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Sprovieri, F., Pirrone, N., Bencardino, M., D'Amore, F., Angot, H., Barbante, C., Brunke, E.G., Arcega-Cabrera, F., Cairns, W., Comero, S., Diéguez, M.D.C., Dommergue, A., Ebinghaus, R., Feng, X.B., Fu, X., Garcia, P.E., Gawlik, B.M., Hageström, U., Hansson, K., Horvat, M., Kotnik, J., Labuschagne, C., Magand, O., Martin, L., Mashyanov, N., Mkololo, T., Munthe, J., Obolkin, V., Islas, M.R., Sena, F., Somerset, V., Spandow, P., Vardè, M., Walters, C., Wängberg, I., Weigelt, A., Yang, X., Zhang, H. |
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Title |
Five-year records of Total Mercury Deposition flux at GMOS sites in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Atmos. chem. phys. |
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Volume |
17 |
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4 |
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2689-2708 |
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1028 |
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1680-7324 |
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yes |
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6558 |
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Testut, L., V. Duvat, V. Ballu, R. M. S. Fernandes, F. Pouget, C. Salmon, and J. Dyment |
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Title |
Shoreline changes in a rising sea level context: The example of Grande Glorieuse, Scattered Islands, Western Indian Ocean.ACTA OECOLOGICA : ISSN 1146609X |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Acta oecologica |
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Volume |
72 |
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110-119 |
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This paper provides baseline data on absolute and relative sea level variations and shoreline changes in the Scattered Islands region of the Indian Ocean, based on aerial image analysis, satellite altimetry and field observations and in situ measurements from the 2009 and 2011 TAAF scientific expeditions. The analysis shows the importance of regular observations and monitoring of these islands to better understand reef island responses to climate stressors. We show that Grande Glorieuse Island has increased in area by 7.5 ha between 1989 and 2003, predominantly as a result of shoreline accretion: accretion occurred over 47% of shoreline length, whereas 26% was stable and 28% was eroded. Topographic transects and field observations show that the accretion is due to sediment transfer from the reef outer slopes to the reef flat and then to the beach. This accretion occurred in a context of sea level rise: sea level has risen by about 6 cm in the last twenty years and the island height is probably stable or very slowly subsiding. This island expansion during a period of rising sea level demonstrates that sea level rise is not the primary factor controlling the shoreline changes. This paper highlights the key role of non-climate factors in changes in island area, especially sediment availability and transport. We also evidence rotation of the island, underscoring the highly dynamic nature of reef islands. |
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688 |
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1146-609X |
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yes |
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6538 |
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Teten'kin A., Smith H.L., Henry A. |
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Title |
Archaeological evidence for the construction of artificial structures at the Kovrizhka site, Siberia, during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Paleoamerica |
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1140 |
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2055-5563 |
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yes |
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6515 |
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Author |
Vivier, F, J Hutchings, Y Kawaguchi, T Kikuchi, J Morison, A Lourenço, T Noguchi |
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Title |
Sea-ice melt onset associated with lead opening during the spring/summer transition near the North Pole |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of geophysical research-oceans |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Geophys. Res. |
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Volume |
121 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
2499-2522 |
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Abstract |
In the central Arctic Ocean, autonomous observations of the ocean mixed layer and ice documented the transition from cold spring to early summer in 2011. Ice-motion measurements using GPS drifters captured three events of lead opening and ice ridge formation in May and June. Satellite sea ice concentration observations suggest that locally observed lead openings were part of a larger-scale pattern. We clarify how these ice deformation events are linked with the onset of basal sea ice melt, which preceded surface melt by 20 days. Observed basal melt and ocean warming are consistent with the available input of solar radiation into leads, once the advent of mild atmospheric conditions prevents lead refreezing. We use a one-dimensional numerical simulation incorporating a Local Turbulence Closure scheme to investigate the mechanisms controlling basal melt and upper ocean warming. According to the simulation, a combination of rapid ice motion and increased solar energy input at leads promotes basal ice melt, through enhanced mixing in the upper mixed layer, while slow ice motion during a large lead opening in mid-June produced a thin, low-density surface layer. This enhanced stratification near the surface facilitates storage of solar radiation within the thin layer, instead of exchange with deeper layers, leading to further basal ice melt preceding the upper surface melt. |
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1015 |
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0148-0227 |
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yes |
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6552 |
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Author |
V. Favier, D. Verfaillie, E. Berthier, M. Menegoz, V. Jomelli, J. E. Kay, L. Ducret, Y. Malbéteau, D. Brunstein, H. Gallée, Y.-H. Park & V. Rinterknecht |
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Title |
Atmospheric drying as the main driver of dramatic glacier wastage in the southern Indian Ocean |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Scientific reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
6 |
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Pages |
32396 |
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The ongoing retreat of glaciers at southern sub-polar latitudes is particularly rapid and widespread. Akin to northern sub-polar latitudes, this retreat is generally assumed to be linked to warming. |
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1154 |
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2045-2322 |
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yes |
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6548 |
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Author |
Wheeler, H. C., Berteaux, D., Furgal, C., Parlee, B., Yoccoz, N.G., Grémillet, D. |
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Title |
Stakeholder perspectives on triage in wildlife monitoring in a rapidly changing Arctic |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Frontiers in ecology and evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Front. Ecol. Evol. |
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4 |
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Abstract |
Monitoring activities provide a core contribution to wildlife conservation in the Arctic. Effective monitoring which allows changes in population status to be detected early, provides opportunities to mitigate pressures driving declines. Monitoring triage involves decisions about how and where to prioritise activities in species and ecosystem based monitoring. In particular, monitoring triage examines whether to divert resources away from species where there is high likelihood of extinction in the near-future in favour of species where monitoring activities may produce greater conservation benefits. As a place facing both rapid change with a high likelihood of population extinctions, and serious logistic and financial challenges for field data acquisition, the Arctic provides a good context in which to examine attitudes toward triage in monitoring. For effective decision-making to emerge from monitoring, multiple stakeholders must be involved in defining aims and priorities. We conducted semi-structured interviews with stakeholders in arctic wildlife monitoring (either contributing to observation and recording of wildlife, using information from wildlife observation and recording, or using wildlife as a resource) to elicit their perspectives on triage in wildlife monitoring in the Arctic. The majority (56%) of our 23 participants were predominantly in opposition to triage, 26% were in support of triage and 17% were undecided. Representatives of Indigenous organisations were more likely to be opposed to triage than scientists and those involved in decision-making showed greatest support for triage amongst the scientist participants. Responses to the concept of triage included that: 1) The species-focussed approach associated with triage did not match their more systems-based view (5 participants), 2) Important information is generated through monitoring threatened species which advances understanding of the drivers of change, responses and ecosystem consequences (5 participants), 3) There is an obligation to try to monitor and conserve threatened species (4 participants), and 4) Monitoring needs to address local people’s needs which may be overlooked under triage (3 participants). The complexity of decision-making to create monitoring programmes that maximise benefits to biodiversity and people makes prioritisation with simple models difficult. Using scenarios to identify desirable trajectories of Arctic stewardship may be an effective means of identifying monitoring needs. |
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388 |
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2296-701X |
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yes |
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6566 |
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Author |
Willener A.S.T., Handrich Y., Halsey L.G. & S. Strike |
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Title |
Fat king Penguins are less Steady on their feet. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Plos one |
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Volume |
11 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
e0147784 |
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Abstract |
Returning to the shore after a feeding sojourn at sea, king penguins often undertake a relatively long terrestrial journey to the breeding colony carrying a heavy, mostly frontal, accumulation of fat along with food in the stomach for chick-provisioning. There they must survive a fasting period of up to a month in duration, during which their complete reliance on endogenous energy stores results in a dramatic loss in body mass. Our aim was to determine if the king penguin’s walking gait changes with variations in body mass. We investigated this by walking king penguins on a treadmill while instrumented with an acceleration data logger. The stride frequency, dynamic body acceleration (DBA) and posture of fat (pre-fasting; 13.2 kg) and slim (post fasting; 11 kg) king penguins were assessed while they walked at the same speed (1.4km/h) on a treadmill. Paired statistical tests indicated no evidence for a difference in dynamic body acceleration or stride frequency between the two body masses however there was substantially less variability in both leaning angle and the leaning amplitude of the body when the birds were slimmer. Furthermore, there was some evidence that the slimmer birds exhibited a decrease in waddling amplitude. We suggest the increase in variability of both leaning angle and amplitude, as well as a possibly greater variability in the waddling amplitude, is likely to result from the frontal fat accumulation when the birds are heavier, which may move the centre of mass anteriorly, resulting in a less stable upright posture. This study is the first to use accelerometry to better understand the gait of a species within a specific ecological context: the considerable body mass change exhibited by king penguins. |
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394 |
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1932-6203 |
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yes |
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6516 |
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Young, D. A., Roberts, J. L., Ritz, C., Frezzotti, M., Quartini, E., Cavitte, M. G. P., Tozer, C. R., Steinhage, D., Urbini, S., Corr, H. F. J., Van Ommen, T., and Blankenship, D. D. |
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Title |
High resolution boundary conditions of an old ice target near Dome C, Antarctica, |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
The cryosphere discuss. |
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2016 |
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1-16 |
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Abstract. A high resolution (1 km line spacing) aerogeophysical survey was conducted over a region near the East Antarctic Ice Sheet's Dome C that may hold a 1.5 million year old climate record. New ice thickness data derived from an airborne coherent radar sounder was combined with unpublished data that was unavailable for earlier compilations. We find under the primary candidate region elevated rough topography, near a number of subglacial lakes, but also regions of smoother bed. The high resolution of this ice thickness dataset also allows us to explore the nature of ice thickness uncertainties in the context of radar geometry and processing. |
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902 |
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1994-0440 |
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yes |
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6528 |
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Zvénigorosky V., Crubézy E. , Gibert M. , Thèves C., Hollard C., Gonzalez A., Fedorova S. Alexeeve A. , Bravinae R. , Ludes B., Keyser C |
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Title |
The genetics of kinship in remote human groups. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Forensic science international-genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Forensic Sci Int Genet |
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Volume |
25 |
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52-62 |
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Abstract |
For fifteen years, part of the work of our research team has been focused on the study of parental links between individuals living hundreds or thousands of years ago, whose remains have been found in single graves or large funerary complexes. These studies have been undertaken using methods developed by forensic genetics to identify individuals, mainly based on the genotyping of autosomal STR (Short Tandem Repeats). Issues arose from this work, namely the limits of studying small numbers of subjects, originating from groups of finite sizes where kinships cannot be inferred a priori and for which reference allelic frequencies do not exist. Although ideal human populations are rare when undertaking such studies, the Yakuts of Eastern Siberia constitute a very advantageous model, with large numbers of small pastoral communities and well-preserved archaeological material. The study of kinship in the ancient Yakuts allowed us to highlight the difficulties in analysing genetic data from small ancient human groups and to develop a strategy to improve the accuracy of statistical computations. This work describes this strategy and possible solutions to the study of populations outside of the frame of reference of global meta-populations, due either to isolation, remoteness or antiquity. |
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1038 |
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1872-4973 |
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yes |
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6530 |
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T Saucède |
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Title |
Changement climatique et suivi de la biodiversité marine aux Iles Kerguelen |
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Communication |
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2018 |
Publication |
15ème rencontres bourgogne-franche-comté nature, saint-brisson, france, 19-20 octobre 2018 |
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7533 |
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