannel et al. MNRAS 2017. 8. Saïagh PhD Thesis UPE 2014. 9. Lasue et al. Astron. Astrophys. 2007. 10. Nesvorny et al. ApJ 2010. 11. Rowan-Robinson and May MNRAS 2013. 12. Hadamcik et al. PSS 2018. |
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1120 |
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7925 |
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A. C. M. Prado, M. T. Pazianotto, O. L. Gonçalez, L. R. dos Santos, A. D. Caldeira, H. H. C. Pereira, G. Hubert, C. A. Federico |
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Investigation of the influence of the position inside a small aircraft on the cosmic-radiation-induced dose |
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2017 |
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Radiation Protection Dosimetry |
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176 |
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3 |
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217-225 |
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Abstract. This article report the measurements on-board a small aircraft at the same altitude and around the same geographic coordinates. The measurements of A |
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1112 |
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0144-8420 |
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0144-8420 |
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7037 |
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A. Cavard |
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Signaux sexuels secondaires chez le Manchot Royal Aptenodytes patagonicus, lien entre reproduction et qualité individuelle :Une période cruciale, le jeûne prolongé , Stage de Master 1, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand. |
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2014 |
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119 |
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Bachelor's thesis |
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5665 |
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A. Chambodut |
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Encyclopedia of solid Earth Geophysics : section “Geomagnetic Field, IGRF – International Geomagnetic Reference Field” |
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2011 |
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905 |
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Springer Netherlands |
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978-90-481-8701-0 |
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1535 |
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